一、阅读短文，判断句子正(T)误(F)。
Andersen wrote a famous book called Andersen's Fairy Tales. His stories were a symbol(标志) of Denmark because they influenced(影响) many children.
Andersen was born in a poor family. His father was a shoemaker(鞋匠) and his mother worked as a washerwoman. Andersen didn't have money to go to school, so he learned by himself. It was difficult for a poor child to learn to read and write. When he could write, he decided to write stories for poor children. Because he knew the poor children wanted to learn to read like him. Andersen published many storybooks. There were more than 160 fairy tales written by Andersen. Andersen wrote many fairy tales. Some of them are famous around the world. The emperor’s new clothes, The little mermaid, The wild swans and The ugly duckling are among them. They are popular among children.
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Andersen wrote a famous book called Andersen's Fairy Tales. His stories were a symbol(标志) of Denmark because they influenced(影响) many children.
Andersen was born in a poor family. His father was a shoemaker(鞋匠) and his mother worked as a washerwoman. Andersen didn't have money to go to school, so he learned by himself. It was difficult for a poor child to learn to read and write. When he could write, he decided to write stories for poor children. Because he knew the poor children wanted to learn to read like him. Andersen published many storybooks. There were more than 160 fairy tales written by Andersen. Andersen wrote many fairy tales. Some of them are famous around the world. The emperor’s new clothes, The little mermaid, The wild swans and The ugly duckling are among them. They are popular among children.
(
T
)1. Andersen's father made shoes for a living(谋生).(
T
)2. Andersen's mother was a washerwoman.(
F
)3. Andersen learned to read and write with the help of his teachers.(
F
)4. Andersen wrote less than 160 fairy tales.(
F
)5. Andersen decided to write stories for rich men when he could write.答案：1~5 TTFFF
解析：
【分析】做此类阅读判断正误题，需先通读短文了解大意，再逐个小题定位原文对应内容，将题目表述与原文细节比对，一致则为T，不一致则为F。
【解析】1. 原文提到“Andersen's father was a shoemaker”，鞋匠以做鞋谋生，故题目表述正确；2. 原文明确“his mother worked as a washerwoman”，故题目表述正确；3. 原文指出“Andersen didn't have money to go to school, so he learned by himself”，是自学而非老师帮助，故题目表述错误；4. 原文说明“There were more than 160 fairy tales written by Andersen”，more than意为“超过”，即多于160篇，题目说“少于160篇”，表述错误；5. 原文提到“When he could write, he decided to write stories for poor children”，是为穷孩子而非富人写故事，表述错误。
【答案】TTFFF
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解
【点评】本题考查英语阅读中细节信息的判断能力，题型基础，只需准确定位原文对应内容即可完成判断，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 原文提到“Andersen's father was a shoemaker”，鞋匠以做鞋谋生，故题目表述正确；2. 原文明确“his mother worked as a washerwoman”，故题目表述正确；3. 原文指出“Andersen didn't have money to go to school, so he learned by himself”，是自学而非老师帮助，故题目表述错误；4. 原文说明“There were more than 160 fairy tales written by Andersen”，more than意为“超过”，即多于160篇，题目说“少于160篇”，表述错误；5. 原文提到“When he could write, he decided to write stories for poor children”，是为穷孩子而非富人写故事，表述错误。
【答案】TTFFF
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解
【点评】本题考查英语阅读中细节信息的判断能力，题型基础，只需准确定位原文对应内容即可完成判断，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
二、 新语篇 核潜艇之父 阅读核潜艇之父黄旭华的人物介绍，完成下列各题。
Huang Xuhua: father of China’s nuclear submarines
Huang Xuhua was born in 1926 in Guangdong. When he was a boy, he saw that China was not strong. This made him want to study hard and help his country.
In the 1950s, China started to make its first nuclear submarine. The job was very difficult. Huang Xuhua and his team worked on it in secret. They could not even contact their own
families.
At that time, China did not have modern machines. They had to use simple tools, like abacuses, to do maths. But they did not give up. After many tries, they solved big problems, like how to keep the submarine steady in water.
In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was ready. This made China one of the few countries with a nuclear submarine. Huang Xuhua kept working to make submarines even better. In 2019, he got a very high award called “the Medal of the Republic”.
Huang Xuhua passed away in 2025. But we will always remember him. He shows us that we should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better. His light will always shine for China.
词汇积累 nuclear submarine 核潜艇 contact/ˈkɒntækt/联系，联络 abacus/ˈæbəkəs/ 算盘
（一）阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
(
A. His interest in submarines.
B. Seeing his country was not strong when he was young.
C. Having a good education.
(
A. They moved to another country.
B. They used advanced technology.
C. They stopped contact with the outside world.
(
A. Computers and smartphones. B. Abacuses.
C. Pen and paper only.
(
A. In the 1950s. B. In the 1960s. C. In the 1970s.
(
A. Nobel Prize. B. The Medal of the Republic.
C. International Peace Prize.
（二）阅读短文，回答问题。
1. Why did Huang Xuhua want to study hard when he was young?
2. What can we learn from Huang Xuhua’s life?
Huang Xuhua: father of China’s nuclear submarines
Huang Xuhua was born in 1926 in Guangdong. When he was a boy, he saw that China was not strong. This made him want to study hard and help his country.
