B 外刊视野
Taking part in a "citizen science" project can help you feel part of a kind group and do your bit to help protect the planet.
These are projects led by scientists and supported by the public, and can include anything from watching the stars to watching whales. You don't need to be an expert to join in—anyone can be a citizen scientist. By counting, watching and listening, citizen scientists collect information that helps professional scientists and researchers understand the world better. This important information can also show communities, businesses and governments how they can do more to protect the planet.
A citizen scientist works as part of a team to solve problems and make new discoveries. This isn't just great for the planet—it's good for you too. Teamwork helps you learn new skills and feel connected with others. Research shows it also makes you feel happier and more confident. Taking action on a problem that's important to you means you're helping to find a solution—and you know you're not dealing with it alone.
It's easy to take part in a citizen science project—you can even do it from your window. The Big Garden Birdwatch in January means spending one hour counting the number of birds you see. Your results help scientists learn about bird species in the UK.
If you're interested in insects, ask an adult to help you use the "Seek by iNaturalist" app, which tells you the names of plants and insects and adds your findings to a worldwide survey. The Natural History Museum has lots of citizen science projects for newcomers, so ask an adult to help you look up its website.
(素材选自 The Week Junior USA)
(
A. To make money from scientific research.
B. To travel and explore wildlife personally.
C. To become a professional scientist quickly.
D. To feel connected to others and protect the Earth.
(
A. They only include animal-watching projects.
B. They cover many different scientific research areas.
C. They mainly focus on the study of stars and whales.
D. They only include projects that need simple counting skills.
(
A. Training programs for new scientists.
B. A local bird-counting event in January.
C. A worldwide survey of plants and insects.
D. Government policies for planet protection.
(
A. To ask the government for more support for science study.
B. To introduce "citizen science" projects and inspire people to join in.
C. To describe a specific event like the Big Garden Birdwatch.
D. To make people feel happy with humorous stories about science.
(
Taking part in a "citizen science" project can help you feel part of a kind group and do your bit to help protect the planet.
These are projects led by scientists and supported by the public, and can include anything from watching the stars to watching whales. You don't need to be an expert to join in—anyone can be a citizen scientist. By counting, watching and listening, citizen scientists collect information that helps professional scientists and researchers understand the world better. This important information can also show communities, businesses and governments how they can do more to protect the planet.
A citizen scientist works as part of a team to solve problems and make new discoveries. This isn't just great for the planet—it's good for you too. Teamwork helps you learn new skills and feel connected with others. Research shows it also makes you feel happier and more confident. Taking action on a problem that's important to you means you're helping to find a solution—and you know you're not dealing with it alone.
It's easy to take part in a citizen science project—you can even do it from your window. The Big Garden Birdwatch in January means spending one hour counting the number of birds you see. Your results help scientists learn about bird species in the UK.
If you're interested in insects, ask an adult to help you use the "Seek by iNaturalist" app, which tells you the names of plants and insects and adds your findings to a worldwide survey. The Natural History Museum has lots of citizen science projects for newcomers, so ask an adult to help you look up its website.
(素材选自 The Week Junior USA)
(
D
)6. What is a key reason for joining in citizen science projects?A. To make money from scientific research.
B. To travel and explore wildlife personally.
C. To become a professional scientist quickly.
D. To feel connected to others and protect the Earth.
(
B
)7. What can we learn about the kinds of citizen science projects from Paragraph 2?A. They only include animal-watching projects.
B. They cover many different scientific research areas.
C. They mainly focus on the study of stars and whales.
D. They only include projects that need simple counting skills.
(
C
)8. If someone uses the "Seek by iNaturalist" app, what is he directly contributing to?A. Training programs for new scientists.
B. A local bird-counting event in January.
C. A worldwide survey of plants and insects.
D. Government policies for planet protection.
(
B
)9. What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage?A. To ask the government for more support for science study.
