四、青少年在成长过程中会遇到很多挑战，比如如何交朋友。阅读下文，学一学如何在学校交朋友！选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have friends? How many friends do you have?
Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about something that brings you happiness. 1 But maybe making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you're a naturally shy person.
2 Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you!
The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast(胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying "Stay away from me!" 3
On the other hand, if you're feeling confident, you can try and approach someone. Just say "Hi, do you mind if I sit here?" 4
After that, continue the conversation by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you've read or has something that interests you. 5 If you follow the advice, you can make friends easily.
A. It is a great way to break the ice.
B. So how can you make new friends?
C. This will give you something fun to talk about.
D. Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you.
E. You can also share your problems and support each other.
F. Instead, smile naturally if someone approaches(靠近) you.
G. You don't need to care if your friends are the same as you or different.
Do you have friends? How many friends do you have?
Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about something that brings you happiness. 1 But maybe making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you're a naturally shy person.
2 Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you!
The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast(胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying "Stay away from me!" 3
On the other hand, if you're feeling confident, you can try and approach someone. Just say "Hi, do you mind if I sit here?" 4
After that, continue the conversation by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you've read or has something that interests you. 5 If you follow the advice, you can make friends easily.
A. It is a great way to break the ice.
B. So how can you make new friends?
C. This will give you something fun to talk about.
D. Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you.
E. You can also share your problems and support each other.
F. Instead, smile naturally if someone approaches(靠近) you.
G. You don't need to care if your friends are the same as you or different.
答案：1-5 EBFAC
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇主题为校园交友方法的七选五阅读题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是给害羞的学生提供在校交新朋友的实用建议。接下来逐空定位前后文内容，梳理逻辑关联：第一空前文在列举拥有好友的好处、朋友间的互动行为，需要找能顺承该内容的选项；第二空前文指出交新朋友不容易，后文直接给出多条建议，需要找起到承上启下过渡作用的问句；第三空前文描述了会劝退他人的错误肢体语言，需要找和前文形成对比的正确肢体语言相关内容；第四空前文描述主动上前搭话的具体行为，需要找对该行为的合理评价；第五空前文提到交友时要找双方的共同点，需要找说明找共同点作用的选项，最后排除和上下文逻辑不匹配的两个多余选项，验证全篇通顺即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文提到拥有好友时“你可以聊能给你带来快乐的事”，是在列举好友之间的互动场景，E选项“你也可以分享问题、互相支持”是对朋友间互动内容的顺承补充，逻辑连贯，符合语境。
2. 第二空：前文点明对于害羞的人来说在校交新朋友并不容易，后文直接引出多条交友相关的建议，B选项“那么你要如何交到新朋友呢？”起到承上启下的过渡作用，自然引出下文的建议内容。
3. 第三空：前文描述了抱臂、戴耳机这类会向他人传递“离我远点”信号的错误肢体语言，F选项“相反，如果有人靠近你，自然地微笑”给出了正向的、能展现友好的正确肢体语言建议，和前文内容形成鲜明对比，衔接合理。
4. 第四空：前文给出自信时可以主动上前搭话，询问对方“你介意我坐在这里吗”的具体做法，A选项“这是打破僵局的好方法”里的指示代词It就指代前文的主动搭话行为，对该做法的作用做出说明，衔接自然。
5. 第五空：前文提到聊天时要找双方的共同点，比如对方在读你也看过的书、有你感兴趣的物品，C选项“这会给你提供有意思的聊天内容”顺承说明寻找共同点的作用，符合语境逻辑。
【答案】
1-5 EBFAC
【知识点】
七选五阅读
语篇逻辑衔接
语境推理判断
【点评】
