C 传统文化
① In summer,people use their fans to cool themselves off. But the Chinese fan is not just a tool to help people cool themselves down. It’s an important part of Chinese culture.
②Chinese fans have a history of over 3,000 years. One of the earliest known “fans” was named *shanhan*(扇汗). They weren’t like the fans we see today. People used them to hide from the sun and protect themselves from the rain on a horse-drawn carriage(马车). *Shanhan* then changed into a long-handled fan called *zhangshan*(障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the king’s honour guard(仪仗队)for decoration.
③In the Han Dynasty,more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made. These fans stayed popular until the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the same time,a new type of silk fans was also brought in. Young women loved silk fans because they were round,resembling the moon. They were also called “round fans” or *tuanshan*.
④The ribs(扇骨)of these silk round fans were made of bamboo or animal bones. The handles of the fans usually had different designs. The main part of the fan often had calligraphy(书法)works and painted scenes,like mountains or flowers. Folding fans mainly had panels(扇面)and ribs. For the ribs,people used different kinds of materials,including wood,animal bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper,silk or other materials. They left empty spaces for artists to paint on. Their calligraphy works and painted scenes added colour to the fans.
⑤From the Song Dynasty,fan painting became a special kind of art. Fans with pictures of birds and flowers on were popular among young women. Men,however,liked fans decorated with calligraphy works. Mythical(神话的)creatures were also popular. Dragons were often painted onto men’s fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes(凤凰).
(
A. more than 3,000 years
B. more than 5,000 years
C. less than 2,000 years
D. less than 3,000 years
(
A. Because more people learned to make fans.
B. Because cheaper bamboo fans were made.
C. Because a new type of silk fans was brought in.
D. Because people wanted to cool themselves down in summer.
(
A. cutting out
B. looking like
C. turning into
D. making up
(
① In summer,people use their fans to cool themselves off. But the Chinese fan is not just a tool to help people cool themselves down. It’s an important part of Chinese culture.
②Chinese fans have a history of over 3,000 years. One of the earliest known “fans” was named *shanhan*(扇汗). They weren’t like the fans we see today. People used them to hide from the sun and protect themselves from the rain on a horse-drawn carriage(马车). *Shanhan* then changed into a long-handled fan called *zhangshan*(障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the king’s honour guard(仪仗队)for decoration.
③In the Han Dynasty,more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made. These fans stayed popular until the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the same time,a new type of silk fans was also brought in. Young women loved silk fans because they were round,resembling the moon. They were also called “round fans” or *tuanshan*.
④The ribs(扇骨)of these silk round fans were made of bamboo or animal bones. The handles of the fans usually had different designs. The main part of the fan often had calligraphy(书法)works and painted scenes,like mountains or flowers. Folding fans mainly had panels(扇面)and ribs. For the ribs,people used different kinds of materials,including wood,animal bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper,silk or other materials. They left empty spaces for artists to paint on. Their calligraphy works and painted scenes added colour to the fans.
⑤From the Song Dynasty,fan painting became a special kind of art. Fans with pictures of birds and flowers on were popular among young women. Men,however,liked fans decorated with calligraphy works. Mythical(神话的)creatures were also popular. Dragons were often painted onto men’s fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes(凤凰).
(
A
)8. Chinese fans have a history of ______.A. more than 3,000 years
B. more than 5,000 years
C. less than 2,000 years
D. less than 3,000 years
(
B
)9. Why did fans become popular among common people?A. Because more people learned to make fans.
