五、跨学科 生物 阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:知识科普
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Do you feel sleepy on rainy days? If the answer is yes, you are not alone. But do you know why?
One of the reasons is that there is little sunshine on rainy days. Our brain will have less serotonin(血清素) and more melatonin(褪黑素) if there is not enough sunlight. Serotonin helps us feel good and energetic, while melatonin makes us feel sleepy. As a result, we may want to go to sleep and even feel a bit sad when it is rainy.
The humidity of a rainy day is another reason. As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It's more difficult for our sweat(汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool. This can make us feel tired.
Moreover, the sound of rain, a type of pink noise, will make us feel sleepy too. Like white noise, pink noise includes all the sound frequencies(频率) humans can hear, but it has fewer high frequencies than white noise. This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves(脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.
Then what can you do if you don't like that sleepy feeling? Well, you can get as much natural light as possible and keep yourself busy. Also, you can use a machine to make your room dry. In this way, you won't feel sleepy any more.
1. (创新考法·行文方式)How does the writer start the passage?
A. By asking questions.
B. By telling a story.
C. By using a picture.
D. By giving a weather report.
2. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn
A. white noise includes fewer high frequencies than pink noise
B. people will have more brain waves when they hear pink noise
C. the softer the noise sounds, the more easily people will feel sleepy
D. it's difficult for people to fall asleep when they hear pink noise
3. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some facts about different kinds of noises.
B. The reasons why people need enough sleep.
C. The reasons why people are sleepy in rainy weather.
D. Some ways to help people sleep better on rainy days.
主题群:自然生态
子主题:知识科普
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Do you feel sleepy on rainy days? If the answer is yes, you are not alone. But do you know why?
One of the reasons is that there is little sunshine on rainy days. Our brain will have less serotonin(血清素) and more melatonin(褪黑素) if there is not enough sunlight. Serotonin helps us feel good and energetic, while melatonin makes us feel sleepy. As a result, we may want to go to sleep and even feel a bit sad when it is rainy.
The humidity of a rainy day is another reason. As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It's more difficult for our sweat(汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool. This can make us feel tired.
Moreover, the sound of rain, a type of pink noise, will make us feel sleepy too. Like white noise, pink noise includes all the sound frequencies(频率) humans can hear, but it has fewer high frequencies than white noise. This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves(脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.
Then what can you do if you don't like that sleepy feeling? Well, you can get as much natural light as possible and keep yourself busy. Also, you can use a machine to make your room dry. In this way, you won't feel sleepy any more.
1. (创新考法·行文方式)How does the writer start the passage?
A. By asking questions.
B. By telling a story.
C. By using a picture.
D. By giving a weather report.
2. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn
C
.A. white noise includes fewer high frequencies than pink noise
B. people will have more brain waves when they hear pink noise
C. the softer the noise sounds, the more easily people will feel sleepy
D. it's difficult for people to fall asleep when they hear pink noise
3. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some facts about different kinds of noises.
