D
Since it was first published in 1843,the novella(短篇故事)*A Christmas Carol* by Charles Dickens has been loved by millions of people,and perhaps has encouraged them to love more and give more. Dickens is known as the best writer of the Victorian times writing on social problems,such as poverty(贫穷),child labour(童工)and city development.
Charles Dickens was no stranger to poverty. His father had been thrown in prison for debt(债务)in 1824 and he had been removed from school and put to work as the second oldest child of eight children. Only 12 years old,he spent his time putting labels(标签)on pots in a factory. ①
How lonely and worthless he felt there! All his hopes and dreams of making something of his life were ended. It seemed not an adult in the world cared for his hopes or his abilities,not even his own parents. He wondered "how he could be so easily thrown away at such a young age". ②
Dickens' father was set free from prison after a year,and Dickens was put back into school for three years until he had to leave again to work as an office boy. Finally,he started writing stories for the papers. With money coming in and then children,Charles had taken a mortgage(抵押贷款)on a big house. His next novel was not so well received and his future payments were cut. Charles needed to make money and he needed to make it fast. Criticism(批评)of his new novel hurt his confidence；it is not easy to write when you are down. He needed new ideas and inspiration(灵感),but he was running out of time. ③
As he walked the streets after dark,through what he called the "black streets" of London,he again saw the poor,who had little food or warmth in the cold weather,and the closed-up houses,like the doors of the hearts of many who do not want to love and give. ④
He happened to find the idea of *A Christmas Carol* that could show this and warm the hearts of the poor and open the hearts of the selfish(自私的). He needed to write fast and that is probably why we only have a novella,but a novella was enough to share his story. He filled the story with characters and scenes which he had already written about in his other stories. Scrooge,the main character,is a selfish man who hates Christmas — the time of giving. His late business partner,also a greedy(贪婪的)man,comes back from the dead as a ghost to warn Scrooge. You will need to read the story yourself to see how Scrooge finally changes his ways.
The plan to save himself financially(经济上)also saved Dickens emotionally(情感上). As he wrote about Christmas and the wonderful time of gift giving,family gathering,carol singing and food sharing,his own heart was cheered and he remembered those things that really mattered to him. He loved writing the book and produced a special story,which is still loved around the world. New inspiration and fresh confidence set Dickens on a new path to success.
(
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
A. Dickens got his inspiration by visiting the poor people on the "black streets".
B. It is impossible for the readers to know the characters before reading the book.
C. Scrooge becomes a generous and kind man in the end.
D. The book is only written to criticize the selfishness of the rich.
(
A. It is very popular among readers.
B. It serves as a turning point in Dickens' writing career.
C. It helped Dickens make a lot of money.
D. Its theme is about a wonderful time full of love and giving.
(
A. To show the greatness of Charles Dickens.
B. To recommend some great works of Charles Dickens.
C. To present how poor Dickens' life was.
D. To introduce the book *A Christmas Carol*.
Since it was first published in 1843,the novella(短篇故事)*A Christmas Carol* by Charles Dickens has been loved by millions of people,and perhaps has encouraged them to love more and give more. Dickens is known as the best writer of the Victorian times writing on social problems,such as poverty(贫穷),child labour(童工)and city development.
Charles Dickens was no stranger to poverty. His father had been thrown in prison for debt(债务)in 1824 and he had been removed from school and put to work as the second oldest child of eight children. Only 12 years old,he spent his time putting labels(标签)on pots in a factory. ①
How lonely and worthless he felt there! All his hopes and dreams of making something of his life were ended. It seemed not an adult in the world cared for his hopes or his abilities,not even his own parents. He wondered "how he could be so easily thrown away at such a young age". ②
Dickens' father was set free from prison after a year,and Dickens was put back into school for three years until he had to leave again to work as an office boy. Finally,he started writing stories for the papers. With money coming in and then children,Charles had taken a mortgage(抵押贷款)on a big house. His next novel was not so well received and his future payments were cut. Charles needed to make money and he needed to make it fast. Criticism(批评)of his new novel hurt his confidence；it is not easy to write when you are down. He needed new ideas and inspiration(灵感),but he was running out of time. ③
As he walked the streets after dark,through what he called the "black streets" of London,he again saw the poor,who had little food or warmth in the cold weather,and the closed-up houses,like the doors of the hearts of many who do not want to love and give. ④
He happened to find the idea of *A Christmas Carol* that could show this and warm the hearts of the poor and open the hearts of the selfish(自私的). He needed to write fast and that is probably why we only have a novella,but a novella was enough to share his story. He filled the story with characters and scenes which he had already written about in his other stories. Scrooge,the main character,is a selfish man who hates Christmas — the time of giving. His late business partner,also a greedy(贪婪的)man,comes back from the dead as a ghost to warn Scrooge. You will need to read the story yourself to see how Scrooge finally changes his ways.
