零五网 全部参考答案 亮点给力提优课时作业本答案 2026年亮点给力提优课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版 第144页解析答案
G
The astronauts of Shenzhou - 20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie—worked for about eight hours and
completed
(complete)the first spacewalk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space?
After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can
be eaten
(eat)in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat.
After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth
and
go to bed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie
themselves
(they), so they don't float around or hit their bodies
against
something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have
an
eight - hour sleep each day after they finish their task.
Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut's daily life.
To keep
(keep)healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200
pounds
(pound)may be a lot of work on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much
easier
(easy). That means sports equipment needs to be
specially
(special)designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed.
答案:1. completed 2. be eaten 3. and 4. themselves
5. against 6. an 7. To keep 8. pounds
9. easier 10. specially
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇介绍神舟二十号航天员太空日常的语法填空题,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章整体结合一般过去时、一般现在时来介绍太空工作生活的背景和常识,之后分两类分析空格:1. 给出提示词的空格,先判断提示词的词性,结合句子成分、时态、语态、固定搭配等对提示词进行合理变形;2. 无提示词的空格,结合句子逻辑关系、固定短语、冠词使用规则等填入对应的虚词。逐空推导时,先通过并列谓语的时态一致性确定第一空形式,再依次结合被动语态规则、并列动作顺承逻辑、反身代词指代逻辑、固定短语、冠词泛指用法、目的状语结构、名词复数规则、比较级修饰规则、副词修饰动词规则,就能逐一推出所有空格的正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空:and连接并列谓语,和前文的worked(一般过去式)时态保持一致,complete的过去式为completed,对应“完成首次太空行走”的语义。
2. 第二空:主语some foods和eat是被动关系,意为“食物被食用”,空前有情态动词can,情态动词后的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”,因此填be eaten。
3. 第三空:空前的have a rest、brush teeth和空后的go to bed是三个顺承的并列动作,用并列连词and连接。
4. 第四空:句意为“睡觉时他们必须把自己绑起来”,主语是they,对应的反身代词themselves作tie的宾语,指代宇航员自身。
5. 第五空:固定搭配hit...against...表示“撞到……上”,符合“避免漂浮起来撞到物体”的语境,因此填against。
6. 第六空:此处表示“一段八小时的睡眠”,eight-hour是以元音音素开头的复合形容词,用不定冠词an修饰。
7. 第七空:此处作目的状语,意为“为了保持健康”,要用动词不定式结构,位于句首首字母大写,因此填To keep。
8. 第八空:空前有数词200,可数名词pound要使用复数形式pounds。
9. 第九空:空前的much常用来修饰形容词/副词的比较级,表示“……得多”,easy的比较级为easier,对应“在太空中举同样的物体要容易得多”的语义。
10. 第十空:此处需要副词修饰后面的动词designed,special的副词形式是specially,意为“专门设计”。
【答案】
1. completed 2. be eaten 3. and 4. themselves 5. against 6. an 7. To keep 8. pounds 9. easier 10. specially
【知识点】
动词时态语态,非谓语动词,词性转换
【点评】
本题结合航天热点话题设置语境,考点覆盖了中小学英语核心语法考点,既具备话题趣味性,也侧重考查学生对句子结构分析、固定搭配、词性变形规则的掌握程度,引导学生结合真实语境灵活运用语法知识,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
H(2025·徐州市沛县五中联盟学区期末)
The Special Olympics World Games were successfully held in Shanghai many years ago. They gave children and adults with intellectual
disabilities
(disability)a chance to show their skills to the world. Over 40,000 people gave
up
their spare time. It was necessary for these volunteers to receive
training
(train)before doing the tasks. They provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.
Li Hai was born
with
intellectual disabilities. It was very brave of him
to join
(join)in the competition. To him, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part. He
tried
(try)his best and finished
fourth
(four). He feels more confident now because
of
the Special Olympics World Games.
The Special Olympics World Games also bring people together. Athletes and volunteers from different
backgrounds
(background)feel like part of one big family. It's great for them to work
closely
(close)with these special athletes.
答案:1. disabilities 2. up 3. training 4. with 5. to join 6. tried 7. fourth 8. of 9. backgrounds
10. closely
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇语境类语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确文章围绕上海举办的世界特奥会展开,核心介绍特奥会的意义、志愿者参与情况以及特殊运动员的参赛经历。接下来分两类推导空格答案:遇到给出提示词的空,先判断空格处所需词性,再结合单复数、时态、非谓语等规则完成变形;遇到无提示词的空,优先排查固定介词搭配、固定句型的缺失部分,结合语境语义验证通顺度,全部填完后再代入通读全文校验逻辑和语法合理性即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空:提示词为disability,此处指代有智力障碍的复数儿童和成年人群体,对应的缺陷名词要使用复数形式,故填disabilities。
2. 第二空:无提示词,固定搭配give up表示“腾出、让出(空余时间)”,符合四万多名志愿者贡献空闲时间的语境,故填up。
3. 第三空:提示词为train,动词receive后需要接名词作宾语,train对应的名词training表示“培训”,为不可数名词,符合志愿者接受岗前培训的语义,故填training。
4. 第四空:无提示词,固定搭配be born with表示“天生患有(某种缺陷/疾病)”,完全匹配李海天生有智力障碍的语境,故填with。
5. 第五空:提示词为join,符合固定句型It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.(某人做某事是……的)的结构要求,需要使用不定式形式,故填to join。
6. 第六空:提示词为try,后文并列的谓语动词finished是一般过去时,描述过去参赛的事件,try也要变为一般过去式,故填tried。
7. 第七空:提示词为four,此处要表达“获得第四名”的含义,需要用序数词体现顺序,故填fourth。
8. 第八空:无提示词,空格后是名词短语the Special Olympics World Games,because of后接名词/名词短语表原因,符合此处结构要求,故填of。
9. 第九空:提示词为background,前面有形容词different(不同的)修饰,可数名词要变为复数形式,故填backgrounds。
10. 第十空:提示词为close,此处需要修饰动词work,要使用副词形式,close对应的副词closely表示“紧密地”,故填closely。
【答案】
1. disabilities 2. up 3. training 4. with 5. to join 6. tried 7. fourth 8. of 9. backgrounds 10. closely
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,词形转换,序数词用法
【点评】
本题以世界特奥会为人文主题,贴合初中英语课标常考的关怀特殊群体的话题方向,考点覆盖语法填空全部高频考点,既考察学生对基础时态、非谓语、数词规则的掌握,也要求学生结合语境判断固定搭配的适配性,难度适中,能有效检测学生的综合语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
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