第二节 核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
plenty of take luck easy mind introduce be good at interest kind happy
"Birds of a feather flock together." is a popular sentence in English. It usually describes how people of similar 1.
During the Warring States Period, a famous scholar(学者) of the Qi State, named Chunyu Kun, 3.
plenty of take luck easy mind introduce be good at interest kind happy
"Birds of a feather flock together." is a popular sentence in English. It usually describes how people of similar 1.
minds
like to fall into the same group. In the Chinese language, it means "Wu Yi Lei Ju", or "Things of a kind come together.". This sentence has an 2. interesting
and meaningful Chinese story.During the Warring States Period, a famous scholar(学者) of the Qi State, named Chunyu Kun, 3.
was good at
giving talks. King Xuan of the Qi State loved to get many talented(有天赋的) scholars around. One day, the king asked Chunyu 4. to introduce
more talents to the state. Chunyu said that would not be hard at all. The next morning, he brought seven talented scholars to see the king. It was the 5. happiest
moment for the king but he really wondered how Chunyu could find so many talented scholars in such a short time. So he asked Chunyu at once, "Someone would be 6. lucky
to find one excellent scholar for every 1,000 square kilometres or find one sage(圣贤) every 100 years. How could you find seven great persons for me so 7. easily
?" Chunyu answered, "Dear King, it 8. takes
millions of years to find dry crops in a wet and low-lying(低洼的) field, while you can find 9. plenty of
them on a highland. Animals of the same kind often move around in a team, and birds of the same type often fly together. You ordered me to search for talented people of my 10. kind
, so it's as easy as getting water from a big river." Since then, "Wu Yi Lei Ju" has found its way into Chinese as a popular idiom.答案：第二节
1. minds
2. interesting
3. was good at
4. to introduce
5. happiest
6. lucky
7. easily
8. takes
9. plenty of
10. kind
1. minds
2. interesting
3. was good at
4. to introduce
5. happiest
6. lucky
7. easily
8. takes
9. plenty of
10. kind
解析：
【分析】
这是英语短文选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，明确文章围绕成语“物以类聚”的典故展开，把握整体语境和时态基调；2. 梳理方框内所有给定词汇/短语的词性和含义，预判可变形的方向；3. 按照先易后难的顺序，结合空格前后的搭配要求、句子逻辑、语法规则判断所需词性，对词汇进行正确变形；4. 全部填完后通读全文，验证语义通顺、语法无误。
【解析】
1. 第一空：句意为它通常描述想法相似的人喜欢聚在一起。空格前有形容词similar修饰可数名词，此处指代人们的想法，mind作“思想、想法”讲时是可数名词，对应主语people要用复数形式，填minds。
2. 第二空：句意为这个句子有一个有趣且有意义的中文故事。空格和meaningful并列修饰名词story，需要把名词interest变为修饰事物的形容词interesting，填interesting。
3. 第三空：句意为战国时期齐国的著名学者淳于髡擅长游说。主语是历史人物，后面接动名词giving talks，结合语境是过去发生的事，用短语be good at的过去式，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，填was good at。
4. 第四空：句意为有一天齐王让淳于髡给国家引荐更多人才。此处符合固定搭配ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，结合句意“引荐”，填to introduce。
5. 第五空：句意为这是国王最开心的时刻，但他确实很疑惑淳于髡怎么能在这么短的时间找到这么多人才。空格前有定冠词the，修饰名词moment，需要把happy变为形容词最高级happiest，填happiest。
6. 第六空：句意为每一千平方公里找到一个优秀学者，或者每一百年找到一个圣贤，人们就已经很幸运了。此处符合固定搭配be lucky to do sth“很幸运做某事”，需要把名词luck变为形容词lucky，填lucky。
7. 第七空：句意为你怎么能这么轻易地给我找到7个优秀的人？空格修饰动词find，需要把形容词easy变为副词easily，意为“轻易地”，填easily。
8. 第八空：句意为在低洼潮湿的田地里找干庄稼要花数百万年。此处符合固定句型it takes +时间+ to do sth“做某事花费……时间”，表述客观道理用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，动词take变为takes，填takes。
9. 第九空：句意为但在高地上你能找到大量的干庄稼。结合句意“大量的”，直接使用给定短语plenty of，填plenty of。
10. 第十空：句意为你命令我寻找和我同类的人才。此处of my kind表示“和我同类型的”，使用原词kind，填kind。
【答案】
1. minds
2. interesting
3. was good at
4. to introduce
5. happiest
6. lucky
7. easily
8. takes
9. plenty of
10. kind
【知识点】
词性转换，固定搭配，时态辨析
【点评】
本题将英语选词填空考点和中华传统成语典故文化结合，既考察学生对基础语法的掌握，也渗透了文化素养，考点覆盖形容词最高级、副词修饰动词、非谓语动词等核心知识点，需要学生结合上下文语义判断变形，区分易混的形容词和副词形式，考察维度比较全面。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是英语短文选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，明确文章围绕成语“物以类聚”的典故展开，把握整体语境和时态基调；2. 梳理方框内所有给定词汇/短语的词性和含义，预判可变形的方向；3. 按照先易后难的顺序，结合空格前后的搭配要求、句子逻辑、语法规则判断所需词性，对词汇进行正确变形；4. 全部填完后通读全文，验证语义通顺、语法无误。
【解析】
