解:
(1) ① $∠ ACE = ∠ DCB,$理由如下:
$\because ∠ ACD = ∠ ECB = 90°,$
$\therefore ∠ ACE + ∠ ECD = 90°,$$∠ DCB + ∠ ECD = 90°,$
根据同角的余角相等,可得$∠ ACE = ∠ DCB。$
② $∠ ACB + ∠ DCE = 180°,$理由如下:
$\because ∠ ACD = ∠ ECB = 90°,$
$\therefore ∠ ACB = ∠ ACD + ∠ DCB = 90° + ∠ DCB,$
$\therefore ∠ ACB + ∠ DCE = 90° + ∠ DCB + ∠ DCE = 90° + ∠ ECB = 90° + 90° = 180°。$
(2) $∠ CAE$与$∠ BAD$的度数之差不发生变化,推导如下:
由题意可知$∠ DAE = 90°,$$∠ BAC = 60°,$
$\therefore ∠ CAE = ∠ DAE - ∠ DAC = 90° - ∠ DAC,$
$∠ BAD = ∠ BAC - ∠ DAC = 60° - ∠ DAC,$
$\therefore ∠ CAE - ∠ BAD = (90° - ∠ DAC) - (60° - ∠ DAC) = 30°,$
即旋转过程中$∠ CAE$与$∠ BAD$的度数之差保持不变,差值为$30°。$