四、词语运用。
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
Penguins live together, but each pair has a little p 1 of ground of their own. When a penguin wants to w 2 through his neighbour's ground, he must ask for permission(许可). If he does not do that, he will h 3 to fight. Most of the time, penguins live in water. They eat shellfish and look after their children c 4.
All penguins are good parents—the male(雄性的) penguins are among the most dedicated fathers in the w 5. They swim in the dark Antarctic water. They choose their wives in the d 6. They can only hear them—not see them. Then the female penguins lay their eggs and will be away for about two m 7. The male penguins take care of the eggs. If the eggs get cold, there will be no chicks. The snow falls heavily and the wind blows strongly—sometimes at 150 kilometres an hour. There is no f 8. The male penguins don't m 9. The male penguins never fight—unless a penguin l 10 a chick alone. They then fight because they all want it. They are strange but wonderful birds.
1.
6.
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
Penguins live together, but each pair has a little p 1 of ground of their own. When a penguin wants to w 2 through his neighbour's ground, he must ask for permission(许可). If he does not do that, he will h 3 to fight. Most of the time, penguins live in water. They eat shellfish and look after their children c 4.
All penguins are good parents—the male(雄性的) penguins are among the most dedicated fathers in the w 5. They swim in the dark Antarctic water. They choose their wives in the d 6. They can only hear them—not see them. Then the female penguins lay their eggs and will be away for about two m 7. The male penguins take care of the eggs. If the eggs get cold, there will be no chicks. The snow falls heavily and the wind blows strongly—sometimes at 150 kilometres an hour. There is no f 8. The male penguins don't m 9. The male penguins never fight—unless a penguin l 10 a chick alone. They then fight because they all want it. They are strange but wonderful birds.
1.
piece
2. walk
3. have
4. carefully
5. world
6.
dark
7. months
8. food
9. move
10. leaves
答案：四、1. piece 2. walk 3. have 4. carefully 5. world
6. dark 7. months 8. food 9. move 10. leaves
6. dark 7. months 8. food 9. move 10. leaves
解析：
【分析】
先通读短文，把握短文关于企鹅生活习性的主旨，再根据每个空格的首字母提示，结合上下文语境、固定搭配以及语法规则（如动词形式、名词单复数、副词用法等），逐一确定每个空格应填的单词，确保单词符合语义和语法要求。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“a piece of”表示“一块”，结合首字母p，此处填piece；
2. 根据语境“想要穿过邻居的地盘”，结合首字母w，want to后接动词原形，填walk；
3. 固定搭配“have to”表示“必须、不得不”，will后接动词原形，结合首字母h，填have；
4. 此处修饰动词短语“look after”，需用副词，结合首字母c，填carefully；
5. 固定短语“in the world”表示“在世界上”，结合首字母w，填world；
6. 根据后文“只能听见不能看见”，结合首字母d，此处表示“在黑暗中”，填dark；
7. two后接可数名词复数，结合语境雌性企鹅离开的时长，首字母m，填months；
8. 结合南极环境和语境，此处表示“没有食物”，首字母f，填food；
9. don't后接动词原形，结合语境雄性企鹅不移动，首字母m，填move；
10. 主语a penguin是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式，结合语境“留下幼崽”，首字母l，填leaves。
【答案】
1. piece 2. walk 3. have 4. carefully 5. world 6. dark 7. months 8. food 9. move 10. leaves
【知识点】
首字母填空、词语运用
【点评】
本题考查结合短文语境与首字母提示填写恰当单词的能力，需学生掌握基础词汇、固定搭配及基本语法，整体难度适中，适合考查学生的词汇积累与阅读理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
先通读短文，把握短文关于企鹅生活习性的主旨，再根据每个空格的首字母提示，结合上下文语境、固定搭配以及语法规则（如动词形式、名词单复数、副词用法等），逐一确定每个空格应填的单词，确保单词符合语义和语法要求。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“a piece of”表示“一块”，结合首字母p，此处填piece；
2. 根据语境“想要穿过邻居的地盘”，结合首字母w，want to后接动词原形，填walk；
3. 固定搭配“have to”表示“必须、不得不”，will后接动词原形，结合首字母h，填have；
4. 此处修饰动词短语“look after”，需用副词，结合首字母c，填carefully；
5. 固定短语“in the world”表示“在世界上”，结合首字母w，填world；
6. 根据后文“只能听见不能看见”，结合首字母d，此处表示“在黑暗中”，填dark；
7. two后接可数名词复数，结合语境雌性企鹅离开的时长，首字母m，填months；
8. 结合南极环境和语境，此处表示“没有食物”，首字母f，填food；
9. don't后接动词原形，结合语境雄性企鹅不移动，首字母m，填move；
10. 主语a penguin是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式，结合语境“留下幼崽”，首字母l，填leaves。
【答案】
1. piece 2. walk 3. have 4. carefully 5. world 6. dark 7. months 8. food 9. move 10. leaves
【知识点】
首字母填空、词语运用
【点评】
本题考查结合短文语境与首字母提示填写恰当单词的能力，需学生掌握基础词汇、固定搭配及基本语法，整体难度适中，适合考查学生的词汇积累与阅读理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
五、阅读理解。
Every year on October 4th, the world comes together for the well-being（康乐）of animals everywhere. This is World Animal Day.
