B
Deep sadness spread across China's social media as news spread that famous physicist Chen-Ning Yang had passed away. Yang, a Nobel Prize winner and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, died in Beijing at the age of 103.
Yang was born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui Province, at a time when China was poor. He studied at Tsinghua University and later went to the United States to further his education. Yang became famous for his work on parity laws（宇称定律）with Tsung-Dao Lee. Their work challenged an old idea in physics and won them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. He also worked with Robert Mills on the Yang-Mills theory, which helped set up the Standard Model of Particle Physics（粒子物理标准模型）. This is considered one of the cornerstones of modern physics.
Yang settled down in China and taught at Tsinghua University in 2003, helping students become outstanding scientists. His students described him as energetic, modest and calm, with a clear mind. Even in his 80s, Yang continued teaching. He encouraged students to do top-level research and use science to solve real problems in China.
Yang's contributions went beyond research. At age 99, he donated more than 2,000 books, letters, and papers to Tsinghua. He said, “I hope Tsinghua keeps not only my scientific work, but also the truth about who I am.”
Netizens left plenty of heartfelt messages online to express their feelings about the great scientist. One netizen wrote, “He is a towering giant in the field of physics, proving to the whole world that Chinese scientists can reach great heights.” Another pointed out, “Through his lifelong scientific career, Yang built a valuable bridge connecting Chinese and Western science study.”
(
A. Beautiful building decorations.
B. Important supports.
C. Bright scientific prizes.
D. New research plans.
(
a. Yang won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee.
b. Yang worked on parity laws with Tsung-Dao Lee.
c. Yang donated over 2,000 books and papers to Tsinghua University.
d. Yang went to the United States for further study.
e. Yang returned to China and taught at Tsinghua University.
A. b→a→d→c→e
B. b→d→a→c→e
C. d→b→a→e→c
D. d→a→b→c→e
(
A. Yang donated materials at the age of 103.
B. Yang taught students even in his eighties.
C. Yang finished the Yang-Mills theory at Tsinghua.
D. Yang won the Nobel Prize for the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
(
A. People's high respect for Yang.
B. Yang's great scientific discoveries.
C. The history of Chinese physics.
D. Online ways to share sad feelings.
Deep sadness spread across China's social media as news spread that famous physicist Chen-Ning Yang had passed away. Yang, a Nobel Prize winner and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, died in Beijing at the age of 103.
Yang was born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui Province, at a time when China was poor. He studied at Tsinghua University and later went to the United States to further his education. Yang became famous for his work on parity laws（宇称定律）with Tsung-Dao Lee. Their work challenged an old idea in physics and won them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. He also worked with Robert Mills on the Yang-Mills theory, which helped set up the Standard Model of Particle Physics（粒子物理标准模型）. This is considered one of the cornerstones of modern physics.
Yang settled down in China and taught at Tsinghua University in 2003, helping students become outstanding scientists. His students described him as energetic, modest and calm, with a clear mind. Even in his 80s, Yang continued teaching. He encouraged students to do top-level research and use science to solve real problems in China.
Yang's contributions went beyond research. At age 99, he donated more than 2,000 books, letters, and papers to Tsinghua. He said, “I hope Tsinghua keeps not only my scientific work, but also the truth about who I am.”
Netizens left plenty of heartfelt messages online to express their feelings about the great scientist. One netizen wrote, “He is a towering giant in the field of physics, proving to the whole world that Chinese scientists can reach great heights.” Another pointed out, “Through his lifelong scientific career, Yang built a valuable bridge connecting Chinese and Western science study.”
(
B
) 5. What does the underlined word “cornerstones” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Beautiful building decorations.
B. Important supports.
C. Bright scientific prizes.
D. New research plans.
(
C
) 6. In what order did the following happen in Yang's life?a. Yang won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee.
b. Yang worked on parity laws with Tsung-Dao Lee.
c. Yang donated over 2,000 books and papers to Tsinghua University.
d. Yang went to the United States for further study.
e. Yang returned to China and taught at Tsinghua University.
A. b→a→d→c→e
B. b→d→a→c→e
C. d→b→a→e→c
D. d→a→b→c→e
(
B
) 7. Which fact matches the information in the passage?A. Yang donated materials at the age of 103.
B. Yang taught students even in his eighties.
C. Yang finished the Yang-Mills theory at Tsinghua.
D. Yang won the Nobel Prize for the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
(
A
) 8. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. People's high respect for Yang.
