六、核心素养 思维品质 阅读理解。
主题群:生活与学习
子主题:思维模式
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Have you ever failed a test and thought, "I'm just not good at this subject"? Or have you faced a difficult task and said, "I can't do this"? If so, you might be using a "fixed mindset". But there is another way of thinking that can help you learn and grow: it's called a "growth mindset".
What is the difference? On the one hand, people with a fixed mindset believe that their basic abilities, like their intelligence or talent for sports, are fixed traits. Therefore, they often want to appear smart and avoid challenges where they might fail. For them, failure means they are not smart or good enough.
On the other hand, people with a growth mindset believe that their abilities can be developed through hard work, good strategies, and help from others. They see challenges as opportunities to learn. They understand that not being able to do something now doesn't mean they will never be able to do it.
How does a growth mindset help? This way of thinking changes how you react to difficulties. A student with a growth mindset who fails a test might think, "I need to try a different way of studying or ask my teacher for help." They see effort as the path to getting better. Because they are not afraid to try hard things, their abilities actually grow over time. They build greater confidence because they have seen themselves improve through practice.
Can you change your mindset? The good news is that mindsets are not fixed; you can change yours. It starts with paying attention to your inner voice. When you hear yourself saying "I can't", add that magic word "yet". Celebrate the process of learning, not just the final result. Praise yourself and others for effort and strategies, not just for being "smart". When you face a setback, instead of giving up, ask yourself, "What can I learn from this? What strategy can I try next?"
Scientists have found that students with the growth mindset improve their grades. More importantly, they become more motivated and resilient. Adopting a growth mindset doesn't mean you will be good at everything. It means you believe you can get better at anything with time and effort. This powerful idea can unlock your potential and help you on your journey of learning.
1. How would a person with a growth mindset most likely react to a difficult challenge?
A. They would avoid it to prevent failure.
B. They would see it as a chance to learn something new.
C. They would believe it proves their lack of ability.
D. They would feel upset and give up quickly.
2. What is the main purpose of the paragraph 5?
A. To explain why some people are born smarter than others.
B. To provide practical advice on developing a growth mindset.
C. To list the disadvantages of having a fixed mindset.
D. To show the scientific research behind different mindsets.
3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. The importance of high intelligence
B. Learning to celebrate your successes
C. How your thinking can help you grow
D. Why failure is always a bad thing
主题群:生活与学习
子主题:思维模式
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Have you ever failed a test and thought, "I'm just not good at this subject"? Or have you faced a difficult task and said, "I can't do this"? If so, you might be using a "fixed mindset". But there is another way of thinking that can help you learn and grow: it's called a "growth mindset".
What is the difference? On the one hand, people with a fixed mindset believe that their basic abilities, like their intelligence or talent for sports, are fixed traits. Therefore, they often want to appear smart and avoid challenges where they might fail. For them, failure means they are not smart or good enough.
On the other hand, people with a growth mindset believe that their abilities can be developed through hard work, good strategies, and help from others. They see challenges as opportunities to learn. They understand that not being able to do something now doesn't mean they will never be able to do it.
How does a growth mindset help? This way of thinking changes how you react to difficulties. A student with a growth mindset who fails a test might think, "I need to try a different way of studying or ask my teacher for help." They see effort as the path to getting better. Because they are not afraid to try hard things, their abilities actually grow over time. They build greater confidence because they have seen themselves improve through practice.
Can you change your mindset? The good news is that mindsets are not fixed; you can change yours. It starts with paying attention to your inner voice. When you hear yourself saying "I can't", add that magic word "yet". Celebrate the process of learning, not just the final result. Praise yourself and others for effort and strategies, not just for being "smart". When you face a setback, instead of giving up, ask yourself, "What can I learn from this? What strategy can I try next?"
Scientists have found that students with the growth mindset improve their grades. More importantly, they become more motivated and resilient. Adopting a growth mindset doesn't mean you will be good at everything. It means you believe you can get better at anything with time and effort. This powerful idea can unlock your potential and help you on your journey of learning.