本题选取贴近学生日常校园生活的交友主题，考点集中在对上下文顺承、对比、指代等逻辑关系的考查，干扰项和文章核心内容的匹配度较低，学生只要抓住每处空格前后的关键提示信息，就可以快速锁定正确选项，整体难度不高。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇主题为校园交友方法的七选五阅读题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是给害羞的学生提供在校交新朋友的实用建议。接下来逐空定位前后文内容，梳理逻辑关联：第一空前文在列举拥有好友的好处、朋友间的互动行为，需要找能顺承该内容的选项；第二空前文指出交新朋友不容易，后文直接给出多条建议，需要找起到承上启下过渡作用的问句；第三空前文描述了会劝退他人的错误肢体语言，需要找和前文形成对比的正确肢体语言相关内容；第四空前文描述主动上前搭话的具体行为，需要找对该行为的合理评价；第五空前文提到交友时要找双方的共同点，需要找说明找共同点作用的选项，最后排除和上下文逻辑不匹配的两个多余选项，验证全篇通顺即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文提到拥有好友时“你可以聊能给你带来快乐的事”，是在列举好友之间的互动场景，E选项“你也可以分享问题、互相支持”是对朋友间互动内容的顺承补充，逻辑连贯，符合语境。
2. 第二空：前文点明对于害羞的人来说在校交新朋友并不容易，后文直接引出多条交友相关的建议，B选项“那么你要如何交到新朋友呢？”起到承上启下的过渡作用，自然引出下文的建议内容。
3. 第三空：前文描述了抱臂、戴耳机这类会向他人传递“离我远点”信号的错误肢体语言，F选项“相反，如果有人靠近你，自然地微笑”给出了正向的、能展现友好的正确肢体语言建议，和前文内容形成鲜明对比，衔接合理。
4. 第四空：前文给出自信时可以主动上前搭话，询问对方“你介意我坐在这里吗”的具体做法，A选项“这是打破僵局的好方法”里的指示代词It就指代前文的主动搭话行为，对该做法的作用做出说明，衔接自然。
5. 第五空：前文提到聊天时要找双方的共同点，比如对方在读你也看过的书、有你感兴趣的物品，C选项“这会给你提供有意思的聊天内容”顺承说明寻找共同点的作用，符合语境逻辑。
【答案】
1-5 EBFAC
【知识点】
七选五阅读
语篇逻辑衔接
语境推理判断
【点评】
本题选取贴近学生日常校园生活的交友主题，考点集中在对上下文顺承、对比、指代等逻辑关系的考查，干扰项和文章核心内容的匹配度较低，学生只要抓住每处空格前后的关键提示信息，就可以快速锁定正确选项，整体难度不高。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、随着科技的发展，人工智能在青少年成长过程中也有一定的帮助。下文介绍了人工智能通过各种方式帮助学生学习，快来读一读吧！
（2025·南京市鼓楼区四校期末联考）AI can help teenagers and students learn in several ways.
Personalized learning: AI can know better about students, including their advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites, learning needs, and so on. Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student. This can help students focus on areas that they need to improve at their own speed.
Interactive（交互的）learning: AI has the ability to make learning more interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What's more, they can make students interested in a subject at once. There's no doubt that this kind of active learning is more helpful than studying alone.
Automated（自动的）advice and help: AI can give automated advice and answers to questions. It can examine students' work and offer personalized help. For example, ChatGPT can answer students' questions quickly in a private, low-pressure（低压的）way. This kind of advice and answers can help students better understand knowledge and use their knowledge.
Greater resources: AI can enrich many of the students' learning resources, like electronic textbooks, online courses, and study apps. For example, a Biology textbook with AI technology may provide interactive 3D models of a human body that students can study more carefully. AI can provide interactive examples, introduce important passages, and offer assessments（评价）.
In a word, AI has a great ability to improve studying and learning. By using AI, students can study in a smarter way and reach higher levels of learning and success. The future of AI in education is hopeful as technologies continue to develop.
分层设问
1. How can AI create a proper learning plan for each student?
2. Why is active learning with AI more helpful than studying alone?
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
（2025·南京市鼓楼区四校期末联考）AI can help teenagers and students learn in several ways.
Personalized learning: AI can know better about students, including their advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites, learning needs, and so on. Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student. This can help students focus on areas that they need to improve at their own speed.
Interactive（交互的）learning: AI has the ability to make learning more interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What's more, they can make students interested in a subject at once. There's no doubt that this kind of active learning is more helpful than studying alone.
