十四、新语篇 电力电动车CR450 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。（10分）
Choo choo! The world's first steam train(蒸汽机车) ran in the UK in 1825. It went 24 km an hour. Today, China's CR450 high-speed train amazes the world. It runs up to 450 km an hour in tests(测试). This makes it the world's fastest high-speed train.
How can a train run so fast? It must be “thin and strong”, said Chen Can, an engineer(工程师) of the train. To help the train “lose weight(减重)”, engineers use special material(材料), such as Carbon fiber(碳纤维). The material is strong and light. This cuts the train's weight by 10 percent.
Also, engineers give the train's nose a cool new look. Now, CR450's nose is just like an arrow(箭). This way, the train runs through the air more easily.
Over the past 200 years, trains have become faster and faster. Will there be an even faster train one day? Anything is possible!
(
A. In the UK. B. In the US. C. In the PRC.
(
A. About 10 times. B. About 19 times. C. About 50 times.
(
①It carries fewer passengers(乘客). ②It uses special material.
③Its nose is thinner and longer.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③
(
A. the back of the train B. the centre of the train C. the front of the train
(
A. make it heavy B. use new material and give it a sharp front C. use old material to make it strong
Choo choo! The world's first steam train(蒸汽机车) ran in the UK in 1825. It went 24 km an hour. Today, China's CR450 high-speed train amazes the world. It runs up to 450 km an hour in tests(测试). This makes it the world's fastest high-speed train.
How can a train run so fast? It must be “thin and strong”, said Chen Can, an engineer(工程师) of the train. To help the train “lose weight(减重)”, engineers use special material(材料), such as Carbon fiber(碳纤维). The material is strong and light. This cuts the train's weight by 10 percent.
Also, engineers give the train's nose a cool new look. Now, CR450's nose is just like an arrow(箭). This way, the train runs through the air more easily.
Over the past 200 years, trains have become faster and faster. Will there be an even faster train one day? Anything is possible!
(
A
)1. Where did the first steam train run in 1825?A. In the UK. B. In the US. C. In the PRC.
(
B
)2. 跨学科 数学计算 How many times(倍) is CR450 faster than the world's first steam train in tests?A. About 10 times. B. About 19 times. C. About 50 times.
(
B
)3. Why is CR450 faster than old trains?①It carries fewer passengers(乘客). ②It uses special material.
③Its nose is thinner and longer.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③
(
C
)4. The train's nose refers to(指代) .A. the back of the train B. the centre of the train C. the front of the train
(
B
)5. To make a faster racing bike, an engineer could according to this passage.A. make it heavy B. use new material and give it a sharp front C. use old material to make it strong
答案：1~5 ABB CB
2. 第一列蒸汽机车速度:24 km/h;CR450 测试速度:450 km/h。计算倍数:450÷24=18.75,约等于 19 倍,故选 B。
2. 第一列蒸汽机车速度:24 km/h;CR450 测试速度:450 km/h。计算倍数:450÷24=18.75,约等于 19 倍,故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段第一句，查找1825年第一辆蒸汽机车运行的地点，直接匹配选项得出答案。
2. 第2题：跨学科数学计算，先找到蒸汽机车速度（24km/h）和CR450测试速度（450km/h），用除法计算倍数，取近似值后匹配选项。
3. 第3题：定位原文第二段（特殊材料减重）和第三段（车头设计），提取提速原因，对应选项中的②③，排除错误的①。
4. 第4题：结合常识和原文中“nose像箭”的描述，推断nose指代火车前部，匹配选项。
5. 第5题：根据文章中工程师提速的方法（用特殊材料、设计尖的车头），匹配选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据短文第一句“The world's first steam train ran in the UK in 1825.”可知，1825年第一辆蒸汽机车在英国运行，故选A。
2. 第2题：蒸汽机车速度为24km/h，CR450测试速度为450km/h，计算倍数：450÷24=18.75，约等于19倍，故选B。
3. 第3题：短文第二段提到工程师用特殊材料为CR450减重，第三段提到将车头设计成箭形（更易穿空气），这两个是提速原因，对应②③，①“搭载更少乘客”未提及，故选B。
4. 第4题：结合常识及原文“CR450's nose is just like an arrow”（箭是物体的前部），可知train's nose指代火车前部，故选C。
5. 第5题：根据短文，工程师提速的方法是使用特殊材料、设计尖的车头，对应选项B，A（加重）、C（旧材料）不符合，故选B。
【答案】
1~5 ABB CB
【知识点】
阅读理解、跨学科应用、数学计算
【点评】
本题为跨学科英语阅读理解题，融合英语信息提取与数学计算，考查学生的细节定位、逻辑推理及跨学科解题能力，题目难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段第一句，查找1825年第一辆蒸汽机车运行的地点，直接匹配选项得出答案。
2. 第2题：跨学科数学计算，先找到蒸汽机车速度（24km/h）和CR450测试速度（450km/h），用除法计算倍数，取近似值后匹配选项。
3. 第3题：定位原文第二段（特殊材料减重）和第三段（车头设计），提取提速原因，对应选项中的②③，排除错误的①。
4. 第4题：结合常识和原文中“nose像箭”的描述，推断nose指代火车前部，匹配选项。
5. 第5题：根据文章中工程师提速的方法（用特殊材料、设计尖的车头），匹配选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据短文第一句“The world's first steam train ran in the UK in 1825.”可知，1825年第一辆蒸汽机车在英国运行，故选A。
