四、词汇运用（9分）
1. The basketball team had a
2. The park is open daily
3. Writing diaries helps me understand my own
4. The snow fell
5. The new app can check if you
6. S
7. The neighbours decided to take a
8. The little girl cried out when she saw her finger was b
9. My parents are strongly a
1. The basketball team had a
successful
(成功的) season because all players worked together.2. The park is open daily
except
(除……之外) during storms for safety reasons.3. Writing diaries helps me understand my own
feelings
(情感) and thoughts better.4. The snow fell
heavily
(大量地) all day long and covered the whole playground in white.5. The new app can check if you
pronounce
(发音) the sentences right or wrong.6. S
ince
you've finished your homework, let's go to play basketball in the gym.7. The neighbours decided to take a
ction
together to clean up the park.8. The little girl cried out when she saw her finger was b
leeding
from the small cut.9. My parents are strongly a
gainst
me playing video games for hours every day.答案：1. successful 2. except 3. feelings 4. heavily 5. pronounce
6. Since 7. action 8. bleeding 9. against
6. Since 7. action 8. bleeding 9. against
解析：
【分析】本题为词汇运用题，需结合句意、词性要求及固定搭配填写正确单词。1. 空格修饰名词season，需用形容词；2. 需填表示“除……之外”的介词；3. “情感”常用复数形式；4. 修饰动词fell需用副词；5. 宾语从句中谓语用动词原形；6. 结合句意需填引导原因的连词；7. 考查固定搭配take action；8. 结合语境需填表示“流血”的现在分词；9. 考查固定搭配be against。
【解析】1. 修饰名词season用形容词，“成功的”对应successful，故填successful；2. 表示“除……之外”的介词为except，故填except；3. “情感”对应名词feelings，常用复数形式，故填feelings；4. 修饰动词fell（下雪）用副词，“大量地”对应heavily，故填heavily；5. 宾语从句主语为you，谓语用动词原形，“发音”对应pronounce，故填pronounce；6. 句意“既然你完成作业了”，需填连词Since，故填Since；7. 固定搭配take action意为“采取行动”，故填action；8. 结合语境“手指流血”，was后接现在分词，“流血”对应bleeding，故填bleeding；9. 固定搭配be against意为“反对”，故填against。
【答案】1. successful 2. except 3. feelings 4. heavily 5. pronounce 6. Since 7. action 8. bleeding 9. against
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配、词性辨析
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的正确运用，涵盖词性变化、固定搭配及连词的使用，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 修饰名词season用形容词，“成功的”对应successful，故填successful；2. 表示“除……之外”的介词为except，故填except；3. “情感”对应名词feelings，常用复数形式，故填feelings；4. 修饰动词fell（下雪）用副词，“大量地”对应heavily，故填heavily；5. 宾语从句主语为you，谓语用动词原形，“发音”对应pronounce，故填pronounce；6. 句意“既然你完成作业了”，需填连词Since，故填Since；7. 固定搭配take action意为“采取行动”，故填action；8. 结合语境“手指流血”，was后接现在分词，“流血”对应bleeding，故填bleeding；9. 固定搭配be against意为“反对”，故填against。
【答案】1. successful 2. except 3. feelings 4. heavily 5. pronounce 6. Since 7. action 8. bleeding 9. against
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配、词性辨析
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的正确运用，涵盖词性变化、固定搭配及连词的使用，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
五、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次（5分）
main snowstorm luck lead to plenty of
This year, countries all over the world faced a lot of terrible weather events. In January, heavy 1.
