五、根据汉语提示完成句子。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. 那些充满打斗的电影不适合儿童观看。
The films
2. 有些节气与传统节日有关。
Some solar terms
3. 我们可以从夏、商、周朝开始讲述我们的历史故事。
We can
4. 老师把学生分成四组。(divide ... into ...)
5. 莉萨正忙着做家庭作业。(be busy doing sth.)
1. 那些充满打斗的电影不适合儿童观看。
The films
full of fights
are not suitable for children.2. 有些节气与传统节日有关。
Some solar terms
are connected with traditional
festivals.3. 我们可以从夏、商、周朝开始讲述我们的历史故事。
We can
start telling our history stories from
the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties.4. 老师把学生分成四组。(divide ... into ...)
The teacher divided the students into four groups.
5. 莉萨正忙着做家庭作业。(be busy doing sth.)
Lisa is busy doing her homework.
答案：1. full of fights 2. are connected with traditional 3. start telling our history stories from 4. The teacher divided the students into four groups. 5. Lisa is busy doing her homework.
解析：
【分析】
这是一道英语汉译英完成句子题型，解题时首先要将题干给出的汉语语义和已有的英文部分做比对，精准定位空缺内容对应的中文含义，结合课内所学的固定短语、语法规则补全内容：如果是给出指定短语提示的翻译题，必须严格使用指定结构，补全后还要核对整句的主谓一致、动词形式、语义通顺度，确保最终句子完全匹配原句的汉语含义。比如第一题空缺对应“充满打斗的”，作后置定语修饰名词films，直接调用full of的固定搭配即可，其余题目依次对应相关固定搭配，注意情态动词后接动词原形、时态选择等细节就能顺利完成。
【解析】
我们逐题梳理解题步骤：
1. 空缺处需要表达“充满打斗的”，作后置定语修饰名词The films，固定短语full of意为“充满”，“打斗”用复数名词fights表泛指，因此填入对应内容。
2. 空缺处需要表达“与传统…有关”，固定搭配be connected with表示“与……有关联”，主语Some solar terms是复数形式，be动词选用are，“传统的”用形容词traditional修饰后面的名词festivals，因此填入对应内容。
3. 空缺处需要表达“从…开始讲述我们的历史故事”，情态动词can后接动词原形，固定结构start doing sth.表示“开始做某事”，“讲述我们的历史故事”译为tell our history stories，介词from引出动作的起始参照“夏、商、周朝”，因此填入对应内容。
4. 题目要求使用指定结构divide ... into ...（把……分成……），句子主语为The teacher（老师），宾语为the students（学生），“四组”译为four groups，描述已经发生的动作用一般过去时，divide的过去式为divided，组合得到完整句子。
5. 题目要求使用指定结构be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事），主语Lisa是第三人称单数，be动词选用is，“做她的家庭作业”译为do her homework，组合得到完整句子。
【答案】
1. full of fights
2. are connected with traditional
3. start telling our history stories from
4. The teacher divided the students into four groups.
5. Lisa is busy doing her homework.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；汉译英应用；常用动词句型
【点评】
本题属于英语基础应用型题目，核心考察学生对课内要求掌握的高频固定短语的识记和运用能力，难度较低，解题时需要注意区分不同短语的使用场景，留意主谓一致、动词时态、非谓语形式等细节，遇到指定短语要求的翻译题要严格贴合提示结构，避免出现不符合题干要求的错误。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一道英语汉译英完成句子题型，解题时首先要将题干给出的汉语语义和已有的英文部分做比对，精准定位空缺内容对应的中文含义，结合课内所学的固定短语、语法规则补全内容：如果是给出指定短语提示的翻译题，必须严格使用指定结构，补全后还要核对整句的主谓一致、动词形式、语义通顺度，确保最终句子完全匹配原句的汉语含义。比如第一题空缺对应“充满打斗的”，作后置定语修饰名词films，直接调用full of的固定搭配即可，其余题目依次对应相关固定搭配，注意情态动词后接动词原形、时态选择等细节就能顺利完成。
【解析】
我们逐题梳理解题步骤：
1. 空缺处需要表达“充满打斗的”，作后置定语修饰名词The films，固定短语full of意为“充满”，“打斗”用复数名词fights表泛指，因此填入对应内容。
2. 空缺处需要表达“与传统…有关”，固定搭配be connected with表示“与……有关联”，主语Some solar terms是复数形式，be动词选用are，“传统的”用形容词traditional修饰后面的名词festivals，因此填入对应内容。
3. 空缺处需要表达“从…开始讲述我们的历史故事”，情态动词can后接动词原形，固定结构start doing sth.表示“开始做某事”，“讲述我们的历史故事”译为tell our history stories，介词from引出动作的起始参照“夏、商、周朝”，因此填入对应内容。
4. 题目要求使用指定结构divide ... into ...（把……分成……），句子主语为The teacher（老师），宾语为the students（学生），“四组”译为four groups，描述已经发生的动作用一般过去时，divide的过去式为divided，组合得到完整句子。
5. 题目要求使用指定结构be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事），主语Lisa是第三人称单数，be动词选用is，“做她的家庭作业”译为do her homework，组合得到完整句子。