2. 第2题：蒸汽机车速度为24km/h，CR450测试速度为450km/h，计算倍数：450÷24=18.75，约等于19倍，故选B。
3. 第3题：短文第二段提到工程师用特殊材料为CR450减重，第三段提到将车头设计成箭形（更易穿空气），这两个是提速原因，对应②③，①“搭载更少乘客”未提及，故选B。
4. 第4题：结合常识及原文“CR450's nose is just like an arrow”（箭是物体的前部），可知train's nose指代火车前部，故选C。
5. 第5题：根据短文，工程师提速的方法是使用特殊材料、设计尖的车头，对应选项B，A（加重）、C（旧材料）不符合，故选B。
【答案】
1~5 ABB CB
【知识点】
阅读理解、跨学科应用、数学计算
【点评】
本题为跨学科英语阅读理解题，融合英语信息提取与数学计算，考查学生的细节定位、逻辑推理及跨学科解题能力，题目难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
十五、书面表达。（7分）
班级将举办“做更好的自己”主题班会，请你准备一篇英语演讲稿，不少于60词。需包括以下要点：1. 你身上的闪光点；2. 你想向哪位榜样学习，他/她有什么值得你学习的品质；3. 你打算怎么做，让自己变得更优秀。
How to be a better person
Hello, I am
班级将举办“做更好的自己”主题班会，请你准备一篇英语演讲稿，不少于60词。需包括以下要点：1. 你身上的闪光点；2. 你想向哪位榜样学习，他/她有什么值得你学习的品质；3. 你打算怎么做，让自己变得更优秀。
How to be a better person
Hello, I am
Li Hua
I think I have some good qualities. I am kind and always ready to help others. When my classmates have problems, I like to give them a hand.
My role model is my deskmate, Lily. She is very hard-working and never gives up easily. When she meets difficult problems, she keeps trying until she finds the answer. I want to learn this spirit from her. To make myself better, I will listen carefully in class and finish my homework on time. I will also keep reading every day to learn new things. I believe I can become a better person step by step.
答案：How to be a better person
Hello, I am Li Hua. I think I have some good qualities. I am kind and always ready to help others. When my classmates have problems, I like to give them a hand.
My role model is my deskmate, Lily. She is very hard-working and never gives up easily. When she meets difficult problems, she keeps trying until she finds the answer. I want to learn this spirit from her.
To make myself better, I will listen carefully in class and finish my homework on time. I will also keep reading every day to learn new things. I believe I can become a better person step by step. (答案不唯一)
Hello, I am Li Hua. I think I have some good qualities. I am kind and always ready to help others. When my classmates have problems, I like to give them a hand.
My role model is my deskmate, Lily. She is very hard-working and never gives up easily. When she meets difficult problems, she keeps trying until she finds the answer. I want to learn this spirit from her.
To make myself better, I will listen carefully in class and finish my homework on time. I will also keep reading every day to learn new things. I believe I can become a better person step by step. (答案不唯一)
解析：
【分析】本题为英语书面表达题，要求以“做更好的自己”为主题写演讲稿，需覆盖三个核心要点：①自身的闪光点；②榜样及榜样的优秀品质；③提升自我的具体做法。写作时需注意演讲稿的格式，语言通顺，词数不少于60词，紧扣要点展开即可。
【解析】首先以“Hello, I am...”开头介绍自己，接着说明自身闪光点（如善良、乐于助人）；然后明确榜样（如同桌Lily），阐述其值得学习的品质（勤奋、遇困难不轻易放弃）；最后说明自己的改进计划（上课认真听讲、按时完成作业、坚持阅读），确保内容连贯，要点齐全，符合要求。
【答案】How to be a better person
Hello, I am Li Hua. I think I have some good qualities. I am kind and always ready to help others. When my classmates have problems, I like to give them a hand.
My role model is my deskmate, Lily. She is very hard-working and never gives up easily. When she meets difficult problems, she keeps trying until she finds the answer. I want to learn this spirit from her.
To make myself better, I will listen carefully in class and finish my homework on time. I will also keep reading every day to learn new things. I believe I can become a better person step by step.
【知识点】英语书面表达、演讲稿写作
【点评】本题主题明确，要点清晰，考查学生的英语写作能力，要求学生紧扣主题覆盖所有给定要点，语言通顺即可，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】首先以“Hello, I am...”开头介绍自己，接着说明自身闪光点（如善良、乐于助人）；然后明确榜样（如同桌Lily），阐述其值得学习的品质（勤奋、遇困难不轻易放弃）；最后说明自己的改进计划（上课认真听讲、按时完成作业、坚持阅读），确保内容连贯，要点齐全，符合要求。
【答案】How to be a better person
Hello, I am Li Hua. I think I have some good qualities. I am kind and always ready to help others. When my classmates have problems, I like to give them a hand.
My role model is my deskmate, Lily. She is very hard-working and never gives up easily. When she meets difficult problems, she keeps trying until she finds the answer. I want to learn this spirit from her.
To make myself better, I will listen carefully in class and finish my homework on time. I will also keep reading every day to learn new things. I believe I can become a better person step by step.
【知识点】英语书面表达、演讲稿写作
【点评】本题主题明确，要点清晰，考查学生的英语写作能力，要求学生紧扣主题覆盖所有给定要点，语言通顺即可，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6