解:
(1) 将方程②变形,得$2x+6y+y=6,$即$2(x+3y)+y=6,$
把①代入上式,得$2×2 + y =6,$解得$y=2。$
把$y=2$代入①,得$x+6=2,$解得$x=-4,$
所以原方程组的解为$\begin{cases} x=-4, \\ y=2. \end{cases}$
(2) 由方程③,得$2x^2 + y^2 = \frac{25+2xy}{3},$
由方程④,得$2(2x^2 + y^2)=10-xy,$
将$2x^2 + y^2 = \frac{25+2xy}{3}$代入上式,得$2×\frac{25+2xy}{3}=10-xy,$
解得$xy=-\frac{20}{7},$
所以$2x^2 + y^2 + xy = \frac{25+2×(-\frac{20}{7})}{3} + (-\frac{20}{7}) = \frac{25}{7}。$