Automated（自动的）advice and help: AI can give automated advice and answers to questions. It can examine students' work and offer personalized help. For example, ChatGPT can answer students' questions quickly in a private, low-pressure（低压的）way. This kind of advice and answers can help students better understand knowledge and use their knowledge.
Greater resources: AI can enrich many of the students' learning resources, like electronic textbooks, online courses, and study apps. For example, a Biology textbook with AI technology may provide interactive 3D models of a human body that students can study more carefully. AI can provide interactive examples, introduce important passages, and offer assessments（评价）.
In a word, AI has a great ability to improve studying and learning. By using AI, students can study in a smarter way and reach higher levels of learning and success. The future of AI in education is hopeful as technologies continue to develop.
分层设问
1. How can AI create a proper learning plan for each student?
By knowing about students' advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites, learning needs and so on.
2. Why is active learning with AI more helpful than studying alone?
Because it makes learning more interactive and interesting and gets students interested in a subject quickly.
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
AI can help students learn in several ways and has a hopeful future in education.
答案：1. plans
2. speed
3. interest
4. sure/certain
5. provided
6. stressed
7. richer
8. carefully
9. help/tool
10. hopeful
【分层设问】 1. By knowing about students'
advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites,
learning needs and so on. 2. Because it makes
learning more interactive and interesting and gets
students interested in a subject quickly. 3. AI can
help students learn in several ways and has a hopeful
future in education.
2. speed
3. interest
4. sure/certain
5. provided
6. stressed
7. richer
8. carefully
9. help/tool
10. hopeful
【分层设问】 1. By knowing about students'
advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites,
learning needs and so on. 2. Because it makes
learning more interactive and interesting and gets
students interested in a subject quickly. 3. AI can
help students learn in several ways and has a hopeful
future in education.
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇说明文类阅读问答题，解题思路如下：1. 先明确每个题干的提问方向，带着问题回原文精准定位对应段落；2. 细节题直接从定位段落中提取匹配的原文信息，稍加整理即可得到答案；3. 主旨题需要结合文章首段总起、中间分点论述、尾段总结的结构，整合核心内容得出结论。第一题提问AI制定个性化学习计划的方式，直接对应个性化学习板块的前两句内容；第二题提问AI辅助的主动学习比独自学习更有效的原因，对应交互学习板块的核心描述；第三题主旨题需要把开篇总论点和结尾对AI教育未来的补充说明结合起来，避免遗漏核心信息。
【解析】
2. 定位至"Interactive learning"板块内容："AI has the ability to make learning more interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What's more, they can make students interested in a subject at once. There's no doubt that this kind of active learning is more helpful than studying alone." 梳理可知这类主动学习的优势是趣味性和互动性更强，还能快速激发学生对学科的兴趣，整理该原因即可。
3. 通读全文可知，文章首段直接点明核心主题"AI can help teenagers and students learn in several ways"，中间分个性化学习、交互学习、自动答疑、丰富资源四个维度展开具体说明，尾段补充点明AI在教育领域的发展前景十分向好，整合两部分核心内容即可得到全文主旨。