1. 第一空：句意为它通常描述想法相似的人喜欢聚在一起。空格前有形容词similar修饰可数名词，此处指代人们的想法，mind作“思想、想法”讲时是可数名词，对应主语people要用复数形式，填minds。
2. 第二空：句意为这个句子有一个有趣且有意义的中文故事。空格和meaningful并列修饰名词story，需要把名词interest变为修饰事物的形容词interesting，填interesting。
3. 第三空：句意为战国时期齐国的著名学者淳于髡擅长游说。主语是历史人物，后面接动名词giving talks，结合语境是过去发生的事，用短语be good at的过去式，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，填was good at。
4. 第四空：句意为有一天齐王让淳于髡给国家引荐更多人才。此处符合固定搭配ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，结合句意“引荐”，填to introduce。
5. 第五空：句意为这是国王最开心的时刻，但他确实很疑惑淳于髡怎么能在这么短的时间找到这么多人才。空格前有定冠词the，修饰名词moment，需要把happy变为形容词最高级happiest，填happiest。
6. 第六空：句意为每一千平方公里找到一个优秀学者，或者每一百年找到一个圣贤，人们就已经很幸运了。此处符合固定搭配be lucky to do sth“很幸运做某事”，需要把名词luck变为形容词lucky，填lucky。
7. 第七空：句意为你怎么能这么轻易地给我找到7个优秀的人？空格修饰动词find，需要把形容词easy变为副词easily，意为“轻易地”，填easily。
8. 第八空：句意为在低洼潮湿的田地里找干庄稼要花数百万年。此处符合固定句型it takes +时间+ to do sth“做某事花费……时间”，表述客观道理用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，动词take变为takes，填takes。
9. 第九空：句意为但在高地上你能找到大量的干庄稼。结合句意“大量的”，直接使用给定短语plenty of，填plenty of。
10. 第十空：句意为你命令我寻找和我同类的人才。此处of my kind表示“和我同类型的”，使用原词kind，填kind。
【答案】
1. minds
2. interesting
3. was good at
4. to introduce
5. happiest
6. lucky
7. easily
8. takes
9. plenty of
10. kind
【知识点】
词性转换，固定搭配，时态辨析
【点评】
本题将英语选词填空考点和中华传统成语典故文化结合，既考察学生对基础语法的掌握，也渗透了文化素养，考点覆盖形容词最高级、副词修饰动词、非谓语动词等核心知识点，需要学生结合上下文语义判断变形，区分易混的形容词和副词形式，考察维度比较全面。
【难度系数】
0.6
七、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 任务型阅读。(每小题2分,共10分)
Yu Boya was a music master who played the guqin. He had been learning from nature to create beautiful music.
Once, he took a boat trip to the state of Chu. Along the way, the river water rushed toward the east, leaving the high mountains behind. Inspired by this, Yu took out his guqin and began to play. After a while, he noticed a woodsman(樵夫) standing on the riverbank, enjoying his music quietly.
Yu happily invited the man to the boat. The woodsman introduced himself, "My name is Zhong Ziqi." After that, Yu would play the guqin for Zhong. He played music that described the high mountains. Zhong said, "How wonderful it is! I seem to see the great Taishan Mountain."
He played music that described the flowing water. Zhong said, "How wonderful it is! I seem to see the rushing river."
Yu was surprised by the woodsman's words. "You really understand my music."
So the musician and the woodsman became good friends. They decided to meet each other again at the same place the following year. When that time came, Yu arrived on time, but he did not see Zhong. He visited the village where Zhong lived and heard that his friend had died of an illness.
Yu felt very sad. He took out his guqin and once again played the music of the "High Mountains and Flowing Water".
"My best friend has passed away," he said. "No one in the world understands my music anymore." He then broke his guqin and never played it again.
根据短文内容回答问题,每题答案不超过10个词。
1. How could Yu Boya create beautiful music?
2. How did Yu Boya feel when he found Zhong Ziqi could understand his music?
3. What did they decide to do the following year?
4. Why did Yu Boya break his guqin?
5. What do you think "High Mountains and Flowing Water" represents(代表)?
Yu Boya was a music master who played the guqin. He had been learning from nature to create beautiful music.
Once, he took a boat trip to the state of Chu. Along the way, the river water rushed toward the east, leaving the high mountains behind. Inspired by this, Yu took out his guqin and began to play. After a while, he noticed a woodsman(樵夫) standing on the riverbank, enjoying his music quietly.
Yu happily invited the man to the boat. The woodsman introduced himself, "My name is Zhong Ziqi." After that, Yu would play the guqin for Zhong. He played music that described the high mountains. Zhong said, "How wonderful it is! I seem to see the great Taishan Mountain."
He played music that described the flowing water. Zhong said, "How wonderful it is! I seem to see the rushing river."
Yu was surprised by the woodsman's words. "You really understand my music."