The plan to save himself financially(经济上)also saved Dickens emotionally(情感上). As he wrote about Christmas and the wonderful time of gift giving,family gathering,carol singing and food sharing,his own heart was cheered and he remembered those things that really mattered to him. He loved writing the book and produced a special story,which is still loved around the world. New inspiration and fresh confidence set Dickens on a new path to success.
(
B
)11. Where should the sentence "It was the loneliest time of his life." be put in the passage? A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
C
)12. What can be inferred about *A Christmas Carol* from the passage? A. Dickens got his inspiration by visiting the poor people on the "black streets".
B. It is impossible for the readers to know the characters before reading the book.
C. Scrooge becomes a generous and kind man in the end.
D. The book is only written to criticize the selfishness of the rich.
(
B
)13. Why is *A Christmas Carol* such an important work according to the last paragraph? A. It is very popular among readers.
B. It serves as a turning point in Dickens' writing career.
C. It helped Dickens make a lot of money.
D. Its theme is about a wonderful time full of love and giving.
(
D
)14. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To show the greatness of Charles Dickens.
B. To recommend some great works of Charles Dickens.
C. To present how poor Dickens' life was.
D. To introduce the book *A Christmas Carol*.
答案：【解析】：
本题主要考察了阅读理解、文章逻辑分析以及选项对比的能力。题目给出了一篇关于Charles Dickens和他的作品《A Christmas Carol》的文章，并附带了四个选择题。
1. 对于第11题，需要分析文章中的句子和段落，找出“It was the loneliest time of his life.”这句话应该插入的位置。这需要理解文章的内容和句子之间的逻辑关系。
2. 对于第12题，需要从文章中推断出关于《A Christmas Carol》的信息，这需要具备对文章细节的理解和分析能力。
3. 对于第13题，需要理解文章最后一段的内容，找出《A Christmas Carol》之所以重要的原因，这需要对文章段落的主题和细节有准确的理解。
4. 对于第14题，需要分析文章的整体内容，确定文章的主要目的，这需要对文章的主题和结构有全面的理解。
【答案】：
11. B
在文章中，“How lonely and worthless he felt there! All his hopes and dreams of making something of his life were ended. It seemed not an adult in the world cared for his hopes or his abilities, not even his own parents. He wondered 'how he could be so easily thrown away at such a young age'.”描述了Dickens的孤独感和无用感，以及他对生活的绝望。因此，“It was the loneliest time of his life.”这句话应该放在这里，即选项B，以总结这一段的内容。
12. C