【答案】
1. plans
2. speed
3. interest
4. sure/certain
5. provided
6. stressed
7. richer
8. carefully
9. help/tool
10. hopeful
【分层设问】
1. By knowing about students' advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites, learning needs and so on.
2. Because it makes learning more interactive and interesting and gets students interested in a subject quickly.
3. AI can help students learn in several ways and has a hopeful future in education.
【知识点】
阅读细节查找，主旨大意概括，语篇信息整合
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读问答题，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文定位提取，不需要复杂的语义转述，能够有效锻炼学生带着题干定位原文关键信息的能力，帮助学生熟悉说明文"总-分-总"的典型语篇结构，夯实阅读基础能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇说明文类阅读问答题，解题思路如下：1. 先明确每个题干的提问方向，带着问题回原文精准定位对应段落；2. 细节题直接从定位段落中提取匹配的原文信息，稍加整理即可得到答案；3. 主旨题需要结合文章首段总起、中间分点论述、尾段总结的结构，整合核心内容得出结论。第一题提问AI制定个性化学习计划的方式，直接对应个性化学习板块的前两句内容；第二题提问AI辅助的主动学习比独自学习更有效的原因，对应交互学习板块的核心描述；第三题主旨题需要把开篇总论点和结尾对AI教育未来的补充说明结合起来，避免遗漏核心信息。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段：Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student. 句中 “create a proper learning plan” 表示 “制定合适的学习计划”，表格中 make proper ___ for them 对应此意，主语为 AI，宾语为复数形式 plans，因此填 plans。
2. 定位原文第二段：This can help students focus on areas that they need to improve at their own speed. 句中 at their own speed 表示 “按照自己的速度”，表格中 at their own ___ 直接对应原文，因此填 speed。
3. 定位原文第三段：they can make students interested in a subject at once. 句中 make students interested in 表示 “使学生对…… 产生兴趣”，表格中 can ___ students easily 对应此意，用动词原形 interest（使…… 感兴趣），因此填 interest。
4. 定位原文第三段：There's no doubt that this kind of active learning is more helpful than studying alone. 句中 There's no doubt that 表示 “毫无疑问”，可转换为固定搭配 is sure/certain to，表格中 this kind of active learning is ___ to be more helpful 对应此意，因此填 sure / certain。
5. 定位原文第四段：AI can give automated advice and answers to questions. 句中 give automated advice and answers 表示 “提供自动建议和解答”，表格中 Automated advice and answers can be ___ for students 对应此意，被动语态用过去分词 provided，因此填 provided。
6. 定位原文第四段：ChatGPT can answer students' questions quickly in a private, low-pressure way. 句中 low-pressure 表示 “低压力的”，即让学生 “感到更少压力”，表格中 students feel less ___ 对应此意，因此填 stressed。
7. 定位原文第五段：AI can enrich many of the students' learning resources. 句中 enrich 表示 “使丰富”，表格中 make many of the students' learning resources ___ and wider 对应此意，用形容词比较级 richer，因此填 richer。
8. 定位原文第五段：students can study more carefully. 句中 study more carefully 表示 “更仔细地学习”，表格中 Students can study 3D models of a human body more ___ 直接对应原文，因此填 carefully。
9. 定位原文最后一段：AI has a great ability to improve studying and learning.句中 AI 能 “提升学习”，可理解为成为学生的 “智能帮手 / 工具”，表格中 AI can become a smart ___ to students 对应此意，因此填 help / tool。
10. 定位原文最后一段：The future of AI in education is hopeful as technologies continue to develop. 句中直接说明 “AI 在教育中的未来是充满希望的”，表格中 the future of AI in education is ___ 直接对应原文，因此填 hopeful。
分层设问
1. 定位至"Personalized learning"板块的前两句："AI can know better about students, including their advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites, learning needs, and so on. Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student." 可知AI是通过充分了解学生各维度的相关特征来制定适配的学习计划，提取对应信息作答即可。2. 定位至"Interactive learning"板块内容："AI has the ability to make learning more interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What's more, they can make students interested in a subject at once. There's no doubt that this kind of active learning is more helpful than studying alone." 梳理可知这类主动学习的优势是趣味性和互动性更强，还能快速激发学生对学科的兴趣，整理该原因即可。
3. 通读全文可知，文章首段直接点明核心主题"AI can help teenagers and students learn in several ways"，中间分个性化学习、交互学习、自动答疑、丰富资源四个维度展开具体说明，尾段补充点明AI在教育领域的发展前景十分向好，整合两部分核心内容即可得到全文主旨。
【答案】
1. plans
2. speed
3. interest
4. sure/certain
5. provided
6. stressed
7. richer
8. carefully
9. help/tool
10. hopeful
【分层设问】
1. By knowing about students' advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favourites, learning needs and so on.
2. Because it makes learning more interactive and interesting and gets students interested in a subject quickly.
3. AI can help students learn in several ways and has a hopeful future in education.
【知识点】
阅读细节查找，主旨大意概括，语篇信息整合
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读问答题，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文定位提取，不需要复杂的语义转述，能够有效锻炼学生带着题干定位原文关键信息的能力，帮助学生熟悉说明文"总-分-总"的典型语篇结构，夯实阅读基础能力。
【难度系数】
0.7