B. The reasons why people need enough sleep.
C. The reasons why people are sleepy in rainy weather.
D. Some ways to help people sleep better on rainy days.
答案：1. A 行文方式题。根据"Do you feel sleepy on rainy days?... But do you know why?"可知，作者通过提问开始这篇文章。
2. C 推理判断题。根据"This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves ... fall asleep more easily."可知，声音听起来越轻柔，人们就越容易犯困。
3. C 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了人们在雨天犯困的原因。
2. C 推理判断题。根据"This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves ... fall asleep more easily."可知，声音听起来越轻柔，人们就越容易犯困。
3. C 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了人们在雨天犯困的原因。
解析：
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读后，先明确三道题的考点分别是开篇行文方式判断、段落细节推理、全文主旨归纳。第一题直接定位文章开头部分，观察作者引入话题的形式，原文开篇连续抛出两个问题，可直接对应提问引入的方式选出答案。第二题先定位到题干指定的第四段，把每个选项的表述和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文信息相反的错误选项，就能得到正确答案。第三题梳理全文脉络：开篇提出“为什么雨天会犯困”的核心问题，中间分三点解释对应原因，最后补充缓解犯困的方法，核心主题就是解释雨天犯困的原因，即可锁定主旨答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位文章首段，作者开篇连续提出两个问题“Do you feel sleepy on rainy days?”和“But do you know why?”，通过提问的方式引出下文对雨天犯困原因的介绍，没有采用讲故事、配图片、播报天气预报的开篇形式，因此选A，排除B、C、D。
2. 第2题：定位第四段逐一核对选项：
选项A：原文表述为“it has fewer high frequencies than white noise”，此处it指代粉噪音，说明粉噪音的高频占比少于白噪音，选项表述和原文完全相反，错误。
选项B：原文提到“people's brain waves will become fewer when they hear pink noise”，说明听粉噪音时脑电波会变少，选项表述错误。
选项C：原文说明粉噪音听感更柔和，人们听到后更容易入睡，可推导出声音越轻柔，人越容易犯困，表述符合逻辑和原文内容，正确。
选项D：原文明确指出听到粉噪音人们会更容易入睡，选项表述和原文相悖，错误。
因此选C。
3. 第3题：全文围绕开篇提出的“为什么雨天会犯困”的问题展开，分别从光照不足、空气湿度高、雨声属于粉噪音三个角度解释原因，核心主题是介绍雨天人们犯困的原因，对应选项C。A选项只涉及噪音部分的内容，过于片面；B选项“人们需要充足睡眠的原因”完全偏离主题；D选项“帮助雨天睡更好的方法”只是文末补充的小部分内容，不是全文核心，因此排除A、B、D。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解行文判断，细节推理判断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
这是一篇结合生物科普知识的跨学科说明文阅读，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读理解的三类高频题型，解题时要注意精准定位题干对应的原文段落，将选项内容和原文信息逐一比对，避免被偷换概念、反向表述的干扰项误导，做主旨类题目时要抓住开篇的核心设问，就能快速把握全文的核心讨论对象。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这篇阅读后，先明确三道题的考点分别是开篇行文方式判断、段落细节推理、全文主旨归纳。第一题直接定位文章开头部分，观察作者引入话题的形式，原文开篇连续抛出两个问题，可直接对应提问引入的方式选出答案。第二题先定位到题干指定的第四段，把每个选项的表述和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文信息相反的错误选项，就能得到正确答案。第三题梳理全文脉络：开篇提出“为什么雨天会犯困”的核心问题，中间分三点解释对应原因，最后补充缓解犯困的方法，核心主题就是解释雨天犯困的原因，即可锁定主旨答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位文章首段，作者开篇连续提出两个问题“Do you feel sleepy on rainy days?”和“But do you know why?”，通过提问的方式引出下文对雨天犯困原因的介绍，没有采用讲故事、配图片、播报天气预报的开篇形式，因此选A，排除B、C、D。
2. 第2题：定位第四段逐一核对选项：
选项A：原文表述为“it has fewer high frequencies than white noise”，此处it指代粉噪音，说明粉噪音的高频占比少于白噪音，选项表述和原文完全相反，错误。
选项B：原文提到“people's brain waves will become fewer when they hear pink noise”，说明听粉噪音时脑电波会变少，选项表述错误。
选项C：原文说明粉噪音听感更柔和，人们听到后更容易入睡，可推导出声音越轻柔，人越容易犯困，表述符合逻辑和原文内容，正确。
选项D：原文明确指出听到粉噪音人们会更容易入睡，选项表述和原文相悖，错误。
因此选C。
3. 第3题：全文围绕开篇提出的“为什么雨天会犯困”的问题展开，分别从光照不足、空气湿度高、雨声属于粉噪音三个角度解释原因，核心主题是介绍雨天人们犯困的原因，对应选项C。A选项只涉及噪音部分的内容，过于片面；B选项“人们需要充足睡眠的原因”完全偏离主题；D选项“帮助雨天睡更好的方法”只是文末补充的小部分内容，不是全文核心，因此排除A、B、D。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解行文判断，细节推理判断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
这是一篇结合生物科普知识的跨学科说明文阅读，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读理解的三类高频题型，解题时要注意精准定位题干对应的原文段落，将选项内容和原文信息逐一比对，避免被偷换概念、反向表述的干扰项误导，做主旨类题目时要抓住开篇的核心设问，就能快速把握全文的核心讨论对象。
【难度系数】
0.6