$(1)$证明:∵$\triangle ABD≌\triangle CF D$
∴$BD = F D,$$AD = CD,$$∠BAD=∠F CD$
∵$AD\perp BC$
∴$∠BDA = 90°,$即$∠BAD+∠B = 90°$
∴$∠F CD+∠B = 90°,$即$∠AEC = 90°$
∴$CE\perp AB$
$(2)$解:由$(1),$得$BD = F D,$$AD = CD$
∵$AD = 5,$∴$CD = 5$
又$BC = 7$
∴$BD = BC - CD=7 - 5 = 2,$即$F D = 2$
∴$AF = AD - F D=5 - 2 = 3$