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信息发布者:
解:
(1)设$A$种花卉的单价为$x$元/株,$B$种花卉的单价为$y$元/株,由题意得$\begin{cases}2x + 3y = 21\\4x + 5y = 37\end{cases},$
对于$2x + 3y = 21,$两边同时乘以$2$得$4x+6y = 42,$
用$4x+6y = 42$减去$4x + 5y = 37$得:
$(4x+6y)-(4x + 5y)=42 - 37,$
$4x+6y - 4x - 5y = 5,$
解得$y = 5,$
把$y = 5$代入$2x + 3y = 21$得$2x+3×5 = 21,$
$2x+15 = 21,$
$2x=21 - 15,$
$2x = 6,$
解得$x = 3。$
答:$A$种花卉的单价为$3$元/株,$B$种花卉的单价为$5$元/株。
(2)设采购$A$种花卉$m$株,则采购$B$种花卉$(10000 - m)$株,总费用为$W$元,由题意得$W = 3m+5(10000 - m)=3m + 50000-5m=-2m + 50000。$
由$m\leqslant4(10000 - m),$
$m\leqslant40000-4m,$
$m + 4m\leqslant40000,$
$5m\leqslant40000,$
解得$m\leqslant8000。$
在$W=-2m + 50000$中,$\because -2\lt0,$$\therefore W$随$m$的增大而减小,$\therefore$当$m = 8000$时,$W$值最小,$W_{最小}=-2×8000 + 50000=-16000 + 50000 = 34000,$此时$10000 - m=10000 - 8000 = 2000。$
答:当采购$A$种花卉$8000$株,$B$种花卉$2000$株时,总费用最少,最少费用为$34000$元。
解:
(1)由题意,$\begin{cases}8a + 7b = 670\\4a + 5b = 410\end{cases},$
由$4a + 5b = 410$两边同时乘以$2$得$8a+10b = 820,$
用$8a+10b = 820$减去$8a + 7b = 670$得:
$(8a+10b)-(8a + 7b)=820 - 670,$
$8a+10b - 8a - 7b = 150,$
$3b = 150,$
解得$b = 50,$
把$b = 50$代入$4a + 5b = 410$得$4a+5×50 = 410,$
$4a+250 = 410,$
$4a=410 - 250,$
$4a = 160,$
解得$a = 40。$
(2)$\because$购买$A$种型号吉祥物$x$个,$\therefore$购买$B$种型号吉祥物$(90 - x)$个。
$\because$购买$A$种型号吉祥物的数量$x$(单位:个)不少于$B$种型号吉祥物数量的$\frac{4}{3},$$\therefore x\geqslant\frac{4}{3}(90 - x),$
$3x\geqslant4(90 - x),$
$3x\geqslant360 - 4x,$
$3x + 4x\geqslant360,$
$7x\geqslant360,$
解得$x\geqslant\frac{360}{7}。$
又$\because$购买$A$种型号吉祥物的数量不超过$B$种型号吉祥物数量的$2$倍,$\therefore x\leqslant2(90 - x),$
$x\leqslant180 - 2x,$
$x + 2x\leqslant180,$
$3x\leqslant180,$
解得$x\leqslant60,$$\therefore\frac{360}{7}\leqslant x\leqslant60。$
由题知,$y=(40 - 35)x+(50 - 42)(90 - x)=5x + 8(90 - x)=5x+720 - 8x=-3x + 720,$
$\because -3\lt0,$$\therefore y$随$x$的增大而减小,$\therefore$当$x = 52$时,$y$最大,最大值为$y=-3×52 + 720=-156 + 720 = 564。$