第二节 跨学科生物 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。（每小题1分，共5分）
In the 1960s，a volcanic island(火山岛）named Surtsey made its appearance in the south of Iceland. 11.
In the past，scientists believed that only plants with certain special features could reach faraway new places and grow there. In their opinions，plants needed to have very light seeds(种子）that could be carried by the wind，or they needed to have eye-catching fruits that could easily catch the attention of animals and then be eaten by them so that their seeds could spread over long distances.
12.
13.
Birds are the real heroes for plant spreading. They help plants move from one place to another. 15.
A. We must keep the birds safe.
B. How did the plants reach the island?
C. For scientists，this was an exciting event.
D. However，a study has challenged this idea.
E. Seeds travel in different ways to start new plant lives.
F. This clearly shows that life doesn't just spread by plants themselves.
In the 1960s，a volcanic island(火山岛）named Surtsey made its appearance in the south of Iceland. 11.
C
It gave them a special chance to find out how life began on a piece of new land.In the past，scientists believed that only plants with certain special features could reach faraway new places and grow there. In their opinions，plants needed to have very light seeds(种子）that could be carried by the wind，or they needed to have eye-catching fruits that could easily catch the attention of animals and then be eaten by them so that their seeds could spread over long distances.
12.
D
Researchers carried out the study on Surtsey and made an interesting discovery—most of the plants on the island did not have those special features.13.
B
It turned out that birds were the main helpers. These birds flew between the mainland and Surtsey. They played the leading role in bringing seeds to the island—carrying them inside their bodies or in their droppings(粪便）. These seeds then grew into new plants on the island. With the interaction，many plants reached the island and formed a healthy ecosystem there. 14. F
The interaction between plants and birds matters a lot too.Birds are the real heroes for plant spreading. They help plants move from one place to another. 15.
A
After all，if they get into trouble，plants will lose their best “drivers”.A. We must keep the birds safe.
B. How did the plants reach the island?
C. For scientists，this was an exciting event.
D. However，a study has challenged this idea.
E. Seeds travel in different ways to start new plant lives.
F. This clearly shows that life doesn't just spread by plants themselves.
答案：11. C 后文提到“这给了他们研究新陆地生命起源的特殊机会”，C项可承接上文，衔接自然。
12. D 前文讲过去科学家的观点，后文讲岛上植物并不具备那些特征，D项构成合理转折。
13. B 后文提及鸟类是主要传播者，B项引出下文，符合行文逻辑。
14. F 前文讲植物借助鸟类抵达岛屿形成生态系统，F项对研究发现进行总结。
15. A 后文提到植物会失去最好的“传播者”，A项与之呼应，得出结论。
12. D 前文讲过去科学家的观点，后文讲岛上植物并不具备那些特征，D项构成合理转折。
13. B 后文提及鸟类是主要传播者，B项引出下文，符合行文逻辑。
14. F 前文讲植物借助鸟类抵达岛屿形成生态系统，F项对研究发现进行总结。
15. A 后文提到植物会失去最好的“传播者”，A项与之呼应，得出结论。
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语七选五题型，解题思路如下：1.通读全文，把握主旨：本文围绕冰岛火山岛Surtsey的形成，探讨新陆地生命（植物）的传播方式，重点说明鸟类在植物传播中的关键作用；2.分析每个空格前后的逻辑关系（如承接、转折、设问、总结等）；3.结合选项匹配语境，排除多余项（本题多余选项为E）。
【解析】
11. 前文提到火山岛Surtsey出现，后文指出“这给了他们研究新陆地生命起源的特殊机会”，C项“对科学家来说，这是一个令人兴奋的事件”可承接上文火山岛出现的事件，衔接下文的研究机会，故选C。
12. 前文阐述过去科学家的观点（只有特殊特征的植物能到达新陆地），后文说明岛上植物不具备这些特征，D项“然而，一项研究挑战了这个观点”构成合理转折，衔接前后内容，故选D。
13. 后文明确“鸟类是主要帮手，负责将种子带到岛上”，B项“植物是怎么到达岛上的？”以设问引出下文关于植物传播方式的内容，符合行文逻辑，故选B。
14. 前文提到植物借助鸟类抵达岛屿形成健康生态系统，后文强调植物与鸟类互动的重要性，F项“这清楚表明生命不只是靠植物自身传播”是对前文研究发现的总结，故选F。
15. 后文指出“如果鸟类陷入麻烦，植物会失去最好的‘传播者’”，A项“我们必须保护鸟类安全”呼应后文内容，得出合理结论，故选A。
【答案】
11.C 12.D 13.B 14.F 15.A
【知识点】
英语七选五题型、语篇逻辑衔接、语境推理
【点评】
本题以跨学科生物（火山岛生态研究）为背景的英语七选五题型，考查学生对语篇逻辑关系的理解与运用能力，需结合上下文语境推导答案，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语七选五题型，解题思路如下：1.通读全文，把握主旨：本文围绕冰岛火山岛Surtsey的形成，探讨新陆地生命（植物）的传播方式，重点说明鸟类在植物传播中的关键作用；2.分析每个空格前后的逻辑关系（如承接、转折、设问、总结等）；3.结合选项匹配语境，排除多余项（本题多余选项为E）。
【解析】
11. 前文提到火山岛Surtsey出现，后文指出“这给了他们研究新陆地生命起源的特殊机会”，C项“对科学家来说，这是一个令人兴奋的事件”可承接上文火山岛出现的事件，衔接下文的研究机会，故选C。
12. 前文阐述过去科学家的观点（只有特殊特征的植物能到达新陆地），后文说明岛上植物不具备这些特征，D项“然而，一项研究挑战了这个观点”构成合理转折，衔接前后内容，故选D。
13. 后文明确“鸟类是主要帮手，负责将种子带到岛上”，B项“植物是怎么到达岛上的？”以设问引出下文关于植物传播方式的内容，符合行文逻辑，故选B。
14. 前文提到植物借助鸟类抵达岛屿形成健康生态系统，后文强调植物与鸟类互动的重要性，F项“这清楚表明生命不只是靠植物自身传播”是对前文研究发现的总结，故选F。
15. 后文指出“如果鸟类陷入麻烦，植物会失去最好的‘传播者’”，A项“我们必须保护鸟类安全”呼应后文内容，得出合理结论，故选A。
【答案】
11.C 12.D 13.B 14.F 15.A
【知识点】
英语七选五题型、语篇逻辑衔接、语境推理
【点评】
本题以跨学科生物（火山岛生态研究）为背景的英语七选五题型，考查学生对语篇逻辑关系的理解与运用能力，需结合上下文语境推导答案，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5