B. Yang's great scientific discoveries.
C. The history of Chinese physics.
D. Online ways to share sad feelings.
答案：5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A
解析：
【分析】
本题为人物传记类阅读理解题，需通过定位原文信息解答词义猜测、细节排序、细节理解、段落大意类题目：
1. 第5题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；
2. 第6题是事件排序题，需回原文定位各事件的先后时间顺序；
3. 第7题是细节理解题，需逐一核对选项与原文表述是否一致；
4. 第8题是段落大意题，需总结最后一段的核心内容。
【解析】
5. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段最后一句，Yang-Mills理论被视为现代物理的cornerstones之一，结合语境可知该理论是现代物理的重要支撑，cornerstone本意是基石，此处引申为“重要支撑”，对应选项B。
6. 细节排序题：回原文定位各事件顺序：
d（去美国深造）：第二段“later went to the United States to further his education”；
b（与李政道研究宇称定律）：第二段“became famous for his work on parity laws with Tsung-Dao Lee”；
a（获诺贝尔物理学奖）：第二段“won them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957”；
e（回国任教）：第三段“settled down in China and taught at Tsinghua University in 2003”；
c（捐赠书籍等）：第四段“At age 99, he donated more than 2,000 books...”；
顺序为d→b→a→e→c，对应选项C。
7. 细节理解题：
A选项：捐赠是99岁，103岁是去世年龄，错误；
B选项：原文“Even in his 80s, Yang continued teaching”，表述正确；
C选项：Yang-Mills理论是与Robert Mills合作完成，并非在清华，错误；
D选项：获诺奖是因为宇称定律，不是标准模型，错误；
对应选项B。
8. 段落大意题：最后一段是网友对杨振宁的留言，核心是表达对这位伟大科学家的尊敬，对应选项A。
【答案】
5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、段落大意题
【点评】
本题围绕物理学家杨振宁的生平与贡献展开，考查学生对人物传记类文本的信息定位、词义推断及主旨概括能力，需学生仔细核对原文细节，理清事件逻辑。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为人物传记类阅读理解题，需通过定位原文信息解答词义猜测、细节排序、细节理解、段落大意类题目：
1. 第5题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；
2. 第6题是事件排序题，需回原文定位各事件的先后时间顺序；
3. 第7题是细节理解题，需逐一核对选项与原文表述是否一致；
4. 第8题是段落大意题，需总结最后一段的核心内容。
【解析】
5. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段最后一句，Yang-Mills理论被视为现代物理的cornerstones之一，结合语境可知该理论是现代物理的重要支撑，cornerstone本意是基石，此处引申为“重要支撑”，对应选项B。
6. 细节排序题：回原文定位各事件顺序：
d（去美国深造）：第二段“later went to the United States to further his education”；
b（与李政道研究宇称定律）：第二段“became famous for his work on parity laws with Tsung-Dao Lee”；
a（获诺贝尔物理学奖）：第二段“won them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957”；
e（回国任教）：第三段“settled down in China and taught at Tsinghua University in 2003”；
c（捐赠书籍等）：第四段“At age 99, he donated more than 2,000 books...”；
顺序为d→b→a→e→c，对应选项C。
7. 细节理解题：
A选项：捐赠是99岁，103岁是去世年龄，错误；
B选项：原文“Even in his 80s, Yang continued teaching”，表述正确；
C选项：Yang-Mills理论是与Robert Mills合作完成，并非在清华，错误；
D选项：获诺奖是因为宇称定律，不是标准模型，错误；
对应选项B。
8. 段落大意题：最后一段是网友对杨振宁的留言，核心是表达对这位伟大科学家的尊敬，对应选项A。
【答案】
5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、段落大意题
【点评】
本题围绕物理学家杨振宁的生平与贡献展开，考查学生对人物传记类文本的信息定位、词义推断及主旨概括能力，需学生仔细核对原文细节，理清事件逻辑。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、信息还原（10分）
As we all know, Wang Xuan was one of the most famous computer scientists and inventors. 1.
Since there is a big difference between Chinese and English writing systems, laser typesetting for the Chinese language was a serious problem for scientists all over the world. 2.
Wang Xuan's great invention is widely used all over the world. 4.
Wang Xuan was not only a great modern scientist but also a great role model for many young people. 5.
A. We middle school students should learn from him.
B. He invented the technology for printing Chinese characters.
C. Wang Xuan only focused on newspaper printing all his life.
D. He spent all his free time reading science books at a young age.
E. Although he didn't have success all the time, he never gave up.
F. For this reason, Wang Xuan decided to try to come up with a method.
G. It has greatly lowered printing costs and saved plenty of time for printing workers.
As we all know, Wang Xuan was one of the most famous computer scientists and inventors. 1.
B
As a result, he is known as "The Father of the Chinese Language Laser Typesetting (激光排版)".Since there is a big difference between Chinese and English writing systems, laser typesetting for the Chinese language was a serious problem for scientists all over the world. 2.
