四、阅读理解
Money always moves between people. When money moves from one person to another, it's known as an exchange or transaction (交易). Here are the main ways it happens.
| Earning（收入） | Spending |
| --- | --- |
| Most people earn money by doing a job. Somebody pays them for the job. | People earn money, and then spend money on things they need, such as food and energy, and things they want, such as books and trips. |
| Taxation（税收）
People can't keep all the money they make. Most people have to give some to the country to help pay for public services（公共事业）, such as schools and hospitals. This is known as taxation. | | Donating（捐赠）
Some groups and organizations need people to give them money. Giving money to something you support is known as donating. |
| Borrowing and lending
When people don't have enough money to do something, they can sometimes borrow money from somewhere else, such as a bank. Lending money is known as a loan（借款）. All loans have to be paid back. | Investing（投资）
If you invest some money, you spend money on something to make more money from it in the end. There are many different ways to invest. |
() 1. Which of the following is "earning"?
A. Getting money by working.
B. Spending money on clothes.
C. Donating money to the poor.
D. Giving money to the country.
() 2. You buy a piece of art. Later you can sell（卖）it and make some money. What is it called?
A. Donating.
B. Taxation.
C. Borrowing and lending.
D. Investing.
() 3. What is the purpose（目的）of the passage?
A. To help groups and organizations raise money.
B. To introduce ways money moves.
C. To give advice on spending money.
D. To talk about ways to invest.