七、信息还原。(2025·江苏无锡梁溪区期末)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。
Earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters. 1 It is a good way recommended by emergency management organizations(应急管理组织) in many countries. Remember these following tips, and you may protect yourself and your family.
Drop to your hands and knees under a table or a desk.
In the first few seconds after the shaking starts, try to quickly move away from anything that may fall and hurt you. 2 If you're in a public place like a store, do not rush away hurriedly. Get away from glass and walls to find a safe place to take cover. 3 A table or a desk can offer cover from falling things. Get down on your knees and stay under the table or the desk until the shaking stops.
4
Heads and necks are the most important as well as the easiest part to get hurt. If you're in bed during an earthquake, stay there and protect your head and neck with something soft, such as thick clothes or soft pillows(枕头). These things are soft enough to protect your head and neck. If there's nothing helpful, cover your face, head and neck with your hands and arms carefully.
Hold on and be careful.
Stay until the shaking completely stops. Be careful even when you get up as aftershocks can happen at any time after an earthquake. 5 Watch out for broken glass and falling walls. Be careful not to hurt yourself.
A. Cover your head and neck.
B. Keep calm if you're trapped.
C. You should have a plan during an earthquake.
D. If you're at home, look for a hard
piece of furniture.
E. If an aftershock happens, “drop, cover, and hold on” until it stops.
F. To survive an earthquake, remember “drop, cover, and hold on”.
G. Get low and walk away from any danger such as windows and shelves.
1.
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。
Earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters. 1 It is a good way recommended by emergency management organizations(应急管理组织) in many countries. Remember these following tips, and you may protect yourself and your family.
Drop to your hands and knees under a table or a desk.
In the first few seconds after the shaking starts, try to quickly move away from anything that may fall and hurt you. 2 If you're in a public place like a store, do not rush away hurriedly. Get away from glass and walls to find a safe place to take cover. 3 A table or a desk can offer cover from falling things. Get down on your knees and stay under the table or the desk until the shaking stops.
4
Heads and necks are the most important as well as the easiest part to get hurt. If you're in bed during an earthquake, stay there and protect your head and neck with something soft, such as thick clothes or soft pillows(枕头). These things are soft enough to protect your head and neck. If there's nothing helpful, cover your face, head and neck with your hands and arms carefully.
Hold on and be careful.
Stay until the shaking completely stops. Be careful even when you get up as aftershocks can happen at any time after an earthquake. 5 Watch out for broken glass and falling walls. Be careful not to hurt yourself.
A. Cover your head and neck.
B. Keep calm if you're trapped.
C. You should have a plan during an earthquake.
D. If you're at home, look for a hard
piece of furniture.E. If an aftershock happens, “drop, cover, and hold on” until it stops.
F. To survive an earthquake, remember “drop, cover, and hold on”.
G. Get low and walk away from any danger such as windows and shelves.
1.
F
2. G
3. D
4. A
5. E
答案：1. F 2. G 3. D 4. A 5. E
解析：
【分析】
本题为信息还原题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍地震自救的三个核心要点；2. 逐空分析，结合前后文语境、关键词匹配选项，排除多余选项；3. 验证所选选项是否使短文通顺连贯。
第1空：后文提到“这是应急管理组织推荐的好方法”，需引出地震自救的核心方法；第2空：前文强调远离危险物，需承接“远离危险”的内容；第3空：后文提到桌子提供掩护，需对应在家找合适家具的内容；第4空：后文围绕保护头颈部展开，需引出该段主旨；第5空：前文提到余震随时发生，需对应余震时的做法。
【解析】
1. 第1空：后文“it is a good way...”中的“it”指代地震自救方法，F选项“To survive an earthquake, remember ‘drop, cover, and hold on’”是地震自救的核心方法，符合语境，故选F；
2. 第2空：前文“try to quickly move away from anything that may fall and hurt you”强调远离危险物，G选项“Get low and walk away from any danger such as windows and shelves”承接上文的“远离危险”，符合逻辑，故选G；
3. 第3空：后文“A table or a desk can offer cover from falling things”提到桌子提供掩护，D选项“If you're at home, look for a hard piece of furniture”对应在家寻找合适家具的内容，与后文衔接，故选D；
4. 第4空：后文“Heads and necks are the most important as well as the easiest part to get hurt”围绕保护头颈部展开，A选项“Cover your head and neck”是该段主旨，故选A；
5. 第5空：前文“aftershocks can happen at any time after an earthquake”提到余震随时发生，E选项“If an aftershock happens, ‘drop, cover, and hold on’ until it stops”对应余震时的做法，符合语境，故选E。
【答案】
1.F 2.G 3.D 4.A 5.E
【知识点】
信息还原（七选五）、地震自救常识
【点评】
本题结合地震自救常识考查信息还原能力，需通过上下文语境和关键词匹配选项，难度适中，学生理清段落逻辑即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为信息还原题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍地震自救的三个核心要点；2. 逐空分析，结合前后文语境、关键词匹配选项，排除多余选项；3. 验证所选选项是否使短文通顺连贯。
第1空：后文提到“这是应急管理组织推荐的好方法”，需引出地震自救的核心方法；第2空：前文强调远离危险物，需承接“远离危险”的内容；第3空：后文提到桌子提供掩护，需对应在家找合适家具的内容；第4空：后文围绕保护头颈部展开，需引出该段主旨；第5空：前文提到余震随时发生，需对应余震时的做法。
【解析】
1. 第1空：后文“it is a good way...”中的“it”指代地震自救方法，F选项“To survive an earthquake, remember ‘drop, cover, and hold on’”是地震自救的核心方法，符合语境，故选F；
2. 第2空：前文“try to quickly move away from anything that may fall and hurt you”强调远离危险物，G选项“Get low and walk away from any danger such as windows and shelves”承接上文的“远离危险”，符合逻辑，故选G；
3. 第3空：后文“A table or a desk can offer cover from falling things”提到桌子提供掩护，D选项“If you're at home, look for a hard piece of furniture”对应在家寻找合适家具的内容，与后文衔接，故选D；
4. 第4空：后文“Heads and necks are the most important as well as the easiest part to get hurt”围绕保护头颈部展开，A选项“Cover your head and neck”是该段主旨，故选A；
5. 第5空：前文“aftershocks can happen at any time after an earthquake”提到余震随时发生，E选项“If an aftershock happens, ‘drop, cover, and hold on’ until it stops”对应余震时的做法，符合语境，故选E。
【答案】
1.F 2.G 3.D 4.A 5.E
【知识点】
信息还原（七选五）、地震自救常识
【点评】
本题结合地震自救常识考查信息还原能力，需通过上下文语境和关键词匹配选项，难度适中，学生理清段落逻辑即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6