B. To introduce "citizen science" projects and inspire people to join in.
C. To describe a specific event like the Big Garden Birdwatch.
D. To make people feel happy with humorous stories about science.
(
C
)10. (创新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?答案：6. D 推理判断题。由第一段可知,加入"公民科学"项目能带来归属感并为环保作贡献。
7. B 推理判断题。由第二段中"These are projects ... include anything from watching the stars to watching whales."可知,"公民科学"项目涵盖多种科研领域。
8. C 细节理解题。由最后一段中 which tells you the names of plants and insects and adds your findings to a worldwide survey 可知,如果使用该应用软件,会对世界范围的植物与昆虫调查作贡献。
9. B 推理判断题。本文介绍什么是"公民科学"项目、参与该项目活动的好处以及如何成为一名公民科学家,由此可知,本文写作目的是介绍"公民科学"项目并激励人们参与其中。
10. C 篇章结构题。第一段给出全文话题;第二段介绍什么是公民科学;第三段谈及参与项目的好处;第四、五段告诉读者如何成为公民科学家。故本文结构为①/②/③/④⑤。
7. B 推理判断题。由第二段中"These are projects ... include anything from watching the stars to watching whales."可知,"公民科学"项目涵盖多种科研领域。
8. C 细节理解题。由最后一段中 which tells you the names of plants and insects and adds your findings to a worldwide survey 可知,如果使用该应用软件,会对世界范围的植物与昆虫调查作贡献。
9. B 推理判断题。本文介绍什么是"公民科学"项目、参与该项目活动的好处以及如何成为一名公民科学家,由此可知,本文写作目的是介绍"公民科学"项目并激励人们参与其中。
10. C 篇章结构题。第一段给出全文话题;第二段介绍什么是公民科学;第三段谈及参与项目的好处;第四、五段告诉读者如何成为公民科学家。故本文结构为①/②/③/④⑤。
解析：
【分析】
解这篇阅读题时可以分两步走：首先处理6-9题，带着每道题干的关键词回到原文对应段落定位，将选项和原文信息逐一比对，排除不符合原文的错误选项得到答案；之后处理第10道篇章结构创新题，先逐段概括段落的核心作用：第1段开篇直接引出“公民科学项目”的核心话题，是全文的总起引入段；第2段专门解释公民科学项目的定义、覆盖范围；第3段介绍参与该项目的各类好处；第4、5段都在讲解普通人可以参与的具体项目、参与途径，属于同一类内容，因此全文结构为总起段①下设三个并列部分：独立段落②、独立段落③、合并的段落④⑤，匹配对应的结构图就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
6. 细节推理题：定位原文第一段“Taking part in a "citizen science" project can help you feel part of a kind group and do your bit to help protect the planet.”，可知参与项目的核心原因是获得群体归属感、为保护地球出力，A“靠科研赚钱”、B“旅行探索野生动物”、C“快速成为专业科学家”原文均未提及，因此选D。
7. 细节推理题：定位原文第二段“can include anything from watching the stars to watching whales”，说明公民科学项目覆盖从观星到观鲸等大量不同的科研领域，A“仅包含动物观察项目”、C“主要聚焦星和鲸鱼的研究”、D“仅包含需要简单计数技能的项目”表述均不符合原文内容，因此选B。
8. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段“which tells you the names of plants and insects and adds your findings to a worldwide survey”，可知使用该APP后，你的发现会被纳入全球植物和昆虫调查，直接为该调查做贡献，因此选C。
9. 主旨推理题：全文依次介绍了公民科学项目的定义、参与的益处、普通人的参与途径，写作目的是向读者介绍公民科学项目，鼓励大家参与，A“向政府索要更多科研支持”、C“仅介绍观鸟这类特定活动”、D“用科学幽默故事让读者开心”均不符合原文主旨，因此选B。
10. 篇章结构题：梳理全文段落逻辑：第1段总起引出话题，第2段介绍项目定义属性，第3段介绍参与项目的好处，第4、5段共同介绍具体参与方式，因此结构为总起段①下设三个并列分支：②、③、④⑤，对应选项C的结构图。
【答案】
6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
细节信息定位，篇章结构梳理，说明文阅读
【点评】
本题是科普类说明文阅读，考点覆盖细节理解、推理判断、篇章结构，其中篇章结构的创新考法跳出了常规细节考查的局限，引导学生从整体层面梳理文章行文逻辑，避免碎片化阅读，难度梯度设置合理，能有效考查学生的综合阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.65
解这篇阅读题时可以分两步走：首先处理6-9题，带着每道题干的关键词回到原文对应段落定位，将选项和原文信息逐一比对，排除不符合原文的错误选项得到答案；之后处理第10道篇章结构创新题，先逐段概括段落的核心作用：第1段开篇直接引出“公民科学项目”的核心话题，是全文的总起引入段；第2段专门解释公民科学项目的定义、覆盖范围；第3段介绍参与该项目的各类好处；第4、5段都在讲解普通人可以参与的具体项目、参与途径，属于同一类内容，因此全文结构为总起段①下设三个并列部分：独立段落②、独立段落③、合并的段落④⑤，匹配对应的结构图就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
6. 细节推理题：定位原文第一段“Taking part in a "citizen science" project can help you feel part of a kind group and do your bit to help protect the planet.”，可知参与项目的核心原因是获得群体归属感、为保护地球出力，A“靠科研赚钱”、B“旅行探索野生动物”、C“快速成为专业科学家”原文均未提及，因此选D。
7. 细节推理题：定位原文第二段“can include anything from watching the stars to watching whales”，说明公民科学项目覆盖从观星到观鲸等大量不同的科研领域，A“仅包含动物观察项目”、C“主要聚焦星和鲸鱼的研究”、D“仅包含需要简单计数技能的项目”表述均不符合原文内容，因此选B。
8. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段“which tells you the names of plants and insects and adds your findings to a worldwide survey”，可知使用该APP后，你的发现会被纳入全球植物和昆虫调查，直接为该调查做贡献，因此选C。
9. 主旨推理题：全文依次介绍了公民科学项目的定义、参与的益处、普通人的参与途径，写作目的是向读者介绍公民科学项目，鼓励大家参与，A“向政府索要更多科研支持”、C“仅介绍观鸟这类特定活动”、D“用科学幽默故事让读者开心”均不符合原文主旨，因此选B。
10. 篇章结构题：梳理全文段落逻辑：第1段总起引出话题，第2段介绍项目定义属性，第3段介绍参与项目的好处，第4、5段共同介绍具体参与方式，因此结构为总起段①下设三个并列分支：②、③、④⑤，对应选项C的结构图。
【答案】
6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
细节信息定位，篇章结构梳理，说明文阅读
【点评】
本题是科普类说明文阅读，考点覆盖细节理解、推理判断、篇章结构，其中篇章结构的创新考法跳出了常规细节考查的局限，引导学生从整体层面梳理文章行文逻辑，避免碎片化阅读，难度梯度设置合理，能有效考查学生的综合阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.65