六、任务型阅读。
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
主题群:生活与学习
子主题:学校生活
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
[2025 南京市玄武区期中]Schools are places for students to learn new things, meet friends and take part in all kinds of activities. 1.
Before going to school, most children often spend a few years in a kindergarten(幼儿园). In China, children start school at the age of six. But no matter what month they were born in, they all start school on the same day in September. 2. But if you are in the Netherlands, you don't have to worry about this. The students there all start school on their fourth birthday, so there are always new students joining in all year round.
3. In Bangladesh, there are schools on boats. This is because floods happen in the country every year. During that period, many schools have to close. 4. To solve the problem, the country builds schools on boats. In this way, students can take classes in the flood season.
In many countries, students should wear school uniforms at school. It helps students develop team spirit and makes it easier for parents to get their children ready for school in the morning.
5. However, in some countries such as the USA and France, school children don't usually wear uniforms. They think it's better for students to choose their own clothes to wear.
A. Not all classrooms are in buildings.
B. Also, it can save money for poor families.
C. But they can be very different in some ways.
D. It usually takes them 30 minutes to get to school.
E. So in a class, some can be almost one year older than others.
F. This makes millions of children have no places to have lessons.
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
主题群:生活与学习
子主题:学校生活
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
[2025 南京市玄武区期中]Schools are places for students to learn new things, meet friends and take part in all kinds of activities. 1.
Before going to school, most children often spend a few years in a kindergarten(幼儿园). In China, children start school at the age of six. But no matter what month they were born in, they all start school on the same day in September. 2. But if you are in the Netherlands, you don't have to worry about this. The students there all start school on their fourth birthday, so there are always new students joining in all year round.
3. In Bangladesh, there are schools on boats. This is because floods happen in the country every year. During that period, many schools have to close. 4. To solve the problem, the country builds schools on boats. In this way, students can take classes in the flood season.
In many countries, students should wear school uniforms at school. It helps students develop team spirit and makes it easier for parents to get their children ready for school in the morning.
5. However, in some countries such as the USA and France, school children don't usually wear uniforms. They think it's better for students to choose their own clothes to wear.
A. Not all classrooms are in buildings.
B. Also, it can save money for poor families.
C. But they can be very different in some ways.
D. It usually takes them 30 minutes to get to school.
E. So in a class, some can be almost one year older than others.
F. This makes millions of children have no places to have lessons.
答案：1. C 根据"In China, children start school at the age of six." "But if you are in the Netherlands ..." "In Bangladesh ..."可知,不同国家的学校不同,选项C符合语境。
