$ (1) $证明:
∵四边形$CADF $是正方形,
∴$AD=AC,$$∠ DAC=90°,$
∴$∠ DAD_{1}+∠ CAB=90°,$
∵$DD_{1}⊥ l,$
∴$∠ DD_{1}A=90°,$
∴$∠ DAD_{1}+∠ ADD_{1}=90°,$
∴$∠ ADD_{1}=∠ CAB,$
在$△ADD_{1}$和$△CAB$中:
$\begin {cases}{∠DD_{1}A=∠ABC}\\{∠ADD_{1}=∠CAB}\\{AD=CA}\end {cases}$
∴$△ADD_{1}≌△CAB(\mathrm {AAS})$
∴$DD_{1}=AB$
$ (2) $证明:$DD_{1}+EE_{1}=AB,$
$ $过点$C$作$CK⊥ l$于点$K,$
$ $同理可证$△ ADD_{1}≌△ CAK(\mathrm {AAS}),$$△ BEE_{1}≌△ BCK(\mathrm {AAS}),$
∴$DD_{1}=AK,$$EE_{1}=BK,$
∵$AK+BK=AB,$
∴$DD_{1}+EE_{1}=AB;$
$ (3) $线段$DD_{1},EE_{1},AB$之间的数量关系为:$DD_{1}=AB+EE_{1}$