四、阅读理解。
主题群:科学与技术 子主题:科学研究 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person.
A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease after operations. They found those volunteers who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi's The Four Seasons did much better in language ability tests than when exercising without music. It was used because of its moderate tempo(适中的节奏) and positive effects on medical patients.
“Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system (神经系统) and these changes may improve the learning ability of people with heart disease,” said psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study. “And listening to music is thought to enhance brainpower. We just wanted to put the two results together,” he added.
The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after exercising with or without music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts.
Scientists have been studying the effects of exercising to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will probably not allow you to listen to music or play sports. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.
1. What does the underlined word “enhance” mean?
A. produce B. provide C. improve D. impress
2. From the last paragraph we can learn that
A. we should follow our parents' words
B. we have some good reasons to join in an IQ test
C. good marks depend on listening to music and exercising
D. exercising to music might help us get higher grades in tests
3. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Music helps volunteers get better from heart disease.
B. Exercise is used by people with headaches.
C. Exercise causes no changes in health without music.
D. Music can help you relax and feel energetic.
主题群:科学与技术 子主题:科学研究 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person.
A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease after operations. They found those volunteers who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi's The Four Seasons did much better in language ability tests than when exercising without music. It was used because of its moderate tempo(适中的节奏) and positive effects on medical patients.
“Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system (神经系统) and these changes may improve the learning ability of people with heart disease,” said psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study. “And listening to music is thought to enhance brainpower. We just wanted to put the two results together,” he added.
The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after exercising with or without music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts.
Scientists have been studying the effects of exercising to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will probably not allow you to listen to music or play sports. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.
1. What does the underlined word “enhance” mean?
A. produce B. provide C. improve D. impress
2. From the last paragraph we can learn that
D
.A. we should follow our parents' words
B. we have some good reasons to join in an IQ test
C. good marks depend on listening to music and exercising
D. exercising to music might help us get higher grades in tests
3. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Music helps volunteers get better from heart disease.
B. Exercise is used by people with headaches.
C. Exercise causes no changes in health without music.
D. Music can help you relax and feel energetic.
答案：1. C
2. D 推理判断题。根据“Scientists have been studying the effects of exercising to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test.”可知，此处提到听莫扎特的小提琴曲并运动的学生在智商测试中得分更高，暗示其对学业成绩的潜在帮助。
3. D
2. D 推理判断题。根据“Scientists have been studying the effects of exercising to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test.”可知，此处提到听莫扎特的小提琴曲并运动的学生在智商测试中得分更高，暗示其对学业成绩的潜在帮助。
3. D
解析：
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解题时，需结合说明文语篇特点，针对不同题型采用对应方法：第1题是词义猜测题，需定位划线词所在的上下文，结合语境推断词义；第2题是推理判断题，要紧扣最后一段关键信息，排除与原文不符的选项；第3题是细节判断题，需逐一将选项与原文内容比对，判断正误。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第三段“And listening to music is thought to enhance brainpower. We just wanted to put the two results together”，前文提到锻炼能改善心脏病患者的学习能力，此处说明音乐对脑力的作用，结合语境可知“enhance”意为“提高、增强”，对应选项C。
2. 推理判断题：最后一段指出“听莫扎特的小提琴曲并运动的学生在智商测试中得分更高”，说明边锻炼边听音乐可能帮助我们在考试中取得更高分数，对应选项D；A选项与原文“argue with parents”相悖，B选项原文未提及“参加智商测试”，C选项“取决于”表述绝对，均排除。
3. 细节判断题：A选项原文未提及音乐帮助心脏病患者康复，仅提到志愿者术后锻炼；B选项原文未提及头疼患者使用锻炼；C选项原文说不管是否听音乐，锻炼都有积极变化，只是听音乐时测试进步加倍；D选项对应第四段“music can help reduce stress... encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body”，表述正确。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文是介绍边锻炼边听音乐对学习能力积极影响的说明文，题目涵盖三类常见阅读题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这篇阅读理解题时，需结合说明文语篇特点，针对不同题型采用对应方法：第1题是词义猜测题，需定位划线词所在的上下文，结合语境推断词义；第2题是推理判断题，要紧扣最后一段关键信息，排除与原文不符的选项；第3题是细节判断题，需逐一将选项与原文内容比对，判断正误。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第三段“And listening to music is thought to enhance brainpower. We just wanted to put the two results together”，前文提到锻炼能改善心脏病患者的学习能力，此处说明音乐对脑力的作用，结合语境可知“enhance”意为“提高、增强”，对应选项C。
2. 推理判断题：最后一段指出“听莫扎特的小提琴曲并运动的学生在智商测试中得分更高”，说明边锻炼边听音乐可能帮助我们在考试中取得更高分数，对应选项D；A选项与原文“argue with parents”相悖，B选项原文未提及“参加智商测试”，C选项“取决于”表述绝对，均排除。
3. 细节判断题：A选项原文未提及音乐帮助心脏病患者康复，仅提到志愿者术后锻炼；B选项原文未提及头疼患者使用锻炼；C选项原文说不管是否听音乐，锻炼都有积极变化，只是听音乐时测试进步加倍；D选项对应第四段“music can help reduce stress... encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body”，表述正确。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文是介绍边锻炼边听音乐对学习能力积极影响的说明文，题目涵盖三类常见阅读题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.6