三、阅读理解
Heman Bekele was born in Africa. He saw people there working under the hot sun without protection for their skin. That made them vulnerable to skin cancer (癌症), an illness caused by too much exposure (暴露) to the sun. Treating cancer usually costs a lot. Heman wondered if there was a cheaper way to deal with that. He came up with an idea: adding medicines for skin cancer to soaps. “What is something that everyone can use?” Heman thought. “Everyone uses soap and water for cleaning. So soap may be the best choice.”
Heman needed help to bring his idea to life. In 2023, he joined the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. He sent a video, explaining what he wanted to do. Finally, he won the challenge and got the prize of 25,000.
Since then, Heman has been working on his idea. Adult experts from 3M offer him help. “I got really lucky,” one of the experts, Deborah Isabelle, said. “Last year I worked with Heman. He’s an amazing, active, very inspiring young man.”
It can take years before the soap is available for people to buy. But Heman is still hopeful. Over the summer, he spent every weekday in the lab. “It’s absolutely wonderful to think that one day, my bar of soap will be able to have a direct influence on somebody else’s life.”
( ) 1. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean?
A. Weak. B. Safe. C. Normal. D. Brave.
( ) 2. What did Heman think of the idea of using soap?
A. It’s an expensive way. B. It’s a cheap way.
C. It’s a clean way. D. It’s a successful way.
( ) 3. What did the 3M challenge bring to Heman?
A. Support. B. Medicines. C. An idea. D. A position.
( ) 4. Which words can best describe Heman?
A. Humorous and funny.
B. Outgoing and friendly.
C. Hard-working and kind.
D. Interesting and active.
( ) 5. What is Heman’s attitude towards the future of the soap?
A. Worried. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful.
Heman Bekele was born in Africa. He saw people there working under the hot sun without protection for their skin. That made them vulnerable to skin cancer (癌症), an illness caused by too much exposure (暴露) to the sun. Treating cancer usually costs a lot. Heman wondered if there was a cheaper way to deal with that. He came up with an idea: adding medicines for skin cancer to soaps. “What is something that everyone can use?” Heman thought. “Everyone uses soap and water for cleaning. So soap may be the best choice.”
Heman needed help to bring his idea to life. In 2023, he joined the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. He sent a video, explaining what he wanted to do. Finally, he won the challenge and got the prize of 25,000.
Since then, Heman has been working on his idea. Adult experts from 3M offer him help. “I got really lucky,” one of the experts, Deborah Isabelle, said. “Last year I worked with Heman. He’s an amazing, active, very inspiring young man.”
It can take years before the soap is available for people to buy. But Heman is still hopeful. Over the summer, he spent every weekday in the lab. “It’s absolutely wonderful to think that one day, my bar of soap will be able to have a direct influence on somebody else’s life.”
( ) 1. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean?
A. Weak. B. Safe. C. Normal. D. Brave.
( ) 2. What did Heman think of the idea of using soap?
A. It’s an expensive way. B. It’s a cheap way.
C. It’s a clean way. D. It’s a successful way.
( ) 3. What did the 3M challenge bring to Heman?
A. Support. B. Medicines. C. An idea. D. A position.
( ) 4. Which words can best describe Heman?
A. Humorous and funny.
B. Outgoing and friendly.
C. Hard-working and kind.
D. Interesting and active.
( ) 5. What is Heman’s attitude towards the future of the soap?
A. Worried. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful.
答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境：文中提到人们在烈日下工作无皮肤保护，易患皮肤癌，由此推断vulnerable意为“易受伤害的”，对应选项A。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，定位第一段：Heman想找更便宜的方法应对皮肤癌，认为肥皂是大家都使用的，所以觉得用肥皂的方法便宜，选B。
3. 第3题是细节理解题，定位第三段：参加3M挑战后，3M的专家提供帮助，说明挑战带来了支持，选A。
4. 第4题是推理判断题，从文中Heman花每个工作日在实验室（努力）、想帮助他人（善良），对应选项C。
5. 第5题是态度观点题，定位第四段：Heman对肥皂的未来仍充满希望，选D。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测：根据第一段“people there working under the hot sun without protection for their skin. That made them vulnerable to skin cancer”，可知无皮肤保护易患皮肤癌，vulnerable意为“易受伤害的”，故选A。
2. 细节理解：根据第一段“Heman wondered if there was a cheaper way to deal with that... So soap may be the best choice”，可知Heman认为用肥皂是便宜的方法，故选B。
3. 细节理解：根据第三段“Adult experts from 3M offer him help”，可知3M挑战给他带来了支持，故选A。
4. 推理判断：根据第四段“Over the summer, he spent every weekday in the lab”（努力）和他想帮助他人的初衷（善良），可知Heman是努力且善良的，故选C。
5. 态度观点：根据第四段“But Heman is still hopeful”，可知他对肥皂的未来充满希望，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文为人物故事类阅读理解，围绕Heman的发明想法展开，考查学生对词义、细节、人物品质及态度的理解，题目难度适中，需学生精准定位原文信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境：文中提到人们在烈日下工作无皮肤保护，易患皮肤癌，由此推断vulnerable意为“易受伤害的”，对应选项A。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，定位第一段：Heman想找更便宜的方法应对皮肤癌，认为肥皂是大家都使用的，所以觉得用肥皂的方法便宜，选B。
3. 第3题是细节理解题，定位第三段：参加3M挑战后，3M的专家提供帮助，说明挑战带来了支持，选A。
4. 第4题是推理判断题，从文中Heman花每个工作日在实验室（努力）、想帮助他人（善良），对应选项C。
5. 第5题是态度观点题，定位第四段：Heman对肥皂的未来仍充满希望，选D。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测：根据第一段“people there working under the hot sun without protection for their skin. That made them vulnerable to skin cancer”，可知无皮肤保护易患皮肤癌，vulnerable意为“易受伤害的”，故选A。
2. 细节理解：根据第一段“Heman wondered if there was a cheaper way to deal with that... So soap may be the best choice”，可知Heman认为用肥皂是便宜的方法，故选B。
3. 细节理解：根据第三段“Adult experts from 3M offer him help”，可知3M挑战给他带来了支持，故选A。
4. 推理判断：根据第四段“Over the summer, he spent every weekday in the lab”（努力）和他想帮助他人的初衷（善良），可知Heman是努力且善良的，故选C。
5. 态度观点：根据第四段“But Heman is still hopeful”，可知他对肥皂的未来充满希望，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文为人物故事类阅读理解，围绕Heman的发明想法展开，考查学生对词义、细节、人物品质及态度的理解，题目难度适中，需学生精准定位原文信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6