【答案】
1. full of fights
2. are connected with traditional
3. start telling our history stories from
4. The teacher divided the students into four groups.
5. Lisa is busy doing her homework.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；汉译英应用；常用动词句型
【点评】
本题属于英语基础应用型题目，核心考察学生对课内要求掌握的高频固定短语的识记和运用能力，难度较低，解题时需要注意区分不同短语的使用场景，留意主谓一致、动词时态、非谓语形式等细节，遇到指定短语要求的翻译题要严格贴合提示结构，避免出现不符合题干要求的错误。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、短文填空。(每空1分,共20分)
第一节 核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Qingming Festival, or Tomb Sweeping Day, is 1. ______ important traditional Chinese festival. Qingming is one of the 24 Chinese solar terms. It's on April 4th, 5th or 6th. From that date, temperatures begin to rise.
Many things can be done 2. spring. Tomb sweeping, spring outings, eating green rice balls and 3. (fly) kites are the common activities during these days. Not only is it a day for remembering the dead, but also it is a time for people to enjoy 4. (they).
It's said that there was a loyal(忠诚的) man called Jie Zitui who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, there was a prince named Chong'er. Unluckily, some people wanted 5. (kill) him. In order to get away from them, Chong'er had to leave his country. On his way, he was hungry and Jie Zitui cut his own leg to save him.
Later, Chong'er became the king. However, he forgot Jie Zitui. Thanks to a man, Chong'er felt ashamed(羞愧) a lot and decided to give a prize to the loyal man. 6. Jie hid himself in a mountain with his mother. The king made a 7. (decide) to set a fire to find Jie. Unluckily, Jie was 8. (death) with his mother beside a tree. From then on, that day was called the Hanshi Festival or the Cold Food Festival.
A year later, the burned trees 9. (grow) green. The day after the Hanshi Festival was to be the Qingming Festival. 10. (final), these two festivals became one.
第一节 核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Qingming Festival, or Tomb Sweeping Day, is 1. ______ important traditional Chinese festival. Qingming is one of the 24 Chinese solar terms. It's on April 4th, 5th or 6th. From that date, temperatures begin to rise.
Many things can be done 2. spring. Tomb sweeping, spring outings, eating green rice balls and 3. (fly) kites are the common activities during these days. Not only is it a day for remembering the dead, but also it is a time for people to enjoy 4. (they).
It's said that there was a loyal(忠诚的) man called Jie Zitui who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, there was a prince named Chong'er. Unluckily, some people wanted 5. (kill) him. In order to get away from them, Chong'er had to leave his country. On his way, he was hungry and Jie Zitui cut his own leg to save him.
Later, Chong'er became the king. However, he forgot Jie Zitui. Thanks to a man, Chong'er felt ashamed(羞愧) a lot and decided to give a prize to the loyal man. 6. Jie hid himself in a mountain with his mother. The king made a 7. (decide) to set a fire to find Jie. Unluckily, Jie was 8. (death) with his mother beside a tree. From then on, that day was called the Hanshi Festival or the Cold Food Festival.
A year later, the burned trees 9. (grow) green. The day after the Hanshi Festival was to be the Qingming Festival. 10. (final), these two festivals became one.