B. Because cheaper bamboo fans were made.
C. Because a new type of silk fans was brought in.
D. Because people wanted to cool themselves down in summer.
(
B
)10. What does the underlined word “resembling” in the third paragraph mean?A. cutting out
B. looking like
C. turning into
D. making up
(
C
)11. 创新考法—篇章结构题 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?答案：8.A 【点拨】根据“Chinese fans have a history of over 3,000 years.”可知选 A。
9.B 【点拨】根据“In the Han Dynasty，more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made.”可知，扇子在普通人中流行是因为人们制造了更便宜的竹扇。故选 B。
10.B 【点拨】根据语境可知，此处指扇子圆得像月亮。故选 B。
11.C 【点拨】通读全文可知，第一段总体介绍了扇子；第二、三段介绍了扇子的历史演变；第四、五段介绍了扇面绘画艺术。故选 C。
9.B 【点拨】根据“In the Han Dynasty，more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made.”可知，扇子在普通人中流行是因为人们制造了更便宜的竹扇。故选 B。
10.B 【点拨】根据语境可知，此处指扇子圆得像月亮。故选 B。
11.C 【点拨】通读全文可知，第一段总体介绍了扇子；第二、三段介绍了扇子的历史演变；第四、五段介绍了扇面绘画艺术。故选 C。
解析：
翻译:
C 传统文化
①在夏天，人们用扇子使自己凉快。但中国扇子不仅仅是一种帮助人们降温的工具。它是中国文化的重要组成部分。
②中国扇子有3000多年的历史。已知最早的“扇子”之一被称为“扇汗”。它们和我们今天看到的扇子不一样。人们用它们在马车上遮阳避雨。“扇汗”后来变成了一种长柄扇，叫做“障扇”。这种扇子由丝绸或鸟羽制成，主要供国王的仪仗队作装饰用。
③在汉朝，更多的普通人开始使用扇子，因为人们制作出了更便宜的竹扇。这些扇子一直流行到唐宋时期。与此同时，一种新型的丝绸扇子也被引进。年轻女子喜欢丝绸扇子，因为它们是圆形的，像月亮。它们也被称为“团扇”。
④这些丝绸团扇的扇骨由竹子或动物骨头制成。扇子的手柄通常有不同的设计。扇子的主要部分通常有书法作品和绘画场景，比如山水或花卉。折扇主要有扇面和扇骨。对于扇骨，人们使用不同种类的材料，包括木材、动物骨头和竹子。折扇的扇面通常由纸、丝绸或其他材料制成。它们留有空白区域供艺术家作画。它们的书法作品和绘画场景为扇子增添了色彩。
⑤从宋朝开始，扇面画成为一种特殊的艺术。画有花鸟的扇子在年轻女子中很受欢迎。然而，男士们喜欢有书法作品装饰的扇子。神话生物也很受欢迎。龙经常被画在男士的扇子上，而女士们通常更喜欢凤凰。
( )8. 中国扇子有______的历史。
A. 3000多年
B. 5000多年
C. 不到2000年
D. 不到3000年
( )9. 为什么扇子在普通人中流行起来？
A. 因为更多的人学会了制作扇子。
B. 因为人们制作出了更便宜的竹扇。
C. 因为一种新型的丝绸扇子被引进。
D. 因为人们想在夏天让自己凉快下来。
( )10. 第三段中划线单词“resembling”是什么意思？
A. 剪下
B. 看起来像
C. 变成
D. 组成
( )11. 创新考法—篇章结构题 以下哪一项最能体现文章的结构？
C 传统文化
①在夏天，人们用扇子使自己凉快。但中国扇子不仅仅是一种帮助人们降温的工具。它是中国文化的重要组成部分。
②中国扇子有3000多年的历史。已知最早的“扇子”之一被称为“扇汗”。它们和我们今天看到的扇子不一样。人们用它们在马车上遮阳避雨。“扇汗”后来变成了一种长柄扇，叫做“障扇”。这种扇子由丝绸或鸟羽制成，主要供国王的仪仗队作装饰用。
③在汉朝，更多的普通人开始使用扇子，因为人们制作出了更便宜的竹扇。这些扇子一直流行到唐宋时期。与此同时，一种新型的丝绸扇子也被引进。年轻女子喜欢丝绸扇子，因为它们是圆形的，像月亮。它们也被称为“团扇”。
④这些丝绸团扇的扇骨由竹子或动物骨头制成。扇子的手柄通常有不同的设计。扇子的主要部分通常有书法作品和绘画场景，比如山水或花卉。折扇主要有扇面和扇骨。对于扇骨，人们使用不同种类的材料，包括木材、动物骨头和竹子。折扇的扇面通常由纸、丝绸或其他材料制成。它们留有空白区域供艺术家作画。它们的书法作品和绘画场景为扇子增添了色彩。
⑤从宋朝开始，扇面画成为一种特殊的艺术。画有花鸟的扇子在年轻女子中很受欢迎。然而，男士们喜欢有书法作品装饰的扇子。神话生物也很受欢迎。龙经常被画在男士的扇子上，而女士们通常更喜欢凤凰。
( )8. 中国扇子有______的历史。
A. 3000多年
B. 5000多年
C. 不到2000年
D. 不到3000年
( )9. 为什么扇子在普通人中流行起来？
A. 因为更多的人学会了制作扇子。
B. 因为人们制作出了更便宜的竹扇。
C. 因为一种新型的丝绸扇子被引进。
D. 因为人们想在夏天让自己凉快下来。
( )10. 第三段中划线单词“resembling”是什么意思？
A. 剪下
B. 看起来像
C. 变成
D. 组成
( )11. 创新考法—篇章结构题 以下哪一项最能体现文章的结构？