解:$(1)$抛物线$y=-x^2+bx$的顶点横坐标为$\frac {b}{2},$抛物线$y=-x^2+2x$的顶点横坐标为$1,$
∴$\frac {b}{2}=1+1,$解得$b=4。$
$ (2)$∵点$A(x_{1},y_{1})$在抛物线$y=-x^2+2x$上,点$B(x_{1}+t,y_{1}+h)$在抛物线$y=-x^2+4x$上,
∴$y_{1}=-x_{1}^2+2x_{1},$$y_{1}+h=-(x_{1}+t)^2+4(x_{1}+t)。$整理得$h=-t^2-2x_{1}t+2x_{1}+4t。$
①
∵$h=3t,$
∴$3t=-t^2-2x_{1}t+2x_{1}+4t,$即$t(t+2x_{1})=t+2x_{1}。$
∵$x_{1}≥0,$$t>0,$
∴$t+2x_{1}>0,$
∴$t=1,$
∴$h=3×1=3。$
$ ②$将$x_{1}=t-1$代入$h,$得
$h=-t^2-2(t-1)t+2(t-1)+4t=-3t^2+8t-2=-3(t-\frac {4}{3})^2+\frac {10}{3}。$
∵$-3<0,$
∴当$t=\frac {4}{3}$时,$h $取最大值$\frac {10}{3}$