Some of these terrible weather events happened 5.
main snowstorm luck lead to plenty of
This year, countries all over the world faced a lot of terrible weather events. In January, heavy 1.
snowstorms
hit Canada, causing many problems. In July, 2. plenty of
rain hit Germany hard, and there were heavy floods. In August, wildfire swept through America, burning across hundreds of square kilometres. In September, a volcano（火山） in Spain broke out and 3. led to
damaged crops. The volcano ash（灰） completely covered many roads, fields, and houses. In December, a number of tornadoes（龙卷风） struck the US state of Kentucky, killing 92 4. unlucky
people.Some of these terrible weather events happened 5.
mainly
because of climate change, said scientists.答案：1. snowstorms 2. plenty of 3. led to 4. unlucky 5. mainly
解析：
【分析】
本题为选词填空题型，需先明确方框内单词/短语的含义及形式，再结合每个句子的语境、语法要求（词性、时态、单复数等）选择合适的词并变形，确保每个单词/短语仅用一次。具体步骤：1. 先梳理方框内词汇：main（形容词，主要的）、snowstorm（名词，暴风雪）、luck（名词，运气）、lead to（动词短语，导致）、plenty of（短语，大量的）；2. 逐个分析句子：根据空格前后的词性、语境判断所需词汇，再调整为正确形式，如名词变复数、动词变过去式、形容词变副词等。
【解析】
1. 空格前为形容词heavy，需接名词作宾语，结合语境“加拿大遭遇恶劣天气”，选择snowstorm，此处表泛指用复数形式，故填snowstorms；
2. 空格后为不可数名词rain，需用短语修饰，plenty of可修饰不可数名词，符合语境，故填plenty of；
3. 空格处与前面的broke out（过去式）为并列谓语，需用动词短语的过去式，lead to的过去式为led to，表“火山爆发导致农作物受损”，故填led to；
4. 空格后为名词people，需用形容词修饰，结合语境“龙卷风造成死亡”，luck变形容词unlucky（不幸的），故填unlucky；
5. 空格处修饰动词happened，需用副词，main变副词mainly（主要地），表“主要因为气候变化”，故填mainly。
【答案】
1. snowstorms 2. plenty of 3. led to 4. unlucky 5. mainly
【知识点】
形容词与副词变形、动词时态、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查选词填空，侧重词汇在语境中的正确运用，需掌握词性转换、动词时态及短语搭配等基础知识点，难度适中，适合初中学生巩固相关知识。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为选词填空题型，需先明确方框内单词/短语的含义及形式，再结合每个句子的语境、语法要求（词性、时态、单复数等）选择合适的词并变形，确保每个单词/短语仅用一次。具体步骤：1. 先梳理方框内词汇：main（形容词，主要的）、snowstorm（名词，暴风雪）、luck（名词，运气）、lead to（动词短语，导致）、plenty of（短语，大量的）；2. 逐个分析句子：根据空格前后的词性、语境判断所需词汇，再调整为正确形式，如名词变复数、动词变过去式、形容词变副词等。
【解析】
1. 空格前为形容词heavy，需接名词作宾语，结合语境“加拿大遭遇恶劣天气”，选择snowstorm，此处表泛指用复数形式，故填snowstorms；
2. 空格后为不可数名词rain，需用短语修饰，plenty of可修饰不可数名词，符合语境，故填plenty of；
3. 空格处与前面的broke out（过去式）为并列谓语，需用动词短语的过去式，lead to的过去式为led to，表“火山爆发导致农作物受损”，故填led to；
4. 空格后为名词people，需用形容词修饰，结合语境“龙卷风造成死亡”，luck变形容词unlucky（不幸的），故填unlucky；
5. 空格处修饰动词happened，需用副词，main变副词mainly（主要地），表“主要因为气候变化”，故填mainly。
【答案】
1. snowstorms 2. plenty of 3. led to 4. unlucky 5. mainly
【知识点】
形容词与副词变形、动词时态、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查选词填空，侧重词汇在语境中的正确运用，需掌握词性转换、动词时态及短语搭配等基础知识点，难度适中，适合初中学生巩固相关知识。
【难度系数】
0.5
六、短文填空（10分）
Albert Einstein once said, “I have no special talents. I am only curious.” The greatest inventions in history would be 1.
Curiosity can bring new inventions. Benjamin Franklin is 2.
Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer (先驱) of space exploration (探索). He invented a “flying chair”! While he was 5.
But curiosity is more than just taking risks. It also drives people towards certain goals. Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and 8.
As Jacques said, “What’s a scientist after all? It’s a curious man looking through the keyhole of nature, trying to find out the 10.