Starting in 1931 in Florence, Italy, the yearly event has become a special chance for everyone who cares about animals to make a difference.
In the past ten years, China has done much to improve the well-being of domestic（驯养的）and wild animals. The protection of Asian elephants is a good example.
Asian elephants have become endangered because of people’s hunting for their ivory（象牙）. Asian elephants in China are mostly in Yunnan Province. These wild animals sometimes eat local farmers’ crops. The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife. For example, they make rules to stop the ivory trade.
With World Animal Day around the corner, we can all think of more ways to better protect our wild animal friends. Let’s take action together!
（
A. Serious. B. Friendly. C. Awful. D. Nervous.
（
A. Because people catch them for shows.
B. Because people hunt them to make medicine.
C. Because people hunt them for their ivory.
D. Because people keep them as pets.
（
A. To ask people to better protect wild animals.
B. To ask people to protect local farmers’ crops.
C. To tell people how to care about Asian elephants.
D. To tell people more about World Animal Day.
Every year on October 4th, the world comes together for the well-being（康乐）of animals everywhere. This is World Animal Day.
Starting in 1931 in Florence, Italy, the yearly event has become a special chance for everyone who cares about animals to make a difference.
In the past ten years, China has done much to improve the well-being of domestic（驯养的）and wild animals. The protection of Asian elephants is a good example.
Asian elephants have become endangered because of people’s hunting for their ivory（象牙）. Asian elephants in China are mostly in Yunnan Province. These wild animals sometimes eat local farmers’ crops. The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife. For example, they make rules to stop the ivory trade.
With World Animal Day around the corner, we can all think of more ways to better protect our wild animal friends. Let’s take action together!
（
B
）1. What does the underlined word “harmonious” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Serious. B. Friendly. C. Awful. D. Nervous.
（
C
）2. Why have Asian elephants become endangered according to the passage?A. Because people catch them for shows.
B. Because people hunt them to make medicine.
C. Because people hunt them for their ivory.
D. Because people keep them as pets.
（
A
）3. What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To ask people to better protect wild animals.
B. To ask people to protect local farmers’ crops.
C. To tell people how to care about Asian elephants.
D. To tell people more about World Animal Day.
答案：五、1. B 【点拨】根据“The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife.”可知，政府在努力让当地人和野生动物之间的关系更加和谐，harmonious意思与friendly相近。故选B。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Asian elephants have become endangered because of people's hunting for their ivory(象牙).”可知，亚洲象濒危的原因是人们猎杀它们以获取象牙。故选C。
3. A 【点拨】通读全文可知，文章借助世界动物日以及亚洲象的现状，号召人们保护野生动物。故选A。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Asian elephants have become endangered because of people's hunting for their ivory(象牙).”可知，亚洲象濒危的原因是人们猎杀它们以获取象牙。故选C。
3. A 【点拨】通读全文可知，文章借助世界动物日以及亚洲象的现状，号召人们保护野生动物。故选A。
解析：
【分析】这是三道英语阅读理解题，分别考查词义猜测、细节理解和主旨大意。解题思路：1. 词义猜测题需定位划线词所在句子，结合上下文语境推断词义；2. 细节理解题要根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容，找到答案；3. 主旨大意题需通读全文，把握作者的核心写作意图。
【解析】1. 词义猜测题：定位到第四段划线词所在句“The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife.”，结合前文亚洲象濒危、政府推进保护的语境，可知harmonious意为“和谐的”，与friendly（友好的）意思相近，故选B。2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“Asian elephants become endangered”定位到第四段第一句“Asian elephants have become endangered because of people’s hunting for their ivory.”，明确亚洲象濒危的原因是人们猎杀获取象牙，故选C。3. 主旨大意题：通读全文，文章先介绍世界动物日，再以亚洲象保护为例，最后号召大家行动保护野生动物，作者的核心目的是呼吁人们更好地保护野生动物，故选A。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A
【知识点】词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解基础题型，覆盖词义猜测、细节查找和主旨把握三类核心考点，考查学生的英语阅读与信息处理能力，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固相关阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 词义猜测题：定位到第四段划线词所在句“The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife.”，结合前文亚洲象濒危、政府推进保护的语境，可知harmonious意为“和谐的”，与friendly（友好的）意思相近，故选B。2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“Asian elephants become endangered”定位到第四段第一句“Asian elephants have become endangered because of people’s hunting for their ivory.”，明确亚洲象濒危的原因是人们猎杀获取象牙，故选C。3. 主旨大意题：通读全文，文章先介绍世界动物日，再以亚洲象保护为例，最后号召大家行动保护野生动物，作者的核心目的是呼吁人们更好地保护野生动物，故选A。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A
【知识点】词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解基础题型，覆盖词义猜测、细节查找和主旨把握三类核心考点，考查学生的英语阅读与信息处理能力，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固相关阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.7