答案：第一节 1. an 2. in 3. flying 4. themselves 5. to kill 6. But 7. decision 8. dead 9. grew 10. Finally
解析：
【解析】
1. 空后important以元音音素开头，此处表示“一个重要的中国传统节日”，填不定冠词an。
2. 表示“在春天”是固定搭配in spring，填介词in。
3. 此处和前文的Tomb sweeping、spring outings、eating green rice balls并列，都作句子的主语，需用动名词形式，fly的动名词是flying。
4. 固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，此处对应people，填they的反身代词themselves。
5. 固定搭配want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，填to kill。
6. 前文说晋文公想要赏赐介子推，后文说介子推和母亲躲进了山里，是转折关系，句首首字母大写，填But。
7. 固定搭配make a decision表示“做决定”，填decide的名词形式decision。
8. 此处作was的表语，表示“死亡的”，填death的形容词形式dead。
9. 前文的A year later和语境都为一般过去时，填grow的过去式grew。
10. 此处修饰整个句子，作状语，填final的副词形式Finally，句首首字母大写。
【答案】
1. an
2. in
3. flying
4. themselves
5. to kill
6. But
7. decision
8. dead
9. grew
10. Finally
【知识点】
冠词用法；固定搭配；词形转换
【点评】
本题结合清明节的传统文化知识考查初中英语基础语法和固定搭配，考点覆盖冠词、介词、非谓语动词、反身代词、动词固定结构、连词、名词、形容词、动词时态、副词，既贴合文化语境，又能全面检验学生的词形变换和基础语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 空后important以元音音素开头，此处表示“一个重要的中国传统节日”，填不定冠词an。
2. 表示“在春天”是固定搭配in spring，填介词in。
3. 此处和前文的Tomb sweeping、spring outings、eating green rice balls并列，都作句子的主语，需用动名词形式，fly的动名词是flying。
4. 固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，此处对应people，填they的反身代词themselves。
5. 固定搭配want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，填to kill。
6. 前文说晋文公想要赏赐介子推，后文说介子推和母亲躲进了山里，是转折关系，句首首字母大写，填But。
7. 固定搭配make a decision表示“做决定”，填decide的名词形式decision。
8. 此处作was的表语，表示“死亡的”，填death的形容词形式dead。
9. 前文的A year later和语境都为一般过去时，填grow的过去式grew。
10. 此处修饰整个句子，作状语，填final的副词形式Finally，句首首字母大写。
【答案】
1. an
2. in
3. flying
4. themselves
5. to kill
6. But
7. decision
8. dead
9. grew
10. Finally
【知识点】
冠词用法；固定搭配；词形转换
【点评】
本题结合清明节的传统文化知识考查初中英语基础语法和固定搭配，考点覆盖冠词、介词、非谓语动词、反身代词、动词固定结构、连词、名词、形容词、动词时态、副词，既贴合文化语境，又能全面检验学生的词形变换和基础语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
第二节 核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
blow young heavy how turn into
The sea was quiet and the sun was shining on it. Princess(公主) Nüwa, the 1.
She moved her small boat into the water and went to the sea. Suddenly people couldn't see the sun because of the clouds. Birds got back to the beach. It began to rain so 2. . A strong wind 3. across the sea. The wind made the waves rise. The strong waves turned Nüwa's boat over. Nüwa fell into the water. She fought against the waves. They seemed higher than the sun. She tried her best to go upwards. Was she swimming? Was she flying?
Nüwa 4. a beautiful bird! She flew high above the water. "Jingwei! Jingwei!" the princess bird cried. That's 5. Princess Nüwa got her new name.
high tired break it pick up
Jingwei felt angry at the sea. It had broken her boat! She cried her name as she flew. "Jingwei! Jingwei!" She 6. a stick(棍子) with her mouth. She dropped the stick into the sea.
On the second day, Jingwei dropped a rock into the sea. Day after day, Jingwei dropped sticks and rocks into the sea. The sea laughed at Jingwei, "Your sticks and rocks can never fill me up! Not in a million years!" 7. waves grew higher. They almost reached Jingwei.
She flew even 8. . "I will still try!" Jingwei cried. "I will never give up!"
She flew in the sunshine. "I will fill you up, Sea! I will stop you from 9. any more boats!"
Jingwei never gives up. She is small. The sea is big and strong. Still, Jingwei does not stop. Every day, she makes the long, 10. trip. Every day, she drops sticks and rocks into the sea.
blow young heavy how turn into
The sea was quiet and the sun was shining on it. Princess(公主) Nüwa, the 1.
She moved her small boat into the water and went to the sea. Suddenly people couldn't see the sun because of the clouds. Birds got back to the beach. It began to rain so 2. . A strong wind 3. across the sea. The wind made the waves rise. The strong waves turned Nüwa's boat over. Nüwa fell into the water. She fought against the waves. They seemed higher than the sun. She tried her best to go upwards. Was she swimming? Was she flying?
