$ (1)$证明:∵$BD\perp m,$$CE\perp m,$∴$∠BDA=∠AEC = 90°$
∵$∠BAC = 90°,$∴$∠BAD+∠CAE = 90°$
又∵$∠BAD+∠ABD = 90°,$∴$∠CAE=∠ABD$
$ $在$\triangle ABD$和$\triangle CAE$中
$ \begin {cases}∠BDA=∠AEC\\∠ABD=∠CAE\\AB = CA\end {cases}$
∴$\triangle ABD≌\triangle CAE(\mathrm {AAS})$
∴$BD = AE,$$AD = CE$
∵$DE = AD+AE,$∴$DE = BD + CE$
$ (2)$解:$DE = BD + CE,$理由:
∵$∠BDA=∠BAC=α$
∴$∠DBA+∠BAD=∠BAD+∠CAE = 180°-α$
∴$∠DBA=∠EAC$
$ $在$\triangle ABD$和$\triangle CAE$中
$ \begin {cases}∠BDA=∠AEC\\∠DBA=∠EAC\\AB = CA\end {cases}$
∴$\triangle ABD≌\triangle CAE(\mathrm {AAS})$
∴$BD = AE,$$AD = CE$
∵$DE = AE+AD,$∴$DE = BD + CE$