1. How would a person with a growth mindset most likely react to a difficult challenge?
A. They would avoid it to prevent failure.
B. They would see it as a chance to learn something new.
C. They would believe it proves their lack of ability.
D. They would feel upset and give up quickly.
2. What is the main purpose of the paragraph 5?
A. To explain why some people are born smarter than others.
B. To provide practical advice on developing a growth mindset.
C. To list the disadvantages of having a fixed mindset.
D. To show the scientific research behind different mindsets.
3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. The importance of high intelligence
B. Learning to celebrate your successes
C. How your thinking can help you grow
D. Why failure is always a bad thing
答案：1. B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“people with a growth mindset ... see challenges as opportunities to learn”可知，有成长型思维的人把挑战看作学习的机会。
2. B 主旨大意题。第五段围绕“如何改变思维模式”给出了培养成长型思维的具体做法，旨在提供相关实用建议。
3. C 标题概括题。全文主要介绍成长型思维及其对成长的作用，核心是思维方式如何助力个人成长，契合该标题。
2. B 主旨大意题。第五段围绕“如何改变思维模式”给出了培养成长型思维的具体做法，旨在提供相关实用建议。
3. C 标题概括题。全文主要介绍成长型思维及其对成长的作用，核心是思维方式如何助力个人成长，契合该标题。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中成长型思维者对挑战的态度描述，匹配对应选项；
2. 第2题是主旨大意题，需分析第五段的核心内容，明确段落围绕的主题；
3. 第3题是标题概括题，需梳理全文核心主旨，找到贯穿全文的核心观点，匹配选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第三段“people with a growth mindset ... see challenges as opportunities to learn”，可知成长型思维者将挑战视为学习机会，对应选项B；A是固定型思维者的做法，C、D是固定型思维者的反应，均排除。
2. 第2题：第五段围绕“如何改变思维模式”展开，给出了“添加‘yet’、庆祝学习过程、表扬努力、从挫折中学习”等具体做法，目的是提供培养成长型思维的实用建议，对应选项B；A与第五段无关，C是固定型思维的内容，D是最后一段的内容，均排除。
3. 第3题：全文介绍固定型思维与成长型思维的区别，重点阐述成长型思维如何助力学习与成长，核心是“思维方式帮助成长”，对应选项C；A与成长型思维无关，B仅涉及第五段部分内容，D与文章观点相悖，均排除。
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为说明文阅读理解，围绕“成长型思维”展开，考查细节定位、段落主旨概括、全文标题归纳等阅读核心能力，需学生掌握不同题型的解题方法，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中成长型思维者对挑战的态度描述，匹配对应选项；
2. 第2题是主旨大意题，需分析第五段的核心内容，明确段落围绕的主题；
3. 第3题是标题概括题，需梳理全文核心主旨，找到贯穿全文的核心观点，匹配选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第三段“people with a growth mindset ... see challenges as opportunities to learn”，可知成长型思维者将挑战视为学习机会，对应选项B；A是固定型思维者的做法，C、D是固定型思维者的反应，均排除。
2. 第2题：第五段围绕“如何改变思维模式”展开，给出了“添加‘yet’、庆祝学习过程、表扬努力、从挫折中学习”等具体做法，目的是提供培养成长型思维的实用建议，对应选项B；A与第五段无关，C是固定型思维的内容，D是最后一段的内容，均排除。
3. 第3题：全文介绍固定型思维与成长型思维的区别，重点阐述成长型思维如何助力学习与成长，核心是“思维方式帮助成长”，对应选项C；A与成长型思维无关，B仅涉及第五段部分内容，D与文章观点相悖，均排除。
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为说明文阅读理解，围绕“成长型思维”展开，考查细节定位、段落主旨概括、全文标题归纳等阅读核心能力，需学生掌握不同题型的解题方法，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6