文章中提到，“You will need to read the story yourself to see how Scrooge finally changes his ways.”这说明Scrooge最终改变了他的方式，根据常识和文章暗示，我们可以推断出他最终变得慷慨和善良。因此，选项C是正确的。A选项虽然文章中有描述Dickens在黑暗的街道上看到穷人，但并未明确说明这是他获得《A Christmas Carol》灵感的来源；B选项与文章中的“He filled the story with characters and scenes which he had already written about in his other stories.”相矛盾；D选项过于绝对，文章并未表明这本书只是为了批评富人的自私。
13. B
文章最后一段提到，“New inspiration and fresh confidence set Dickens on a new path to success.”这说明《A Christmas Carol》对Dickens的写作生涯来说是一个转折点，因此选项B是正确的。A选项虽然正确，但并不是这本书重要的原因；C选项文章并未提及；D选项虽然描述了书的主题，但并不是它重要的原因。
14. D
文章主要介绍了Charles Dickens的生活背景，他的作品《A Christmas Carol》的创作背景和过程，以及这本书对他的影响。因此，文章的目的是介绍这本书，即选项D。A选项过于宽泛；B选项文章并未推荐其他作品；C选项只是文章的一部分内容，并不是主要目的。
本题主要考察了阅读理解、文章逻辑分析以及选项对比的能力。题目给出了一篇关于Charles Dickens和他的作品《A Christmas Carol》的文章，并附带了四个选择题。
1. 对于第11题，需要分析文章中的句子和段落，找出“It was the loneliest time of his life.”这句话应该插入的位置。这需要理解文章的内容和句子之间的逻辑关系。
2. 对于第12题，需要从文章中推断出关于《A Christmas Carol》的信息，这需要具备对文章细节的理解和分析能力。
3. 对于第13题，需要理解文章最后一段的内容，找出《A Christmas Carol》之所以重要的原因，这需要对文章段落的主题和细节有准确的理解。
4. 对于第14题，需要分析文章的整体内容，确定文章的主要目的，这需要对文章的主题和结构有全面的理解。
【答案】：
11. B
在文章中，“How lonely and worthless he felt there! All his hopes and dreams of making something of his life were ended. It seemed not an adult in the world cared for his hopes or his abilities, not even his own parents. He wondered 'how he could be so easily thrown away at such a young age'.”描述了Dickens的孤独感和无用感，以及他对生活的绝望。因此，“It was the loneliest time of his life.”这句话应该放在这里，即选项B，以总结这一段的内容。
12. C
文章中提到，“You will need to read the story yourself to see how Scrooge finally changes his ways.”这说明Scrooge最终改变了他的方式，根据常识和文章暗示，我们可以推断出他最终变得慷慨和善良。因此，选项C是正确的。A选项虽然文章中有描述Dickens在黑暗的街道上看到穷人，但并未明确说明这是他获得《A Christmas Carol》灵感的来源；B选项与文章中的“He filled the story with characters and scenes which he had already written about in his other stories.”相矛盾；D选项过于绝对，文章并未表明这本书只是为了批评富人的自私。
13. B
文章最后一段提到，“New inspiration and fresh confidence set Dickens on a new path to success.”这说明《A Christmas Carol》对Dickens的写作生涯来说是一个转折点，因此选项B是正确的。A选项虽然正确，但并不是这本书重要的原因；C选项文章并未提及；D选项虽然描述了书的主题，但并不是它重要的原因。
14. D
文章主要介绍了Charles Dickens的生活背景，他的作品《A Christmas Carol》的创作背景和过程，以及这本书对他的影响。因此，文章的目的是介绍这本书，即选项D。A选项过于宽泛；B选项文章并未推荐其他作品；C选项只是文章的一部分内容，并不是主要目的。
解析：
翻译:
### D
自1843年首次出版以来，查尔斯·狄更斯的短篇小说《圣诞颂歌》就受到了数百万人的喜爱，并且可能还鼓励他们更有爱心、更乐善好施。狄更斯被认为是维多利亚时代描写社会问题（如贫穷、童工和城市发展）的最杰出作家。
查尔斯·狄更斯对贫穷并不陌生。1824年，他的父亲因债务问题入狱，而他也被迫辍学，作为八个孩子中排行第二的年长孩子去工作。年仅12岁的他，在一家工厂里给罐子贴标签来打发时间。①
他在那里感到多么孤独和无价值啊！他所有关于成就一番事业的希望和梦想都破灭了。似乎这个世界上没有一个成年人关心他的希望或他的能力，甚至他自己的父母也不关心。他想知道“自己怎么会在这么小的年纪就被如此轻易地抛弃”。②