So the musician and the woodsman became good friends. They decided to meet each other again at the same place the following year. When that time came, Yu arrived on time, but he did not see Zhong. He visited the village where Zhong lived and heard that his friend had died of an illness.
Yu felt very sad. He took out his guqin and once again played the music of the "High Mountains and Flowing Water".
"My best friend has passed away," he said. "No one in the world understands my music anymore." He then broke his guqin and never played it again.
根据短文内容回答问题,每题答案不超过10个词。
1. How could Yu Boya create beautiful music?
By learning from nature.
2. How did Yu Boya feel when he found Zhong Ziqi could understand his music?
He felt surprised.
3. What did they decide to do the following year?
Meet each other again at the same place.
4. Why did Yu Boya break his guqin?
Because Zhong Ziqi passed away and nobody understood his music.
5. What do you think "High Mountains and Flowing Water" represents(代表)?
It represents true friendship and understanding.(言之有理即可)
答案：1. By learning from nature.
2. He felt surprised.
3. Meet each other again at the same place.
4. Because Zhong Ziqi passed away and nobody understood his music.
5. It represents true friendship and understanding.(言之有理即可)
2. He felt surprised.
3. Meet each other again at the same place.
4. Because Zhong Ziqi passed away and nobody understood his music.
5. It represents true friendship and understanding.(言之有理即可)
解析：
【分析】
这是结合中华传统典故的任务型阅读题，解题思路非常清晰：首先明确题干要求所有答案不超过10个词，之后带着每道题的核心关键词回到原文精准定位，找到对应的原文语句后，提炼出符合问题要求、字数合规的内容即可。第1题抓关键词"create beautiful music"回原文第一段定位；第2题抓关键词"Zhong Ziqi could understand his music"回原文找情绪描述；第3题抓"the following year"定位两人的约定内容；第4题抓"break his guqin"定位文末的原因描述；第5题结合高山流水的知音典故，提炼出它代表的含义即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段"He had been learning from nature to create beautiful music."，可知俞伯牙创作美妙音乐的方式是向自然学习，整理后得到符合字数要求的答案。
2. 定位原文第五段"Yu was surprised by the woodsman's words. 'You really understand my music.'"，可知俞伯牙发现钟子期能听懂他的音乐时感到很惊讶。
3. 定位原文第六段"They decided to meet each other again at the same place the following year."，直接提取两人约定的内容即可。
4. 定位原文最后一段伯牙的表述"My best friend has passed away... No one in the world understands my music anymore."，整合得到摔琴的原因。
5. 该故事是经典的"高山流水遇知音"典故，二人是彼此懂对方音乐的挚友，因此"高山流水"代表真挚的友谊与互相理解，表述合理即可。
【答案】
1. By learning from nature.
2. He felt surprised.
3. Meet each other again at the same place.
4. Because Zhong Ziqi passed away and nobody understood his music.
5. It represents true friendship and understanding.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位
传统文化典故理解
信息精简归纳
【点评】
本题结合中华优秀传统文化中"高山流水遇知音"的经典典故出题，既考查学生在阅读中快速定位细节、提炼精简信息的英语阅读能力，也引导学生了解传统知音文化，开放类设问还能锻炼学生的文化认知与表达能力，设问难度梯度合理，符合核心素养的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是结合中华传统典故的任务型阅读题，解题思路非常清晰：首先明确题干要求所有答案不超过10个词，之后带着每道题的核心关键词回到原文精准定位，找到对应的原文语句后，提炼出符合问题要求、字数合规的内容即可。第1题抓关键词"create beautiful music"回原文第一段定位；第2题抓关键词"Zhong Ziqi could understand his music"回原文找情绪描述；第3题抓"the following year"定位两人的约定内容；第4题抓"break his guqin"定位文末的原因描述；第5题结合高山流水的知音典故，提炼出它代表的含义即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段"He had been learning from nature to create beautiful music."，可知俞伯牙创作美妙音乐的方式是向自然学习，整理后得到符合字数要求的答案。
2. 定位原文第五段"Yu was surprised by the woodsman's words. 'You really understand my music.'"，可知俞伯牙发现钟子期能听懂他的音乐时感到很惊讶。
3. 定位原文第六段"They decided to meet each other again at the same place the following year."，直接提取两人约定的内容即可。
4. 定位原文最后一段伯牙的表述"My best friend has passed away... No one in the world understands my music anymore."，整合得到摔琴的原因。
5. 该故事是经典的"高山流水遇知音"典故，二人是彼此懂对方音乐的挚友，因此"高山流水"代表真挚的友谊与互相理解，表述合理即可。
【答案】
1. By learning from nature.
2. He felt surprised.
3. Meet each other again at the same place.
4. Because Zhong Ziqi passed away and nobody understood his music.
5. It represents true friendship and understanding.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位
传统文化典故理解
信息精简归纳
【点评】
本题结合中华优秀传统文化中"高山流水遇知音"的经典典故出题，既考查学生在阅读中快速定位细节、提炼精简信息的英语阅读能力，也引导学生了解传统知音文化，开放类设问还能锻炼学生的文化认知与表达能力，设问难度梯度合理，符合核心素养的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.7