Ⅱ. 按要求完成下列各题
1. She swims very quickly.（改为感叹句）
2. The dragon boat teams were fantastic.（改为感叹句）
3. Chongqing is an interesting city.（改为感叹句）
4. It's a clever monkey.（改为感叹句）
5. How useful the dictionary is!（改为同义句）
1. She swims very quickly.（改为感叹句）
How
quickly
she swims!2. The dragon boat teams were fantastic.（改为感叹句）
How
fantastic
the dragon boat teams were!3. Chongqing is an interesting city.（改为感叹句）
What
an
interesting city Chongqing is!4. It's a clever monkey.（改为感叹句）
What
a
clever
monkey
it is!5. How useful the dictionary is!（改为同义句）
What
a
useful
dictionary
it is!答案：1. How quickly 2. How fantastic
3. What an 4. What a clever monkey
5. What a useful dictionary
3. What an 4. What a clever monkey
5. What a useful dictionary
解析：
【分析】
本题考查英语感叹句的转换及同义句转换，需先明确感叹句的两种核心结构：How用于修饰形容词、副词，结构为“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！”；What用于修饰名词，结构为“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。结合每个小题的关键词判断引导词类型，再调整语序完成转换即可。
【解析】
1. 句中quickly是副词，需用How引导感叹句，故填How quickly；
2. 句中fantastic是形容词，修饰名词teams，用How引导，故填How fantastic；
3. 句中interesting city是名词短语，interesting以元音音素开头，需加不定冠词an，用What引导，故填What an；
4. 句中clever monkey是名词短语，clever以辅音音素开头，用What a引导，故填What a clever monkey；
5. How引导的感叹句转换为What引导的同义句，保留核心名词dictionary，故填What a useful dictionary。
【答案】1. How quickly 2. How fantastic 3. What an 4. What a clever monkey 5. What a useful dictionary
【知识点】英语感叹句结构、同义句转换
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法中感叹句的两种句式运用及同义句转换，属于常规基础题型，只要掌握感叹句的构成规则就能正确解答，是英语学习的重点考点。
【难度系数】0.3
本题考查英语感叹句的转换及同义句转换，需先明确感叹句的两种核心结构：How用于修饰形容词、副词，结构为“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！”；What用于修饰名词，结构为“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。结合每个小题的关键词判断引导词类型，再调整语序完成转换即可。
【解析】
1. 句中quickly是副词，需用How引导感叹句，故填How quickly；
2. 句中fantastic是形容词，修饰名词teams，用How引导，故填How fantastic；
3. 句中interesting city是名词短语，interesting以元音音素开头，需加不定冠词an，用What引导，故填What an；
4. 句中clever monkey是名词短语，clever以辅音音素开头，用What a引导，故填What a clever monkey；
5. How引导的感叹句转换为What引导的同义句，保留核心名词dictionary，故填What a useful dictionary。
【答案】1. How quickly 2. How fantastic 3. What an 4. What a clever monkey 5. What a useful dictionary
【知识点】英语感叹句结构、同义句转换
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法中感叹句的两种句式运用及同义句转换，属于常规基础题型，只要掌握感叹句的构成规则就能正确解答，是英语学习的重点考点。
【难度系数】0.3
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Yogurt is a kind of healthy food that people can make at home. One way to make it is to buy some dry yogurt from a store. Add two small spoons of dry yogurt to two cups of milk. This will be the starter（发酵剂） for your own yogurt. You also need to prepare some clean utensils, like cups and a cooking pot.
When making yogurt, it is very important to have a right temperature. Pour eight cups of milk into a large cooking pot. Heat the milk to $85°\mathrm{C}$. Then cool the milk quickly to $43°\mathrm{C}$. To do this, you can put the cooking pot in cool water. Keep the milk at $43°\mathrm{C}$ and add half a cup of the starter. If you want a thicker yogurt, you can add another one-third of a cup. Cover the pot and keep it at a temperature of $40°\mathrm{C}$ to $45°\mathrm{C}$ for four to six hours. After that, your homemade yogurt is ready. You can also add fruit, nuts, honey or spices to make the taste richer.
Yogurt can be made with milk from cows or other animals, including goats and sheep. If you want more information about making it, you can go online and visit websites.
1. What does the underlined word "utensils" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Instruments.
B. Ingredients.
C. Places.
D. Drinks.
2. What are necessary ingredients to make yogurt at home?
A. Fruit and nuts.
B. Spices and fruit.
C. Honey and spices.
D. Milk and dry yogurt.
3. What's the best temperature of the milk for adding the starter?
A. $40°\mathrm{C}$.
B. $43°\mathrm{C}$.
C. $45°\mathrm{C}$.
D. $85°\mathrm{C}$.
4. What is the correct order of the following steps of making yogurt at home?
①Add some starter into the milk.
②Heat the milk and then cool it.
③Make some yogurt starter.
④Pour some milk into a big pot.
⑤Cover the pot and keep it for some time.
