四、根据中文提示完成句子。
1. 他们中绝大多数人在当时都上不起大学。
Most of them
2. 当老师不在的时候，继续做你们的功课。
3. 通过培训当地的医生，我们希望帮助更多的人。
4. 上个月，这家医院完成了 20 多期眼科护理培训。
Last month，
1. 他们中绝大多数人在当时都上不起大学。
Most of them
couldn't afford to go to
college at that time.2. 当老师不在的时候，继续做你们的功课。
Carry on with your schoolwork while/when
the teacher is away.3. 通过培训当地的医生，我们希望帮助更多的人。
By training local doctors
，we hope to help more people.4. 上个月，这家医院完成了 20 多期眼科护理培训。
Last month，
more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed
in this hospital.答案：四 1. couldn't afford to go to 2. Carry on with your schoolwork while/when 3. By training local doctors 4. more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed
解析：
【分析】
做这类根据中文提示完成句子的题目，首先要对比题干给出的英文和待翻译的中文部分，先确定需要填写的内容范围，再结合时态、固定搭配、句子结构、语态等语法规则调整形式：
1. 第一题先锁定待译部分是“上不起”，结合时间状语at that time判断用过去时态，匹配“负担不起做某事”的固定结构即可；
2. 第二题是祈使句开头，待译部分包含“继续做你们的功课”和引导时间状语从句的连接词，按照祈使句动词原形开头的规则填写即可；
3. 第三题待译部分是表方式的状语，用by doing的固定结构对应“通过做某事”的含义；
4. 第四题待译部分是句子的主谓部分，结合过去时间状语和被动逻辑，用一般过去时的被动语态组织内容即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：时间状语at that time表示“当时”，时态用一般过去时，“负担不起做某事”的固定表达是can't afford to do sth，can的过去式否定形式为couldn't，“上大学”对应go to college，因此填入couldn't afford to go to。
2. 第二空：句子为祈使句，句首用动词原形，“继续做某事”的固定短语是carry on with sth，“你们的功课”译为your schoolwork，引导后面的时间状语从句“当…的时候”可用while/when，因此填入Carry on with your schoolwork while/when。
3. 第三空：此处作方式状语，“通过做某事”用by doing sth的结构，“培训当地的医生”译为train local doctors，句首首字母大写，因此填入By training local doctors。
4. 第四空：时间状语last month表示“上个月”，时态用一般过去时，“20多期眼科护理培训”译为more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions，培训和“完成”是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态were completed，因此填入more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed。
【答案】
1. couldn't afford to go to
2. Carry on with your schoolwork while/when
3. By training local doctors
4. more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；一般过去时被动语态；祈使句
【点评】
本题侧重考查初中阶段核心常用短语和基础语法的综合运用，难度适中，学生容易出错的点集中在过去时的变形、被动语态的判断、句首单词大写这类细节上，需要平时积累固定搭配的同时，养成结合语境判断时态语态的做题习惯。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这类根据中文提示完成句子的题目，首先要对比题干给出的英文和待翻译的中文部分，先确定需要填写的内容范围，再结合时态、固定搭配、句子结构、语态等语法规则调整形式：
1. 第一题先锁定待译部分是“上不起”，结合时间状语at that time判断用过去时态，匹配“负担不起做某事”的固定结构即可；
2. 第二题是祈使句开头，待译部分包含“继续做你们的功课”和引导时间状语从句的连接词，按照祈使句动词原形开头的规则填写即可；
3. 第三题待译部分是表方式的状语，用by doing的固定结构对应“通过做某事”的含义；
4. 第四题待译部分是句子的主谓部分，结合过去时间状语和被动逻辑，用一般过去时的被动语态组织内容即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：时间状语at that time表示“当时”，时态用一般过去时，“负担不起做某事”的固定表达是can't afford to do sth，can的过去式否定形式为couldn't，“上大学”对应go to college，因此填入couldn't afford to go to。
2. 第二空：句子为祈使句，句首用动词原形，“继续做某事”的固定短语是carry on with sth，“你们的功课”译为your schoolwork，引导后面的时间状语从句“当…的时候”可用while/when，因此填入Carry on with your schoolwork while/when。
3. 第三空：此处作方式状语，“通过做某事”用by doing sth的结构，“培训当地的医生”译为train local doctors，句首首字母大写，因此填入By training local doctors。
4. 第四空：时间状语last month表示“上个月”，时态用一般过去时，“20多期眼科护理培训”译为more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions，培训和“完成”是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态were completed，因此填入more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed。
【答案】
1. couldn't afford to go to
2. Carry on with your schoolwork while/when
3. By training local doctors
4. more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；一般过去时被动语态；祈使句
【点评】
本题侧重考查初中阶段核心常用短语和基础语法的综合运用，难度适中，学生容易出错的点集中在过去时的变形、被动语态的判断、句首单词大写这类细节上，需要平时积累固定搭配的同时，养成结合语境判断时态语态的做题习惯。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、(2025·南京市鼓楼区期末)阅读理解。
Have you ever wanted to help someone in need or start a project for your community? GoFundMe might be the answer! Let’s learn how GoFundMe works.
What can you do on GoFundMe?
Since 2010，GoFundMe has helped millions of people raise money for personal needs，community projects，or charity events. Here’s how it works：
Start your action：Share your story with photos or videos. For example，you could raise money for a sick pet，a school garden，or a family facing difficulties.
Set a goal：Decide how much money you need. Even small amounts can make a big difference!
Share widely：Send your story to teachers and friends，or post it on social media to let more people give a helping hand.
Why is GoFundMe special?
Unlike traditional charities，GoFundMe lets donors(捐赠者) choose exactly where their money goes. If you care about helping animals，you can donate to an animal centre. If you want to help a classmate with a serious disease，you can do that too!
