第85页

信息发布者:
$m$
135°或45°
45
45
45
(1)证明:连接$CE,$因为$D$是$BC$的中点,且$DE\perp BC,$所以$CE = BE。$又因为$BE^{2}-EA^{2}=AC^{2},$所以$CE^{2}-EA^{2}=AC^{2},$即$EA^{2}+AC^{2}=CE^{2},$根据勾股定理的逆定理可知$\triangle ACE$是直角三角形,所以$\angle A = 90^{\circ}。$
(2)解:因为$DE = 3,$$BD = 4,$所以$BE^{2}=DE^{2}+BD^{2}=3^{2}+4^{2}=25 = 5^{2},$所以$BE = CE = 5。$因为$BC = 2BD = 8,$在$Rt\triangle BAC$中,由勾股定理得$BC^{2}-BA^{2}=AC^{2},$即$64-(5 + AE)^{2}=25 - AE^{2},$
$\begin{aligned}64-(25 + 10AE+AE^{2})&=25 - AE^{2}\\64 - 25 - 10AE - AE^{2}&=25 - AE^{2}\\39 - 10AE - AE^{2}+AE^{2}&=25\\-10AE&=25 - 39\\-10AE&=-14\\AE&=\frac{7}{5}\end{aligned}$
证明:(2)连接$CE,$因为$\triangle ABC$绕顶点$B$按顺时针方向旋转$60^{\circ},$得到$\triangle DBE,$所以$AC = DE,$$BC = BE,$$\angle CBE = 60^{\circ},$所以$\triangle BCE$是等边三角形,所以$EC = BC,$$\angle BCE = 60^{\circ}。$因为$\angle DCB = 30^{\circ},$所以$\angle DCE = 90^{\circ},$所以$DC^{2}+EC^{2}=DE^{2},$所以$DC^{2}+BC^{2}=AC^{2},$所以四边形$ABCD$是勾股四边形。
(3)将$\triangle ABC$绕顶点$B$按逆时针方向旋转$60^{\circ},$使点$C$与点$D$重合,得到$\triangle EBD,$连接$AE,$所以$AB = BE,$$AC = DE,$$\angle ABE = 60^{\circ},$所以$\triangle ABE$是等边三角形,所以$AE = AB,$$\angle EAB = 60^{\circ}。$因为$\angle DAB = 30^{\circ},$所以$\angle DAE = \angle DAB+\angle BAE = 30^{\circ}+60^{\circ}=90^{\circ},$所以$\triangle DAE$为直角三角形,所以$DE^{2}=AD^{2}+AE^{2},$即$AC^{2}=AD^{2}+AB^{2},$所以$AC^{2}=8^{2}+6^{2}=100,$所以$AC = 10。$