A. ①③②⑤④
B. ③④②①⑤
C. ④⑤①③②
D. ②③④⑤①
5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. How to Make Yogurt on the Farm
B. How to Make Yogurt at Home
C. How to Teach Others to Make Yogurt
D. How to Teach Family to Make Yogurt on TV
Yogurt is a kind of healthy food that people can make at home. One way to make it is to buy some dry yogurt from a store. Add two small spoons of dry yogurt to two cups of milk. This will be the starter（发酵剂） for your own yogurt. You also need to prepare some clean utensils, like cups and a cooking pot.
When making yogurt, it is very important to have a right temperature. Pour eight cups of milk into a large cooking pot. Heat the milk to $85°\mathrm{C}$. Then cool the milk quickly to $43°\mathrm{C}$. To do this, you can put the cooking pot in cool water. Keep the milk at $43°\mathrm{C}$ and add half a cup of the starter. If you want a thicker yogurt, you can add another one-third of a cup. Cover the pot and keep it at a temperature of $40°\mathrm{C}$ to $45°\mathrm{C}$ for four to six hours. After that, your homemade yogurt is ready. You can also add fruit, nuts, honey or spices to make the taste richer.
Yogurt can be made with milk from cows or other animals, including goats and sheep. If you want more information about making it, you can go online and visit websites.
1. What does the underlined word "utensils" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Instruments.
B. Ingredients.
C. Places.
D. Drinks.
2. What are necessary ingredients to make yogurt at home?
A. Fruit and nuts.
B. Spices and fruit.
C. Honey and spices.
D. Milk and dry yogurt.
3. What's the best temperature of the milk for adding the starter?
A. $40°\mathrm{C}$.
B. $43°\mathrm{C}$.
C. $45°\mathrm{C}$.
D. $85°\mathrm{C}$.
4. What is the correct order of the following steps of making yogurt at home?
①Add some starter into the milk.
②Heat the milk and then cool it.
③Make some yogurt starter.
④Pour some milk into a big pot.
⑤Cover the pot and keep it for some time.
A. ①③②⑤④
B. ③④②①⑤
C. ④⑤①③②
D. ②③④⑤①
5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. How to Make Yogurt on the Farm
B. How to Make Yogurt at Home
C. How to Teach Others to Make Yogurt
D. How to Teach Family to Make Yogurt on TV
答案：本文主要介绍了如何在家制作酸奶。
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.B
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.B
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇关于在家制作酸奶的阅读理解题，共5道小题，分别考查词义猜测、细节理解、语句排序和主旨大意。解题时需先通读原文把握核心内容，再针对每道题定位原文对应信息：第1题通过utensils后的举例判断词义；第2题区分制作酸奶的必要原料与可选添加物；第3题定位加入发酵剂的温度；第4题梳理制作步骤的先后顺序；第5题概括全文主旨。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段“you also need to prepare some clean utensils, like cups and a cooking pot”可知，cups（杯子）和cooking pot（锅）属于器具，故utensils意为“器具”，对应A选项Instruments。
2. 细节理解题：根据第一段“Add two small spoons of dry yogurt to two cups of milk. This will be the starter for your own yogurt.”可知，制作酸奶的必要原料是干酸奶和牛奶，水果、坚果等是可选添加物，故选D。
3. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Keep the milk at 43°C and add half a cup of the starter”可知，加入发酵剂的最佳温度是43°C，故选B。
4. 细节排序题：梳理制作步骤：③先制作酸奶发酵剂→④把牛奶倒入大锅中→②加热牛奶至85°C再冷却至43°C→①加入发酵剂→⑤盖上锅保温4-6小时，正确顺序为③④②①⑤，故选B。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕在家制作酸奶的方法展开，故最佳标题为How to Make Yogurt at Home，选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意）
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解的基础题型，涵盖词义猜测、细节查找、语句排序和主旨概括，需学生精准定位原文信息，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇关于在家制作酸奶的阅读理解题，共5道小题，分别考查词义猜测、细节理解、语句排序和主旨大意。解题时需先通读原文把握核心内容，再针对每道题定位原文对应信息：第1题通过utensils后的举例判断词义；第2题区分制作酸奶的必要原料与可选添加物；第3题定位加入发酵剂的温度；第4题梳理制作步骤的先后顺序；第5题概括全文主旨。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段“you also need to prepare some clean utensils, like cups and a cooking pot”可知，cups（杯子）和cooking pot（锅）属于器具，故utensils意为“器具”，对应A选项Instruments。
2. 细节理解题：根据第一段“Add two small spoons of dry yogurt to two cups of milk. This will be the starter for your own yogurt.”可知，制作酸奶的必要原料是干酸奶和牛奶，水果、坚果等是可选添加物，故选D。
3. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Keep the milk at 43°C and add half a cup of the starter”可知，加入发酵剂的最佳温度是43°C，故选B。
4. 细节排序题：梳理制作步骤：③先制作酸奶发酵剂→④把牛奶倒入大锅中→②加热牛奶至85°C再冷却至43°C→①加入发酵剂→⑤盖上锅保温4-6小时，正确顺序为③④②①⑤，故选B。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕在家制作酸奶的方法展开，故最佳标题为How to Make Yogurt at Home，选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意）
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解的基础题型，涵盖词义猜测、细节查找、语句排序和主旨概括，需学生精准定位原文信息，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6