Albert Einstein once said, “I have no special talents. I am only curious.” The greatest inventions in history would be 1.
impossible
(possible) without curiosity.Curiosity can bring new inventions. Benjamin Franklin is 2.
a
great example. He wanted to understand electricity (电) 3. correctly
(correct), so he flew a kite during a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod (避雷针). It protected buildings from 4. getting
(get) hit by lightning.Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer (先驱) of space exploration (探索). He invented a “flying chair”! While he was 5.
recording
(record) what happened, the flying chair with fireworks suddenly blew up. He lost his life, but thanks 6. to
him, future explorers got new ideas. People learnt from his example and created even 7. safer
(safe) ways to explore space.But curiosity is more than just taking risks. It also drives people towards certain goals. Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and 8.
inventor
(invent), was curious about the world. He wondered 9. if
the way stars and planets move follows certain patterns. He spent years studying the sky and the earth. Finally, he invented the earthquake detector (地动仪).As Jacques said, “What’s a scientist after all? It’s a curious man looking through the keyhole of nature, trying to find out the 10.
truth
(true).” Curiosity is the key答案：1. impossible 2. a 3. correctly 4. getting 5. recording
6. to 7. safer 8. inventor 9. if 10. truth
6. to 7. safer 8. inventor 9. if 10. truth
解析：
【分析】
先通读全文理解主旨：好奇心对发明与探索的重要性。解题时需结合上下文语境，依据词性、固定搭配、语法规则（时态、非谓语、从句等）逐一分析每个空格：1. 需结合句意判断形容词的反义词；2. 考查冠词泛指用法；3. 需用副词修饰动词；4. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语形式；5. 考查过去进行时的现在分词；6. 考查固定短语；7. 考查形容词比较级；8. 考查名词形式；9. 考查宾语从句引导词；10. 考查名词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：没有好奇心，历史上最伟大的发明可能是不可能的，故填possible的反义词impossible；
2. 此处泛指“一个好例子”，great以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；
3. 修饰动词understand，需用副词correctly；
4. 固定搭配protect...from doing sth，故get变为getting；
5. 过去进行时结构为was + 现在分词，故填recording；
6. 固定短语thanks to（多亏），填介词to；
7. even用于修饰形容词比较级，故填safe的比较级safer；
8. 与scientist并列指人，需用名词inventor（发明家）；
9. 宾语从句表“是否”，用引导词if；
10. find out后接名词，true的名词形式为truth。
【答案】
1. impossible 2. a 3. correctly 4. getting 5. recording 6. to 7. safer 8. inventor 9. if 10. truth
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、基础语法
【点评】
本题围绕“好奇心的重要性”展开，为短文填空题型，主要考查词汇词性变化、固定短语搭配及基础语法，需结合语境与语法规则解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
先通读全文理解主旨：好奇心对发明与探索的重要性。解题时需结合上下文语境，依据词性、固定搭配、语法规则（时态、非谓语、从句等）逐一分析每个空格：1. 需结合句意判断形容词的反义词；2. 考查冠词泛指用法；3. 需用副词修饰动词；4. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语形式；5. 考查过去进行时的现在分词；6. 考查固定短语；7. 考查形容词比较级；8. 考查名词形式；9. 考查宾语从句引导词；10. 考查名词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：没有好奇心，历史上最伟大的发明可能是不可能的，故填possible的反义词impossible；
2. 此处泛指“一个好例子”，great以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；
3. 修饰动词understand，需用副词correctly；
4. 固定搭配protect...from doing sth，故get变为getting；
5. 过去进行时结构为was + 现在分词，故填recording；
6. 固定短语thanks to（多亏），填介词to；
7. even用于修饰形容词比较级，故填safe的比较级safer；
8. 与scientist并列指人，需用名词inventor（发明家）；
9. 宾语从句表“是否”，用引导词if；
10. find out后接名词，true的名词形式为truth。
【答案】
1. impossible 2. a 3. correctly 4. getting 5. recording 6. to 7. safer 8. inventor 9. if 10. truth
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、基础语法
【点评】
本题围绕“好奇心的重要性”展开，为短文填空题型，主要考查词汇词性变化、固定短语搭配及基础语法，需结合语境与语法规则解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6