三、阅读理解（16分）
A
（
A. She has no close friend and often feels lonely.
B. She hurt her friend Sandy and doesn't know what to do.
C. She fought with her friends Sandy and Lucy.
D. Her good friend Lucy told her secret to Sandy.
（
A. Angry.
B. Bored.
C. Sorry.
D. Happy.
（
A. When you apologize, you need to be sincere.
B. Amy has no courage to say sorry to Lucy face to face.
C. We should think it over again and again after we apologize.
D. Don't say sorry to someone if he or she doesn't accept your apology.
（
A. Say “that’s OK” to someone.
B. Give money to someone.
C. Feel sorry for someone.
D. Ask for help from someone.
A
（
B
）1. What's Elizabeth's problem?A. She has no close friend and often feels lonely.
B. She hurt her friend Sandy and doesn't know what to do.
C. She fought with her friends Sandy and Lucy.
D. Her good friend Lucy told her secret to Sandy.
（
C
）2. How does Elizabeth feel now?A. Angry.
B. Bored.
C. Sorry.
D. Happy.
（
A
）3. Which of the following is TRUE according to (根据) Amy's reply?A. When you apologize, you need to be sincere.
B. Amy has no courage to say sorry to Lucy face to face.
C. We should think it over again and again after we apologize.
D. Don't say sorry to someone if he or she doesn't accept your apology.
（
A
）4. What does the underlined word “forgive” mean?A. Say “that’s OK” to someone.
B. Give money to someone.
C. Feel sorry for someone.
D. Ask for help from someone.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A
解析：
【分析】
本题为书信类英语阅读理解题，需先通读两篇书信把握核心内容：Elizabeth因泄露朋友Sandy的秘密导致对方生气，不知如何应对；Amy给出了道歉、原谅自己等建议。解题时需针对每道题定位原文关键信息，结合语境分析选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第一封信，Elizabeth明确提到“I think I hurt my friend Sandy... What should I do?”，对应选项B；A选项（无朋友孤独）、C选项（与朋友打架）、D选项（Lucy泄露秘密）均与原文不符，故选B。
2. 第2题：第一封信中Elizabeth表述“I am really sorry.”，对应选项C；A（生气）是Sandy的感受，B（无聊）、D（开心）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：Amy回信第一条明确说明“Make a sincere apology. When you apologize, you should do it sincerely.”，对应选项A；B选项（Amy没勇气道歉）、C选项（道歉后反复思考）、D选项（对方不接受就不道歉）均与原文相悖，故选A。
4. 第4题：结合上下文“For some people, it takes time to forgive someone else”，此处指朋友生气后需要时间原谅，A选项“对某人说没关系”符合语境；B（给钱）、C（为某人难过）、D（求助）均不符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题考查书信类阅读理解的基础题型，侧重细节查找和词义猜测，解题关键是精准定位原文信息，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固相关阅读技能。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为书信类英语阅读理解题，需先通读两篇书信把握核心内容：Elizabeth因泄露朋友Sandy的秘密导致对方生气，不知如何应对；Amy给出了道歉、原谅自己等建议。解题时需针对每道题定位原文关键信息，结合语境分析选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第一封信，Elizabeth明确提到“I think I hurt my friend Sandy... What should I do?”，对应选项B；A选项（无朋友孤独）、C选项（与朋友打架）、D选项（Lucy泄露秘密）均与原文不符，故选B。
2. 第2题：第一封信中Elizabeth表述“I am really sorry.”，对应选项C；A（生气）是Sandy的感受，B（无聊）、D（开心）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：Amy回信第一条明确说明“Make a sincere apology. When you apologize, you should do it sincerely.”，对应选项A；B选项（Amy没勇气道歉）、C选项（道歉后反复思考）、D选项（对方不接受就不道歉）均与原文相悖，故选A。
4. 第4题：结合上下文“For some people, it takes time to forgive someone else”，此处指朋友生气后需要时间原谅，A选项“对某人说没关系”符合语境；B（给钱）、C（为某人难过）、D（求助）均不符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题考查书信类阅读理解的基础题型，侧重细节查找和词义猜测，解题关键是精准定位原文信息，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固相关阅读技能。
【难度系数】
0.6
B
In recent years, companies have begun to design robots as toys for children. These toys have become so popular that people are worried about the effects（影响）of friendships between robots and children.
In 1940, Isaac Asimov wrote a story called Robbie. In the story, a girl made friends with a robot and her mother was worried about their friendship. At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl’s life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot. In real life, there are also different ideas about humans being friends with robots.
Some people are worried because children might believe that robots are humans, not machines. It may seem strange that we can make friends with a machine, but just think of the friendly robots in science fiction（科幻小说）, from WALL-E to R2-D2. Could close relationships with a robot confuse（迷惑）children?
Some people think it’s possible. In the past, children would play with lifeless toys. But today’s robots are designed to express feelings in a human way, and some are able to play with children. When children say they don’t want to play, the robots will show their sadness. Also, they show ▲ when they do well in games.
In fact, there’s a real danger that humans forget that robots are not humans. In an experiment（实验）, researchers in Germany invited 89 people to interact（互动）with a robot and then turn it off. When they finished the interaction, the robot asked half of the people not to turn it off. These people hesitated（犹豫）before they did so and 13 of them agreed to keep it on!