In the 1950s, China started to make its first nuclear submarine. The job was very difficult. Huang Xuhua and his team worked on it in secret. They could not even contact their own
families.
At that time, China did not have modern machines. They had to use simple tools, like abacuses, to do maths. But they did not give up. After many tries, they solved big problems, like how to keep the submarine steady in water.
In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was ready. This made China one of the few countries with a nuclear submarine. Huang Xuhua kept working to make submarines even better. In 2019, he got a very high award called “the Medal of the Republic”.
Huang Xuhua passed away in 2025. But we will always remember him. He shows us that we should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better. His light will always shine for China.
词汇积累 nuclear submarine 核潜艇 contact/ˈkɒntækt/联系，联络 abacus/ˈæbəkəs/ 算盘
（一）阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
(
B
)1. What made Huang Xuhua want to strengthen(加强) China?A. His interest in submarines.
B. Seeing his country was not strong when he was young.
C. Having a good education.
(
C
)2. How did Huang and his team keep the project secret?A. They moved to another country.
B. They used advanced technology.
C. They stopped contact with the outside world.
(
B
)3. What simple tools did they use for calculations(计算)?A. Computers and smartphones. B. Abacuses.
C. Pen and paper only.
(
C
)4. When was China’s first nuclear submarine ready?A. In the 1950s. B. In the 1960s. C. In the 1970s.
(
B
)5. What award did Huang receive in 2019?A. Nobel Prize. B. The Medal of the Republic.
C. International Peace Prize.
（二）阅读短文，回答问题。
1. Why did Huang Xuhua want to study hard when he was young?
Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.
2. What can we learn from Huang Xuhua’s life?
We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
答案：(一)1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B
(二)1. Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.
2. We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
(二)1. Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.
2. We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
解析：
【分析】本题是关于黄旭华事迹的英语阅读理解题，分为选择和问答两类题型。解题时需先通读短文把握核心内容，再针对每个题目回到原文定位关键信息，通过原文内容与选项或问题要求匹配得出答案。选择题侧重细节查找，问答部分需准确提取原文相关语句并合理组织。
【解析】（一）选择题：1. 定位原文第一段“When he was a boy, he saw that China was not strong. This made him want to study hard and help his country.”，可知他想强国的原因是看到祖国不强，对应选项B；2. 定位第二段“Huang Xuhua and his team worked on it in secret. They could not even contact their own families.”，说明他们停止与外界联系来保密，选C；3. 定位第三段“They had to use simple tools, like abacuses, to do maths.”，计算工具是算盘，选B；4. 定位第四段“In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was ready.”，时间是20世纪70年代，选C；5. 定位第四段“In 2019, he got a very high award called “the Medal of the Republic”.”，奖项是共和国勋章，选B。（二）问答题：1. 根据第一段内容，他年少时看到祖国不强，想帮助祖国，故答案为Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.；2. 根据最后一段，我们能学到要努力学习、勇敢面对困难、为国家更好而努力，故答案为We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
【答案】(一)1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B
(二)1. Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.
2. We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节信息查找
【点评】本题以优秀人物黄旭华的事迹为载体，考查学生英语阅读的细节定位能力，题目难度较低，适合巩固基础阅读技巧，同时传递爱国、奋斗的正能量。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】（一）选择题：1. 定位原文第一段“When he was a boy, he saw that China was not strong. This made him want to study hard and help his country.”，可知他想强国的原因是看到祖国不强，对应选项B；2. 定位第二段“Huang Xuhua and his team worked on it in secret. They could not even contact their own families.”，说明他们停止与外界联系来保密，选C；3. 定位第三段“They had to use simple tools, like abacuses, to do maths.”，计算工具是算盘，选B；4. 定位第四段“In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was ready.”，时间是20世纪70年代，选C；5. 定位第四段“In 2019, he got a very high award called “the Medal of the Republic”.”，奖项是共和国勋章，选B。（二）问答题：1. 根据第一段内容，他年少时看到祖国不强，想帮助祖国，故答案为Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.；2. 根据最后一段，我们能学到要努力学习、勇敢面对困难、为国家更好而努力，故答案为We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
【答案】(一)1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B
(二)1. Because he saw that China was not strong, and he wanted to help his country.
2. We should study hard, face difficulties bravely, and work to make our country better.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节信息查找
【点评】本题以优秀人物黄旭华的事迹为载体，考查学生英语阅读的细节定位能力，题目难度较低，适合巩固基础阅读技巧，同时传递爱国、奋斗的正能量。
【难度系数】0.8