狄更斯的父亲一年后出狱，狄更斯重新回到学校读了三年书，直到他不得不再次离开去当一名办公室文员。最后，他开始为报纸写故事。随着钱的流入，然后是孩子的出生，查尔斯在一所大房子上办理了抵押贷款。他的下一部小说没有那么受欢迎，他未来的稿费被削减了。查尔斯需要赚钱，而且他需要尽快赚到钱。对他新小说的批评打击了他的信心；当你情绪低落的时候，写作并不容易。他需要新的想法和灵感，但他的时间不多了。③
天黑后，当他走在伦敦的街道上，穿过他称之为“黑暗街道”的地方时，他又一次看到了穷人，他们在寒冷的天气里几乎没有食物和温暖，还有那些紧闭的房子，就像许多不想去爱和给予的人的心扉。④
他偶然想到了《圣诞颂歌》的创作思路，这部作品可以展现这种景象，温暖穷人的心灵，打开自私者的心扉。他需要快速写作，这可能就是为什么我们只有一部短篇小说，但一部短篇小说就足以分享他的故事了。他在故事中融入了他在其他故事中已经写过的人物和场景。斯克鲁奇，主角，是一个自私的人，他讨厌圣诞节——这个给予的时节。他已故的商业伙伴，也是一个贪婪的人，作为一个鬼魂从死人堆里回来警告斯克鲁奇。你需要自己读这个故事，看看斯克鲁奇最终是如何改变他的行事方式的。
这个在经济上拯救自己的计划也在情感上拯救了狄更斯。当他描写圣诞节以及赠送礼物、家庭聚会、唱颂歌和分享食物的美好时光时，他自己的内心也感到振奋，他想起了那些对他真正重要的事情。他喜欢写这本书，并且创作了一个特别的故事，这个故事至今仍受到全世界的喜爱。新的灵感和全新的信心让狄更斯走上了一条通往成功的新道路。
（ ）11. 句子“那是他一生中最孤独的时光。”应该放在文章中的哪里？
A. ①处
B. ②处
C. ③处
D. ④处
（ ）12. 从文章中可以推断出关于《圣诞颂歌》的什么信息？
A. 狄更斯通过走访“黑暗街道”上的穷人获得了灵感。
B. 读者在阅读这本书之前不可能知道这些人物。
C. 斯克鲁奇最终变成了一个慷慨善良的人。
D. 这本书只是为了批评富人的自私。
（ ）13. 根据最后一段，为什么《圣诞颂歌》是一部如此重要的作品？
A. 它在读者中很受欢迎。
B. 它是狄更斯写作生涯的一个转折点。
C. 它帮助狄更斯赚了很多钱。
D. 它的主题是关于一个充满爱和给予的美好时光。
（ ）14. 这篇文章的目的是什么？
A. 展示查尔斯·狄更斯的伟大。
B. 推荐查尔斯·狄更斯的一些伟大作品。
C. 呈现狄更斯的生活有多贫穷。
D. 介绍《圣诞颂歌》这本书。
### D
自1843年首次出版以来，查尔斯·狄更斯的短篇小说《圣诞颂歌》就受到了数百万人的喜爱，并且可能还鼓励他们更有爱心、更乐善好施。狄更斯被认为是维多利亚时代描写社会问题（如贫穷、童工和城市发展）的最杰出作家。
查尔斯·狄更斯对贫穷并不陌生。1824年，他的父亲因债务问题入狱，而他也被迫辍学，作为八个孩子中排行第二的年长孩子去工作。年仅12岁的他，在一家工厂里给罐子贴标签来打发时间。①
他在那里感到多么孤独和无价值啊！他所有关于成就一番事业的希望和梦想都破灭了。似乎这个世界上没有一个成年人关心他的希望或他的能力，甚至他自己的父母也不关心。他想知道“自己怎么会在这么小的年纪就被如此轻易地抛弃”。②
狄更斯的父亲一年后出狱，狄更斯重新回到学校读了三年书，直到他不得不再次离开去当一名办公室文员。最后，他开始为报纸写故事。随着钱的流入，然后是孩子的出生，查尔斯在一所大房子上办理了抵押贷款。他的下一部小说没有那么受欢迎，他未来的稿费被削减了。查尔斯需要赚钱，而且他需要尽快赚到钱。对他新小说的批评打击了他的信心；当你情绪低落的时候，写作并不容易。他需要新的想法和灵感，但他的时间不多了。③
天黑后，当他走在伦敦的街道上，穿过他称之为“黑暗街道”的地方时，他又一次看到了穷人，他们在寒冷的天气里几乎没有食物和温暖，还有那些紧闭的房子，就像许多不想去爱和给予的人的心扉。④
他偶然想到了《圣诞颂歌》的创作思路，这部作品可以展现这种景象，温暖穷人的心灵，打开自私者的心扉。他需要快速写作，这可能就是为什么我们只有一部短篇小说，但一部短篇小说就足以分享他的故事了。他在故事中融入了他在其他故事中已经写过的人物和场景。斯克鲁奇，主角，是一个自私的人，他讨厌圣诞节——这个给予的时节。他已故的商业伙伴，也是一个贪婪的人，作为一个鬼魂从死人堆里回来警告斯克鲁奇。你需要自己读这个故事，看看斯克鲁奇最终是如何改变他的行事方式的。
这个在经济上拯救自己的计划也在情感上拯救了狄更斯。当他描写圣诞节以及赠送礼物、家庭聚会、唱颂歌和分享食物的美好时光时，他自己的内心也感到振奋，他想起了那些对他真正重要的事情。他喜欢写这本书，并且创作了一个特别的故事，这个故事至今仍受到全世界的喜爱。新的灵感和全新的信心让狄更斯走上了一条通往成功的新道路。
（ ）11. 句子“那是他一生中最孤独的时光。”应该放在文章中的哪里？
A. ①处
B. ②处
C. ③处
D. ④处
（ ）12. 从文章中可以推断出关于《圣诞颂歌》的什么信息？
A. 狄更斯通过走访“黑暗街道”上的穷人获得了灵感。
B. 读者在阅读这本书之前不可能知道这些人物。
C. 斯克鲁奇最终变成了一个慷慨善良的人。
D. 这本书只是为了批评富人的自私。
（ ）13. 根据最后一段，为什么《圣诞颂歌》是一部如此重要的作品？
A. 它在读者中很受欢迎。
B. 它是狄更斯写作生涯的一个转折点。
C. 它帮助狄更斯赚了很多钱。
D. 它的主题是关于一个充满爱和给予的美好时光。
（ ）14. 这篇文章的目的是什么？
A. 展示查尔斯·狄更斯的伟大。
B. 推荐查尔斯·狄更斯的一些伟大作品。
C. 呈现狄更斯的生活有多贫穷。
D. 介绍《圣诞颂歌》这本书。