Sometimes robots may make good friends for us. But let’s not forget—they aren’t living beings and they don’t have feelings. At least, not yet.
（
A. Because Robbie wrote a story.
B. Because Robbie played with her.
C. Because Robbie expressed feelings.
D. Because Robbie saved her child.
（
A. Brave.
B. Honest.
C. Friendly.
D. Humorous.
（
A. sadness
B. happiness
C. calmness
D. kindness
（
A. To tell us not to treat robots as humans.
B. To advise us to make friends with robots.
C. To ask us to read science fiction about robots.
D. To ask us to let robots do dangerous work.
In recent years, companies have begun to design robots as toys for children. These toys have become so popular that people are worried about the effects（影响）of friendships between robots and children.
In 1940, Isaac Asimov wrote a story called Robbie. In the story, a girl made friends with a robot and her mother was worried about their friendship. At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl’s life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot. In real life, there are also different ideas about humans being friends with robots.
Some people are worried because children might believe that robots are humans, not machines. It may seem strange that we can make friends with a machine, but just think of the friendly robots in science fiction（科幻小说）, from WALL-E to R2-D2. Could close relationships with a robot confuse（迷惑）children?
Some people think it’s possible. In the past, children would play with lifeless toys. But today’s robots are designed to express feelings in a human way, and some are able to play with children. When children say they don’t want to play, the robots will show their sadness. Also, they show ▲ when they do well in games.
In fact, there’s a real danger that humans forget that robots are not humans. In an experiment（实验）, researchers in Germany invited 89 people to interact（互动）with a robot and then turn it off. When they finished the interaction, the robot asked half of the people not to turn it off. These people hesitated（犹豫）before they did so and 13 of them agreed to keep it on!
Sometimes robots may make good friends for us. But let’s not forget—they aren’t living beings and they don’t have feelings. At least, not yet.
（
D
）5. Why did the mother change her ideas about Robbie?A. Because Robbie wrote a story.
B. Because Robbie played with her.
C. Because Robbie expressed feelings.
D. Because Robbie saved her child.
（
C
）6. What does the writer think of the robots like WALL-E and R2-D2?A. Brave.
B. Honest.
C. Friendly.
D. Humorous.
（
B
）7. Which of the following can be filled in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4?A. sadness
B. happiness
C. calmness
D. kindness
（
A
）8. Why does the writer write the passage?A. To tell us not to treat robots as humans.
B. To advise us to make friends with robots.
C. To ask us to read science fiction about robots.
D. To ask us to let robots do dangerous work.
答案：5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文信息解答各小题：
1. 第5题是细节理解题，解题思路是定位原文中关于Robbie故事的结尾内容，找到母亲改变想法的原因；
2. 第6题是细节理解题，需定位原文中对WALL-E和R2-D2的描述，提取作者的态度；
3. 第7题是词义猜测题，根据上下文对应情绪的逻辑关系（前文提到机器人表现sadness，后文游戏表现好对应正向情绪）推断答案；
4. 第8题是主旨大意题，需结合原文最后一段的核心观点，提炼文章主旨。
【解析】
1. 第5题：根据第二段最后一句“At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl’s life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot.”可知，母亲改变想法是因为Robbie救了她的孩子，对应选项D。
2. 第6题：根据第三段“just think of the friendly robots in science fiction, from WALL-E to R2-D2”可知，作者认为这类机器人是友好的，对应选项C。
3. 第7题：第四段前文提到机器人当孩子不想玩时会表现sadness（悲伤），后文“do well in games（游戏中表现好）”对应的正向情绪应为happiness（开心），对应选项B。
4. 第8题：最后一段点明核心观点“they aren’t living beings and they don’t have feelings”，即提醒人们不要把机器人当作人类，对应选项A。
【答案】
5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文围绕机器人与人类的友谊展开论述，通过举例和实验探讨相关争议，考查学生对英语阅读中细节、词义及主旨的理解能力，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文信息解答各小题：
1. 第5题是细节理解题，解题思路是定位原文中关于Robbie故事的结尾内容，找到母亲改变想法的原因；
2. 第6题是细节理解题，需定位原文中对WALL-E和R2-D2的描述，提取作者的态度；
3. 第7题是词义猜测题，根据上下文对应情绪的逻辑关系（前文提到机器人表现sadness，后文游戏表现好对应正向情绪）推断答案；
4. 第8题是主旨大意题，需结合原文最后一段的核心观点，提炼文章主旨。
【解析】
1. 第5题：根据第二段最后一句“At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl’s life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot.”可知，母亲改变想法是因为Robbie救了她的孩子，对应选项D。
2. 第6题：根据第三段“just think of the friendly robots in science fiction, from WALL-E to R2-D2”可知，作者认为这类机器人是友好的，对应选项C。
3. 第7题：第四段前文提到机器人当孩子不想玩时会表现sadness（悲伤），后文“do well in games（游戏中表现好）”对应的正向情绪应为happiness（开心），对应选项B。
4. 第8题：最后一段点明核心观点“they aren’t living beings and they don’t have feelings”，即提醒人们不要把机器人当作人类，对应选项A。
【答案】
5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文围绕机器人与人类的友谊展开论述，通过举例和实验探讨相关争议，考查学生对英语阅读中细节、词义及主旨的理解能力，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.6