Is it safe and affordable?
Yes! GoFundMe needs a little money(about 2.9% per donation) to keep the website running well. They also use strong security(安全) tools to protect everyone’s personal information. Over 150 million people have trusted GoFundMe—it’s one of the safest crowdfunding platforms(众筹平台) in the world.
Ready to try?
Whether you want to help others or make your own dream come true，GoFundMe makes donation simple. Remember：Every great idea starts with a first step!
1. What is GoFundMe?
A. An animal centre.
B. A community group.
C. A shopping website.
D. A charity organization.
2.(新考法 学科融合)If GoFundMe raises 100，000 yuan for Mary，how much money can she get?
A. About 97，100 yuan.
B. About 100，000 yuan.
C. About 102，900 yuan.
D. About 100，290 yuan.
3.(新考法 写作意图)What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To show people how to choose online charities.
B. To encourage people to do better things for the world.
C. To introduce a safe and popular crowdfunding platform.
D. To tell people how to protect personal information online.
Have you ever wanted to help someone in need or start a project for your community? GoFundMe might be the answer! Let’s learn how GoFundMe works.
What can you do on GoFundMe?
Since 2010，GoFundMe has helped millions of people raise money for personal needs，community projects，or charity events. Here’s how it works：
Start your action：Share your story with photos or videos. For example，you could raise money for a sick pet，a school garden，or a family facing difficulties.
Set a goal：Decide how much money you need. Even small amounts can make a big difference!
Share widely：Send your story to teachers and friends，or post it on social media to let more people give a helping hand.
Why is GoFundMe special?
Unlike traditional charities，GoFundMe lets donors(捐赠者) choose exactly where their money goes. If you care about helping animals，you can donate to an animal centre. If you want to help a classmate with a serious disease，you can do that too!
Is it safe and affordable?
Yes! GoFundMe needs a little money(about 2.9% per donation) to keep the website running well. They also use strong security(安全) tools to protect everyone’s personal information. Over 150 million people have trusted GoFundMe—it’s one of the safest crowdfunding platforms(众筹平台) in the world.
Ready to try?
Whether you want to help others or make your own dream come true，GoFundMe makes donation simple. Remember：Every great idea starts with a first step!
1. What is GoFundMe?
A. An animal centre.
B. A community group.
C. A shopping website.
D. A charity organization.
2.(新考法 学科融合)If GoFundMe raises 100，000 yuan for Mary，how much money can she get?
A. About 97，100 yuan.
B. About 100，000 yuan.
C. About 102，900 yuan.
D. About 100，290 yuan.
3.(新考法 写作意图)What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To show people how to choose online charities.
B. To encourage people to do better things for the world.
C. To introduce a safe and popular crowdfunding platform.
D. To tell people how to protect personal information online.
答案：五 1. D 2. A 【解析】根据倒数第二段中“GoFundMe needs a little money (about 2.9% per donation) to keep the website running well.”可知，GoFundMe 会从每笔捐款中收取约 2.9%的费用用于维持网站运营，因此，Mary 可以拿到约[100 000×(1−2.9%)=]97 100 元。 3. C
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍公益众筹平台的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以按照题干考点逐个回文定位：首先第1题需要梳理全文对GoFundMe的属性描述，排除不符合的干扰选项；第2题是学科融合类的计算题，先定位到平台收费规则的原文信息，再结合数学运算得出实际到账金额；第3题需要通读全文梳理行文脉络，判断作者的写作意图，选出最贴合的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文内容，GoFundMe可以帮助大众为个人需求、社区项目、慈善活动筹款，属于慈善类众筹平台，A选项动物中心、B选项社区团体、C选项购物网站均不符合描述，因此选D。
2. 推理计算题：定位到"Is it safe and affordable?"板块的内容，原文说明GoFundMe会从每笔捐款中抽取约2.9%的费用维持网站运营，因此Mary实际可获得的金额为100000×(1-2.9%)=97100元，对应A选项。
3. 主旨大意题：全文依次介绍了GoFundMe的功能、独特优势、安全属性，整体是向读者介绍这个安全且受众广泛的众筹平台，因此选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，数学比例计算，主旨意图判断
【点评】
本题贴合现实生活场景，设置了学科融合、写作意图两类新考法，既考查学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，也通过简单的跨学科运算提升了题型灵活性，同时渗透了对新型公益模式的科普，符合新课标素养导向的命题特点。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍公益众筹平台的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以按照题干考点逐个回文定位：首先第1题需要梳理全文对GoFundMe的属性描述，排除不符合的干扰选项；第2题是学科融合类的计算题，先定位到平台收费规则的原文信息，再结合数学运算得出实际到账金额；第3题需要通读全文梳理行文脉络，判断作者的写作意图，选出最贴合的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文内容，GoFundMe可以帮助大众为个人需求、社区项目、慈善活动筹款，属于慈善类众筹平台，A选项动物中心、B选项社区团体、C选项购物网站均不符合描述，因此选D。
2. 推理计算题：定位到"Is it safe and affordable?"板块的内容，原文说明GoFundMe会从每笔捐款中抽取约2.9%的费用维持网站运营，因此Mary实际可获得的金额为100000×(1-2.9%)=97100元，对应A选项。
3. 主旨大意题：全文依次介绍了GoFundMe的功能、独特优势、安全属性，整体是向读者介绍这个安全且受众广泛的众筹平台，因此选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，数学比例计算，主旨意图判断
【点评】
本题贴合现实生活场景，设置了学科融合、写作意图两类新考法，既考查学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，也通过简单的跨学科运算提升了题型灵活性，同时渗透了对新型公益模式的科普，符合新课标素养导向的命题特点。
【难度系数】
0.7