F
In 1975, he began researching laser typesetting and electronic publishing systems for Chinese characters. He was not afraid to try new technology. 3. E
He spent most of his spare time on experiments. He often worked late into the night in his lab.Wang Xuan's great invention is widely used all over the world. 4.
G
Besides, it has brought huge benefits to China's newspaper publishing industry and supported the development of China's printing business.Wang Xuan was not only a great modern scientist but also a great role model for many young people. 5.
A
His life story teaches us that a person should follow his own dream and try his best to make it come true.A. We middle school students should learn from him.
B. He invented the technology for printing Chinese characters.
C. Wang Xuan only focused on newspaper printing all his life.
D. He spent all his free time reading science books at a young age.
E. Although he didn't have success all the time, he never gave up.
F. For this reason, Wang Xuan decided to try to come up with a method.
G. It has greatly lowered printing costs and saved plenty of time for printing workers.
答案：1. B 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. A
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语信息还原题，解题思路为：先通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍王选的贡献与事迹；再结合每空前后的语境、逻辑关系（如因果、递进、指代等），逐一匹配选项。第1空后提到王选被称为“中文激光排版之父”，需对应他的发明；第2空前说明中文排版是难题，空后讲他开始研究，需衔接他的决定；第3空前说他不怕新技术，空后讲他投入实验，需体现他的坚持；第4空前说发明被广泛应用，空后讲带来好处，需补充具体益处；第5空前说他是榜样，空后讲人生启示，需对应学习的内容。
【解析】
1. 第1空后“as a result, he is known as 'The Father of the Chinese Language Laser Typesetting'”说明该空应填王选的相关发明，对应选项B“他发明了汉字印刷技术”，故选B。
2. 第2空前提到“laser typesetting for the Chinese language was a serious problem”，空后说1975年他开始研究，逻辑上是因难题而决定解决，对应选项F“For this reason, Wang Xuan decided to try to come up with a method”，故选F。
3. 第3空前“He was not afraid to try new technology”，空后“He spent most of his spare time on experiments”体现他的坚持，对应选项E“Although he didn't have success all the time, he never gave up”，故选E。
4. 第4空前“Wang Xuan's great invention is widely used all over the world”，空后“it has brought huge benefits”，需补充发明的具体益处，对应选项G“It has greatly lowered printing costs and saved plenty of time for printing workers”，故选G。
5. 第5空前“Wang Xuan was not only a great modern scientist but also a great role model”，空后“His life story teaches us that...”，对应选项A“We middle school students should learn from him”，故选A。
【答案】
1. B 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. A
【知识点】
英语七选五阅读、信息还原
【点评】
本题考查英语信息还原能力，要求学生把握上下文的逻辑衔接与语境关联，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，能有效考查学生的阅读理解与逻辑推理能力，只要理清每段主旨和句子间的逻辑关系即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语信息还原题，解题思路为：先通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍王选的贡献与事迹；再结合每空前后的语境、逻辑关系（如因果、递进、指代等），逐一匹配选项。第1空后提到王选被称为“中文激光排版之父”，需对应他的发明；第2空前说明中文排版是难题，空后讲他开始研究，需衔接他的决定；第3空前说他不怕新技术，空后讲他投入实验，需体现他的坚持；第4空前说发明被广泛应用，空后讲带来好处，需补充具体益处；第5空前说他是榜样，空后讲人生启示，需对应学习的内容。
【解析】
1. 第1空后“as a result, he is known as 'The Father of the Chinese Language Laser Typesetting'”说明该空应填王选的相关发明，对应选项B“他发明了汉字印刷技术”，故选B。
2. 第2空前提到“laser typesetting for the Chinese language was a serious problem”，空后说1975年他开始研究，逻辑上是因难题而决定解决，对应选项F“For this reason, Wang Xuan decided to try to come up with a method”，故选F。
3. 第3空前“He was not afraid to try new technology”，空后“He spent most of his spare time on experiments”体现他的坚持，对应选项E“Although he didn't have success all the time, he never gave up”，故选E。
4. 第4空前“Wang Xuan's great invention is widely used all over the world”，空后“it has brought huge benefits”，需补充发明的具体益处，对应选项G“It has greatly lowered printing costs and saved plenty of time for printing workers”，故选G。
5. 第5空前“Wang Xuan was not only a great modern scientist but also a great role model”，空后“His life story teaches us that...”，对应选项A“We middle school students should learn from him”，故选A。
【答案】
1. B 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. A
【知识点】
英语七选五阅读、信息还原
【点评】
本题考查英语信息还原能力，要求学生把握上下文的逻辑衔接与语境关联，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，能有效考查学生的阅读理解与逻辑推理能力，只要理清每段主旨和句子间的逻辑关系即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6