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第二节 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。(每小题1分,共5分)
Music is often divided into several categories(类别), or groups. Some of the categories are: classical music, traditional music, rock music, and jazz music.
The first kind, classical music, refers to orchestra(管弦乐队) music that originated(发源) in Europe a few hundred years ago. Most of the original classical music was composed or written in Italy, Germany, Austria, or Russia. 11.
D

The second type of music is traditional music. It comes from a particular culture. 12.
E
For example, “blues music” is a kind of traditional music in the United States and “enka music” is one kind of traditional music in Japan. Each traditional music has its own special instruments.
13.
A
It is generally a loud kind of music, played with a strong beat. Rock musicians often use electric instruments. Rock music probably began in Europe about 30 or 40 years ago. It became very popular, especially among young people, during the 1960s and 1970s.
The fourth kind of music is jazz. Jazz probably comes from Africa. 14.
F
Different kinds of musical instruments are used to play this kind of music, especially wind instruments.
15.
B
In addition, many kinds of music are combinations(结合) of classical music and traditional music, or classical music and jazz, or rock and jazz, and so on.
A. Another kind of music is rock music.
B. Of course there are other categories of music.
C. People usually enjoy music during the free time.
D. It is usually played by the string and wind instruments.
E. Every culture has its own special form of traditional music.
F. It has different kinds of rhythm(节奏) from other kinds of music.
答案:11. D 前文提到古典音乐是起源于欧洲的管弦乐,D选项说明其演奏乐器,衔接自然。
12. E 此处讲解传统音乐,前文指出传统音乐源于特定文化,E选项表明每种文化都有独特的传统音乐形式,承接上文。
13. A 后文描述了音乐风格喧闹、节奏强烈且使用电子乐器,符合摇滚乐特点,A选项引出摇滚乐,符合语境。
14. F 后文提到爵士乐使用多种乐器尤其是管乐器,F选项说明其节奏有别于其他音乐,与后文形成并列补充介绍。
15. B 后文提及还有很多音乐是不同类型的结合体,B选项指出还有其他种类音乐,总起下文。
解析:
【分析】
首先通读全文,明确文章围绕音乐分类展开,采用“总-分-总”结构,分述古典音乐、传统音乐、摇滚乐、爵士乐四类,最后提及其他音乐类别及结合型音乐。解题时需结合空白处的上下文内容,分析句子间的逻辑关系(如承接、引出、举例、总起等),逐一匹配选项:11题需承接古典音乐的演奏相关内容;12题需承接传统音乐与文化的关联;13题需引出下文对摇滚乐的介绍;14题需补充爵士乐的特点;15题需总起下文关于其他音乐类别的内容。
【解析】
11. 空白前介绍古典音乐是起源于欧洲的管弦乐,D选项“它通常由弦乐器和管乐器演奏”,承接古典音乐的演奏属性,衔接自然,故选D。
12. 空白前指出传统音乐来自特定文化,E选项“每种文化都有自己独特的传统音乐形式”,承接上文“特定文化”,且与后文举例(美国blues、日本enka)呼应,故选E。
13. 空白后描述音乐喧闹、节奏强烈、使用电子乐器,符合摇滚乐特征,A选项“另一种音乐是摇滚乐”,引出下文对摇滚乐的介绍,故选A。
14. 空白前提及爵士乐,F选项“它有不同于其他音乐的节奏”,与后文提到的乐器使用(尤其是管乐器)并列,补充爵士乐的特点,故选F。
15. 空白后说明很多音乐是不同类型的结合体,B选项“当然还有其他音乐类别”,总起下文,故选B。
【答案】
11.D 12.E 13.A 14.F 15.B
【知识点】
英语七选五、语篇逻辑推理
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解中的七选五题型,围绕音乐分类展开,重点考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的把握能力,需结合段落主题、前后句内容进行合理推理,属于常规难度的题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
四、用方框中所给单词或短语填空(其中有一个是多余的)。(每小题1分,共5分)
African talented attend showed a gift for requires make up
1. Being a doctor
requires
a lot of patience and training.
2. From a young age, she
showed a gift for
playing the piano.
3. He had to
make up
an excuse for being late.
4. The young artist is so
talented
that his works about modern city life have won many national prizes.
5. It's said that the new teacher is a(n)
African
American.
答案:1. requires
2. showed a gift for
3. make up
4. talented
5. African
解析:
【分析】
解题思路:先通读每个句子,明确句意和空格所需的成分(词性、短语类型),结合方框内词汇,考虑时态、主谓一致、固定搭配等,匹配合适的词汇。
1. 主语“Being a doctor”是单数概念,需动词作谓语,结合句意选合适动词;
2. 由时间状语确定时态,结合固定搭配选短语;
3. “had to”后接动词原形,结合固定搭配选短语;
4. “so”后接形容词,修饰名词;
5. 空格修饰名词,选合适形容词。
【解析】
1. 句意:当医生需要很多耐心和训练。主语“Being a doctor”是单数第三人称,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,方框中“requires”(需要)符合,故填requires。
2. 句意:从小时候起,她就对弹钢琴有天赋。由“From a young age”可知用一般过去时,固定搭配“show a gift for”(对……有天赋),show的过去式为showed,故填showed a gift for。
3. 句意:他不得不为迟到编造一个借口。“had to”后接动词原形,固定搭配“make up an excuse”(编造借口),故填make up。
4. 句意:这位年轻艺术家如此有才华,他关于现代城市生活的作品赢得了许多国家级奖项。“so”后接形容词修饰名词“artist”,“talented”(有才华的)符合句意,故填talented。
5. 句意:据说这位新老师是一位非洲裔美国人。空格处修饰名词“American”,用形容词“African”(非洲的),故填African。
【答案】
1. requires
2. showed a gift for
3. make up
4. talented
5. African
【知识点】
动词第三人称单数、固定搭配、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的运用,需掌握单词/短语的词义、词性、时态及固定搭配,难度适中,基础扎实的学生可轻松完成。
【难度系数】
0.7
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