第一节 阅读下列短文，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A 核心素养 学习能力
At school, students usually learn many subjects in the classroom like English, Maths and so on. Now there is a new one in some schools—school gardening(园艺). It is an outdoor(户外) subject. In the gardening class, teachers teach students different kinds of vegetables and how to grow them. Then students work in groups.
▲ Why? Because they can have fun in this class. They don’t have to sit at their desks in the classroom all day. They can get out, get their hands dirty, do things with their own(自己的) hands and relax.
It’s also fun to get something to eat and see. In some schools, students like to grow carrots and tomatoes. It’s always interesting for them to get a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. In some schools, students like to grow flowers. When it’s spring, all the flowers come out and they’re really beautiful. Students like to walk and talk in the beautiful garden. That’s their favourite thing to do after busy hours of work.
Do students only get fun from the classes? Of course not. Students can learn something too. Keeping a school garden is difficult and all the students in the group need to come and help. This teaches students teamwork. Also, some vegetables are easy to grow, but others need a long time. This teaches students they need to wait before they get the things they want.
There may be many other good things about school gardening. But one thing is for sure—students really love having outdoor classes.
(
A. school B. subject C. student D. classroom
(
A. The students really love this subject. B. The students don’t love this subject.
C. This subject is very boring. D. This subject takes students much time.
(
A. Because they can play games in the classroom.
B. Because they can have fun, get out and relax.
C. Because they can learn English and Maths.
D. Because they can watch TV in class.
(
A. the students don’t have fun in the gardening classes
B. all the vegetables need a long time to grow
C. students may wish schools to have more outdoor subjects
D. the garden in the school is very big and beautiful
(
A 核心素养 学习能力
At school, students usually learn many subjects in the classroom like English, Maths and so on. Now there is a new one in some schools—school gardening(园艺). It is an outdoor(户外) subject. In the gardening class, teachers teach students different kinds of vegetables and how to grow them. Then students work in groups.
▲ Why? Because they can have fun in this class. They don’t have to sit at their desks in the classroom all day. They can get out, get their hands dirty, do things with their own(自己的) hands and relax.
It’s also fun to get something to eat and see. In some schools, students like to grow carrots and tomatoes. It’s always interesting for them to get a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. In some schools, students like to grow flowers. When it’s spring, all the flowers come out and they’re really beautiful. Students like to walk and talk in the beautiful garden. That’s their favourite thing to do after busy hours of work.
Do students only get fun from the classes? Of course not. Students can learn something too. Keeping a school garden is difficult and all the students in the group need to come and help. This teaches students teamwork. Also, some vegetables are easy to grow, but others need a long time. This teaches students they need to wait before they get the things they want.
There may be many other good things about school gardening. But one thing is for sure—students really love having outdoor classes.
(
B
)1. The underlined word “one” in Paragraph 1 refers to “”.A. school B. subject C. student D. classroom
(
A
)2.（创新考法·信息回填）Which of the following can be put into “▲”?A. The students really love this subject. B. The students don’t love this subject.
C. This subject is very boring. D. This subject takes students much time.
(
B
)3. Why do students like school gardening according to the passage?A. Because they can play games in the classroom.
B. Because they can have fun, get out and relax.
C. Because they can learn English and Maths.
D. Because they can watch TV in class.
(
C
)4. After reading the passage, we can infer that .A. the students don’t have fun in the gardening classes
B. all the vegetables need a long time to grow
C. students may wish schools to have more outdoor subjects
D. the garden in the school is very big and beautiful
(
D
)5.（创新考法·篇章结构）What is the structure of this passage?答案：1. B 代词指代题。第一段提到学生在学校通常学习许多科目，现在在一些学校里有一门新的科目——学校园艺课。因此 one 在这里指代前一句中的 subject。
2. A 信息回填题。根据“Why? Because they can have fun in this class. ”可知，空处应表达学生喜欢这门课，才能与下文的解释形成因果逻辑。
3. B
4. C 推理判断题。文章通篇强调学生对园艺课的喜爱及其益处，结尾更明确指出“学生真的很喜欢户外课”，因此可合理推断，学生可能希望学校开设更多户外课程。
5. D 篇章结构题。文章结构为：① 引入园艺课（总起）；②③分析学生喜欢的原因，④ 进一步说明收获；⑤ 总结户外课受到喜爱（总结）。
2. A 信息回填题。根据“Why? Because they can have fun in this class. ”可知，空处应表达学生喜欢这门课，才能与下文的解释形成因果逻辑。
3. B
4. C 推理判断题。文章通篇强调学生对园艺课的喜爱及其益处，结尾更明确指出“学生真的很喜欢户外课”，因此可合理推断，学生可能希望学校开设更多户外课程。
5. D 篇章结构题。文章结构为：① 引入园艺课（总起）；②③分析学生喜欢的原因，④ 进一步说明收获；⑤ 总结户外课受到喜爱（总结）。
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，包含代词指代、信息回填、细节理解、推理判断、篇章结构五类题型。解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题定位原文关键信息：第1题依据代词指代的就近原则找对应名词；第2题根据下文因果逻辑反推上文观点；第3题直接定位原文中喜欢园艺课的原因；第4题结合全文主旨合理推理；第5题梳理文章段落结构匹配选项示意图。
【解析】1. 代词指代题：第一段提到学生学习“many subjects”，后句“a new one”中的one指代前文的subject，故选B。2. 信息回填题：下文以“Why? Because...”解释学生喜欢的原因，说明上文应表达学生喜爱这门课，A选项符合逻辑，B、C、D与文意不符，故选A。3. 细节理解题：第二段明确指出学生喜欢园艺课的原因是“have fun, get out, relax”，对应B选项，A、C、D与原文内容矛盾，故选B。4. 推理判断题：全文强调学生对户外课的喜爱，结尾明确“students really love having outdoor classes”，可推断学生希望学校开设更多户外课程，C正确；A与原文相悖，B是部分蔬菜需长时间生长而非所有，D未提及花园大小，故选C。5. 篇章结构题：文章结构为①引入园艺课，②③分析喜欢的原因，④说明学习收获，⑤总结户外课受喜爱，对应选项D的结构，故选D。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D
【知识点】代词指代、阅读理解、篇章结构
【点评】本题综合考查英语阅读的多种能力，需结合原文细节、逻辑关系及篇章结构分析，题型常规且注重基础，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 代词指代题：第一段提到学生学习“many subjects”，后句“a new one”中的one指代前文的subject，故选B。2. 信息回填题：下文以“Why? Because...”解释学生喜欢的原因，说明上文应表达学生喜爱这门课，A选项符合逻辑，B、C、D与文意不符，故选A。3. 细节理解题：第二段明确指出学生喜欢园艺课的原因是“have fun, get out, relax”，对应B选项，A、C、D与原文内容矛盾，故选B。4. 推理判断题：全文强调学生对户外课的喜爱，结尾明确“students really love having outdoor classes”，可推断学生希望学校开设更多户外课程，C正确；A与原文相悖，B是部分蔬菜需长时间生长而非所有，D未提及花园大小，故选C。5. 篇章结构题：文章结构为①引入园艺课，②③分析喜欢的原因，④说明学习收获，⑤总结户外课受喜爱，对应选项D的结构，故选D。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D
【知识点】代词指代、阅读理解、篇章结构
【点评】本题综合考查英语阅读的多种能力，需结合原文细节、逻辑关系及篇章结构分析，题型常规且注重基础，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5