2. E 根据"But no matter what month they were born in, they all start school on the same day in September."可知,有可能在一个班里一部分学生会比其他学生大将近一岁,选项E符合语境。
3. A 根据"In Bangladesh, there are schools on boats."可知,在孟加拉国,船上有学校,选项A符合语境。
4. F 根据"During that period, many schools have to close."可知,学校在洪水期间关闭,这就导致了学生没有地方上课,选项F符合语境。
5. B 根据"It helps students develop team spirit and makes it easier for parents to get their children ready for school in the morning."可知,此处应介绍穿校服的好处,选项B符合语境。
2. E 根据"But no matter what month they were born in, they all start school on the same day in September."可知,有可能在一个班里一部分学生会比其他学生大将近一岁,选项E符合语境。
3. A 根据"In Bangladesh, there are schools on boats."可知,在孟加拉国,船上有学校,选项A符合语境。
4. F 根据"During that period, many schools have to close."可知,学校在洪水期间关闭,这就导致了学生没有地方上课,选项F符合语境。
5. B 根据"It helps students develop team spirit and makes it easier for parents to get their children ready for school in the morning."可知,此处应介绍穿校服的好处,选项B符合语境。
解析：
【分析】
拿到这道6选5的任务型阅读，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍不同国家的学校在入学时间、校址设置、校服要求等方面的差异化特点。接下来逐空定位，通过上下文的逻辑关联（转折、因果、总分、并列举例等）匹配选项：第1空在总起句之后，后文开始列举各国学校的不同规则，需要找引出“学校存在差异”的过渡句；第2空前文提到中国孩子无论出生月份都统一在9月同一天入学，顺着这个规则推导班级学生年龄差的结果即可；第3空后文直接举孟加拉国船上建学校的例子，空处需要对应引出“教室不都在常规建筑里”的总起表述；第4空前文提到洪水期很多学校要关闭，顺着这个前提推导带来的学生无课上的问题；第5空前文已经列举了穿校服的两个好处，空处要接并列的第三个好处，最后验证剩余的D选项和全文主题完全无关，属于多余选项。
【解析】
1. 空前句介绍了学校的通用属性，后文分别介绍中国、荷兰、孟加拉国等不同国家学校的入学规则、特殊校址、校服要求的各类差异，C选项“但是它们在一些方面可能非常不同”起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。
2. 空前句说明中国的入学规则：无论孩子出生在哪个月份，都统一在9月同一天入学，E选项“所以在同一个班级里，有些学生的年龄几乎可以比其他学生大一岁”是该规则顺推的必然结果，逻辑通顺。
3. 空后句直接举例“在孟加拉国，船上有学校”，说明存在不在常规建筑里的特殊教室，A选项“不是所有的教室都在建筑物里”是该段的总起句，引出后文水上学校的特殊案例，符合逻辑。
4. 空前句提到洪水来袭期间很多学校不得不关闭，F选项“这使得数百万孩子没有地方上课”是学校关闭带来的直接问题，刚好对应后文“为了解决这个问题”的表述，衔接连贯。
5. 空前句已经列举了穿校服的两个好处：培养学生团队精神、方便家长早上为孩子准备上学物品，B选项“同时，它也能为贫困家庭省钱”是并列的第三个穿校服的好处，和前文的好处表述衔接自然。
多余选项D“他们通常花30分钟到校”和全文讨论各国学校差异的主题没有关联，予以排除。
【答案】
1. C 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. B
【知识点】
任务型阅读 语境逻辑推理 语篇衔接分析
【点评】
本题是校园生活主题的说明文类六选五题型，难度适中，所有空的解题线索都可以通过前后文的因果、总分、并列逻辑直接定位，不需要额外的复杂背景知识，学生解题时只要抓住每段的核心论述方向，留意but、so、also这类逻辑信号词，就能快速匹配正确选项，能有效锻炼学生的语篇整体感知能力和上下文逻辑推导能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这道6选5的任务型阅读，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍不同国家的学校在入学时间、校址设置、校服要求等方面的差异化特点。接下来逐空定位，通过上下文的逻辑关联（转折、因果、总分、并列举例等）匹配选项：第1空在总起句之后，后文开始列举各国学校的不同规则，需要找引出“学校存在差异”的过渡句；第2空前文提到中国孩子无论出生月份都统一在9月同一天入学，顺着这个规则推导班级学生年龄差的结果即可；第3空后文直接举孟加拉国船上建学校的例子，空处需要对应引出“教室不都在常规建筑里”的总起表述；第4空前文提到洪水期很多学校要关闭，顺着这个前提推导带来的学生无课上的问题；第5空前文已经列举了穿校服的两个好处，空处要接并列的第三个好处，最后验证剩余的D选项和全文主题完全无关，属于多余选项。
【解析】
1. 空前句介绍了学校的通用属性，后文分别介绍中国、荷兰、孟加拉国等不同国家学校的入学规则、特殊校址、校服要求的各类差异，C选项“但是它们在一些方面可能非常不同”起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。
2. 空前句说明中国的入学规则：无论孩子出生在哪个月份，都统一在9月同一天入学，E选项“所以在同一个班级里，有些学生的年龄几乎可以比其他学生大一岁”是该规则顺推的必然结果，逻辑通顺。
3. 空后句直接举例“在孟加拉国，船上有学校”，说明存在不在常规建筑里的特殊教室，A选项“不是所有的教室都在建筑物里”是该段的总起句，引出后文水上学校的特殊案例，符合逻辑。
4. 空前句提到洪水来袭期间很多学校不得不关闭，F选项“这使得数百万孩子没有地方上课”是学校关闭带来的直接问题，刚好对应后文“为了解决这个问题”的表述，衔接连贯。
5. 空前句已经列举了穿校服的两个好处：培养学生团队精神、方便家长早上为孩子准备上学物品，B选项“同时，它也能为贫困家庭省钱”是并列的第三个穿校服的好处，和前文的好处表述衔接自然。
多余选项D“他们通常花30分钟到校”和全文讨论各国学校差异的主题没有关联，予以排除。
【答案】
1. C 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. B
【知识点】
任务型阅读 语境逻辑推理 语篇衔接分析
【点评】
本题是校园生活主题的说明文类六选五题型，难度适中，所有空的解题线索都可以通过前后文的因果、总分、并列逻辑直接定位，不需要额外的复杂背景知识，学生解题时只要抓住每段的核心论述方向，留意but、so、also这类逻辑信号词，就能快速匹配正确选项，能有效锻炼学生的语篇整体感知能力和上下文逻辑推导能力。
【难度系数】
0.6