B
Everyone has a family name. In China, the family name comes first, but in England the family name comes last. Do you know how English people get their family names? And what do they mean（表示……的意思）? English people get their family names in the following ways.
Some family names come from where people's home are. A man lives on or near a hill, and his family name may be Hill. In England, their family name may be Wood or Lake because they live near the wood or the lake. Some family names come from their jobs. If he is a cook, his family name may be Cook. And many people get their family names from their father's name. If you see the family name Jackson, you can know he is the son of Jack.
(
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
(
A. Hill B. Wood C. Lake D. Cook
(
A. Jack's father B. Jack's friend
C. the father of Jack D. the son of Jack
Everyone has a family name. In China, the family name comes first, but in England the family name comes last. Do you know how English people get their family names? And what do they mean（表示……的意思）? English people get their family names in the following ways.
Some family names come from where people's home are. A man lives on or near a hill, and his family name may be Hill. In England, their family name may be Wood or Lake because they live near the wood or the lake. Some family names come from their jobs. If he is a cook, his family name may be Cook. And many people get their family names from their father's name. If you see the family name Jackson, you can know he is the son of Jack.
(
B
) 34. In how many ways can English people get their family names?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
(
C
) 35. A man lives near a lake, and his family name may be .A. Hill B. Wood C. Lake D. Cook
(
D
) 36. A boy's family name is Jackson probably because he is .A. Jack's father B. Jack's friend
C. the father of Jack D. the son of Jack
答案：34.B 35.C 36.D
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，需先通读原文，定位各问题对应的原文信息，逐一分析选项得出答案。
【解析】
34题：根据原文第二段，英国人获取姓氏的方式有三种：①来自居住的地方（如Hill、Wood、Lake）；②来自职业（如Cook）；③来自父亲的名字（如Jackson），共三种，故选B。
35题：原文明确提到“In England, their family name may be Wood or Lake because they live near the wood or the lake.”，因此住在湖边的人姓氏可能是Lake，故选C。
36题：原文最后指出“If you see the family name Jackson, you can know he is the son of Jack.”，故Jackson是Jack的儿子，选D。
【答案】
34.B 35.C 36.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、英语文化常识
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的细节定位能力，需结合原文对应信息解题，难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，需先通读原文，定位各问题对应的原文信息，逐一分析选项得出答案。
【解析】
34题：根据原文第二段，英国人获取姓氏的方式有三种：①来自居住的地方（如Hill、Wood、Lake）；②来自职业（如Cook）；③来自父亲的名字（如Jackson），共三种，故选B。
35题：原文明确提到“In England, their family name may be Wood or Lake because they live near the wood or the lake.”，因此住在湖边的人姓氏可能是Lake，故选C。
36题：原文最后指出“If you see the family name Jackson, you can know he is the son of Jack.”，故Jackson是Jack的儿子，选D。
【答案】
34.B 35.C 36.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、英语文化常识
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的细节定位能力，需结合原文对应信息解题，难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
C
My name is Itati. Itati means “white stone” in Guarani（瓜拉尼语）. I can speak two languages（语言）. They are Guarani and Spanish（西班牙语）.
My name is Andre. I live in Canada. I speak French and English. My teachers use French and English in many classes, such as Reading.
续表
My name is Nelli. Nelli means “truth” in Nahuatl（纳瓦特尔语）, the language of the Aztecs（阿兹特克人）. I speak two languages—Nahuatl and Spanish. The Spanish learned about cacao from the Aztecs and brought it back to Europe. The English word “chocolate” comes from a Nahuatl word.
My name is Doli, and I am Navajo（纳瓦霍人）. Doli means “bluebird” in Navajo. I speak two languages. I speak English and Navajo. My grandfather used the Navajo language to keep military secrets（秘密） safe during World War Ⅱ.