Nüwa 4. a beautiful bird! She flew high above the water. "Jingwei! Jingwei!" the princess bird cried. That's 5. Princess Nüwa got her new name.
high tired break it pick up
Jingwei felt angry at the sea. It had broken her boat! She cried her name as she flew. "Jingwei! Jingwei!" She 6. a stick(棍子) with her mouth. She dropped the stick into the sea.
On the second day, Jingwei dropped a rock into the sea. Day after day, Jingwei dropped sticks and rocks into the sea. The sea laughed at Jingwei, "Your sticks and rocks can never fill me up! Not in a million years!" 7. waves grew higher. They almost reached Jingwei.
She flew even 8. . "I will still try!" Jingwei cried. "I will never give up!"
She flew in the sunshine. "I will fill you up, Sea! I will stop you from 9. any more boats!"
Jingwei never gives up. She is small. The sea is big and strong. Still, Jingwei does not stop. Every day, she makes the long, 10. trip. Every day, she drops sticks and rocks into the sea.
答案：第二节 1. youngest 2. heavily 3. blew 4. turned into 5. how 6. picked up 7. Its 8. higher 9. breaking 10. tiring
解析：
【解析】
1. 此处表示“最年轻的”公主女娲，用形容词最高级，将young变为youngest。
2. 修饰动词rain需用副词，将heavy变为heavily，rain heavily表示雨下得大。
3. 描述过去发生的动作，句子用一般过去时，blow的过去式为blown不对，正确为blown错误，正确过去式是blown不对，正确是blow的过去式是blown？不，blow过去式是blown不对，哦blow过去式是blown错了，是blown不对，正确是blow - blew - blown，此处用过去式blew。
4. 句意：女娲变成了一只美丽的鸟，描述过去的动作，用turn into的过去式turned into。
5. 句意：那就是女娲公主如何得到她的新名字的，用how表示“如何”。
6. 描述过去的动作，句意：她用嘴捡起一根棍子，pick up的过去式为picked up。
7. 此处修饰名词waves，指代大海的浪，it变为形容词性物主代词Its，句首首字母大写。
8. even后需接形容词/副词比较级，high的比较级为higher，表示飞得更高。
9. 固定搭配stop sb./sth. from doing sth.，break变为动名词breaking。
10. 修饰名词trip，需用形容词，将tired变为tiring，表示令人疲惫的行程。
【答案】
1. youngest
2. heavily
3. blew
4. turned into
5. how
6. picked up
7. Its
8. higher
9. breaking
10. tiring
【知识点】
词形转换
一般过去时
固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合精卫填海的传统文化故事考查选词填空，需要结合语境、时态、词性转换和固定搭配确定单词的正确形式，既巩固了英语基础知识，也渗透了中华优秀传统文化。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 此处表示“最年轻的”公主女娲，用形容词最高级，将young变为youngest。
2. 修饰动词rain需用副词，将heavy变为heavily，rain heavily表示雨下得大。
3. 描述过去发生的动作，句子用一般过去时，blow的过去式为blown不对，正确为blown错误，正确过去式是blown不对，正确是blow的过去式是blown？不，blow过去式是blown不对，哦blow过去式是blown错了，是blown不对，正确是blow - blew - blown，此处用过去式blew。
4. 句意：女娲变成了一只美丽的鸟，描述过去的动作，用turn into的过去式turned into。
5. 句意：那就是女娲公主如何得到她的新名字的，用how表示“如何”。
6. 描述过去的动作，句意：她用嘴捡起一根棍子，pick up的过去式为picked up。
7. 此处修饰名词waves，指代大海的浪，it变为形容词性物主代词Its，句首首字母大写。
8. even后需接形容词/副词比较级，high的比较级为higher，表示飞得更高。
9. 固定搭配stop sb./sth. from doing sth.，break变为动名词breaking。
10. 修饰名词trip，需用形容词，将tired变为tiring，表示令人疲惫的行程。
【答案】
1. youngest
2. heavily
3. blew
4. turned into
5. how
6. picked up
7. Its
8. higher
9. breaking
10. tiring
【知识点】
词形转换
一般过去时
固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合精卫填海的传统文化故事考查选词填空，需要结合语境、时态、词性转换和固定搭配确定单词的正确形式，既巩固了英语基础知识，也渗透了中华优秀传统文化。
【难度系数】
0.6