$(1) $解:∵$C,$$D$两点的坐标分别为$(-2,$$1),$$(0,$$2)$
设直线$CD$对应的函数表达式为$y = kx + b$
把$C(-2,$$1),$$D(0,$$2)$分别代入,
得$\begin {cases}-2k + b = 1\\b = 2\end {cases},$解得$\begin {cases}k = \frac 12\\b = 2\end {cases}$
∴直线$CD$对应的函数表达式为$y = \frac 12x + 2$
$(2) $证明:由$(1)$得直线$CD$的函数表达式为$y = \frac 12x + 2$
令$y = 0,$得$\frac 12x + 2 = 0,$解得$x = - 4$
∴点$F $的坐标为$(-4,$$0),$即$OF = 4$
∵四边形$ABOD$是边长为$2$的正方形
∴$AD = BO = OD = 2,$$∠A=∠ABO = 90°$
又$∠F BC+∠ABO = 180°,$$BO + BF = OF$
∴$∠F BC = 90°,$$BF = 2,$
即$∠F BC=∠A,$$BF = AD$
又$C$为$AB$的中点,∴$AC = BC$
∴$\triangle BCF≌\triangle ACD(S AS)$
∴$CF = CD,$$∠BF C=∠1$
又$∠1=∠2,$∴$∠2=∠BF C$
∴$DE = FE,$∴$EC\perp CD$
$(3) $解:由$(2)$得$OF = 4,$$OD = 2,$$FE = DE$
设$OE = t,$则$DE = FE = 4 - t$
在$Rt\triangle DOE$中,由勾股定理,得$DE^2=OD^2+OE^2$
∴$(4 - t)^2=4 + t^2,$解得$t = 1.5$
∴点$E$的坐标为$(-1.5,$$0)$