(
A. Itati and Andre.
B. Nelli and Doli.
C. Andre and Doli.
D. Doli and Itati.
(
A. Spanish and English.
B. French and English.
C. Guarani and Spanish.
D. English and Navajo.
(
A. white stone
B. chocolate
C. truth
D. bluebird
(
A. Itati’s parents like white stone.
B. Andre likes French and Reading.
C. “Chocolate” wasn’t an English word at first.
D. Doli’s grandfather can’t speak English.
My name is Itati. Itati means “white stone” in Guarani（瓜拉尼语）. I can speak two languages（语言）. They are Guarani and Spanish（西班牙语）.
My name is Andre. I live in Canada. I speak French and English. My teachers use French and English in many classes, such as Reading.
续表
My name is Nelli. Nelli means “truth” in Nahuatl（纳瓦特尔语）, the language of the Aztecs（阿兹特克人）. I speak two languages—Nahuatl and Spanish. The Spanish learned about cacao from the Aztecs and brought it back to Europe. The English word “chocolate” comes from a Nahuatl word.
My name is Doli, and I am Navajo（纳瓦霍人）. Doli means “bluebird” in Navajo. I speak two languages. I speak English and Navajo. My grandfather used the Navajo language to keep military secrets（秘密） safe during World War Ⅱ.
(
C
) 37. Who can speak English?A. Itati and Andre.
B. Nelli and Doli.
C. Andre and Doli.
D. Doli and Itati.
(
B
) 38. What languages do Andre’s teachers use in Reading class?A. Spanish and English.
B. French and English.
C. Guarani and Spanish.
D. English and Navajo.
(
C
) 39. “Nelli” means “” in Nahuatl.A. white stone
B. chocolate
C. truth
D. bluebird
(
C
) 40. What can you infer（推断） according to the passage?A. Itati’s parents like white stone.
B. Andre likes French and Reading.
C. “Chocolate” wasn’t an English word at first.
D. Doli’s grandfather can’t speak English.
答案：37.C 38.B 39.C 40.C
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需根据每道题的问题，回到原文定位对应关键信息，通过匹配原文内容与选项得出答案。具体思路：37题定位人物的语言信息；38题定位Andre老师在阅读课使用的语言；39题定位Nelli名字的含义；40题需结合原文细节进行合理推断，排除错误选项。
【解析】
37题：原文中Andre提到“I speak French and English”，Doli提到“I speak English and Navajo”，可知会说英语的是Andre和Doli，对应选项C。
38题：原文Andre部分明确说明“My teachers use French and English in many classes, such as Reading.”，即阅读课使用法语和英语，对应选项B。
39题：原文Nelli部分指出“Nelli means “truth” in Nahuatl”，对应选项C。
40题：A选项原文未提及Itati父母的喜好；B选项原文未说明Andre喜欢法语和阅读；C选项原文“The English word “chocolate” comes from a Nahuatl word.”表明“chocolate”最初并非英语词，推断合理；D选项原文仅提到Doli祖父用Navajo保密，未说明祖父不会英语，错误。对应选项C。
【答案】
37.C 38.B 39.C 40.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕不同人物的语言相关内容展开，侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节信息及简单推理的能力，题目难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需根据每道题的问题，回到原文定位对应关键信息，通过匹配原文内容与选项得出答案。具体思路：37题定位人物的语言信息；38题定位Andre老师在阅读课使用的语言；39题定位Nelli名字的含义；40题需结合原文细节进行合理推断，排除错误选项。
【解析】
37题：原文中Andre提到“I speak French and English”，Doli提到“I speak English and Navajo”，可知会说英语的是Andre和Doli，对应选项C。
38题：原文Andre部分明确说明“My teachers use French and English in many classes, such as Reading.”，即阅读课使用法语和英语，对应选项B。
39题：原文Nelli部分指出“Nelli means “truth” in Nahuatl”，对应选项C。
40题：A选项原文未提及Itati父母的喜好；B选项原文未说明Andre喜欢法语和阅读；C选项原文“The English word “chocolate” comes from a Nahuatl word.”表明“chocolate”最初并非英语词，推断合理；D选项原文仅提到Doli祖父用Navajo保密，未说明祖父不会英语，错误。对应选项C。
【答案】
37.C 38.B 39.C 40.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕不同人物的语言相关内容展开，侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节信息及简单推理的能力，题目难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6