五、阅读理解。
On 6th September 2023, the world's first mangrove(红树林)centre was set up in Shenzhen. The centre aims to help China and other countries to watch over and protect mangroves in the world.
Mangroves usually grow at river mouths and wetlands. They are called "coast guards" because they keep the soil together. This stops coasts turning into deserts. Besides, they play an important role in taking in CO₂ and slowing down global warming.
Therefore, more mangrove forests bring better environment. In the last few years, the mangrove lands in the world have disappeared a lot. However, China's mangroves are in increase. According to a study, China's mangrove lands have risen from 22,000 hectares(公顷)in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today.
Futian Mangrove Park is in the heart of Shenzhen. It is an important place for birds to rest after flying for a long time. What's more, the park shows the beauty of nature and teaches people how to protect the environment. It is also a relaxing place for people to take a walk.
"The set - up of this centre can not only teach us the importance of mangroves, but also improve Shenzhen's influence(影响)in the world," Lei Guangchun, a professor at Beijing Forestry University, said.
(
A. It was set up on 6th September last year.
B. It is the first mangrove centre in the world.
C. It was set up to protect mangroves in China.
D. It helps people watch mangroves.
(
A. Mangroves are home to animals.
B. Mangroves are called "coast guards".
C. Mangrove grow near river mouths and wetlands.
D. Mangroves helps improve the environment.
(
A. Change.
B. Solution.
C. Growth.
D. Success.
(
A. Enjoy natural beauty.
B. Teach other people.
C. Learn about Futian area.
D. Rest after flying.
(
A. In a travel plan.
B. In a nature magazine.
C. In a personal diary.
D. In a geography book.
On 6th September 2023, the world's first mangrove(红树林)centre was set up in Shenzhen. The centre aims to help China and other countries to watch over and protect mangroves in the world.
Mangroves usually grow at river mouths and wetlands. They are called "coast guards" because they keep the soil together. This stops coasts turning into deserts. Besides, they play an important role in taking in CO₂ and slowing down global warming.
Therefore, more mangrove forests bring better environment. In the last few years, the mangrove lands in the world have disappeared a lot. However, China's mangroves are in increase. According to a study, China's mangrove lands have risen from 22,000 hectares(公顷)in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today.
Futian Mangrove Park is in the heart of Shenzhen. It is an important place for birds to rest after flying for a long time. What's more, the park shows the beauty of nature and teaches people how to protect the environment. It is also a relaxing place for people to take a walk.
"The set - up of this centre can not only teach us the importance of mangroves, but also improve Shenzhen's influence(影响)in the world," Lei Guangchun, a professor at Beijing Forestry University, said.
(
B
)1. What do we know about the mangrove centre?A. It was set up on 6th September last year.
B. It is the first mangrove centre in the world.
C. It was set up to protect mangroves in China.
D. It helps people watch mangroves.
(
D
)2. What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Mangroves are home to animals.
B. Mangroves are called "coast guards".
C. Mangrove grow near river mouths and wetlands.
D. Mangroves helps improve the environment.
(
C
)3. What does the underlined word "increase" mean in Paragraph 3?A. Change.
B. Solution.
C. Growth.
D. Success.
(
A
)4. What can people do at Futian Mangrove Park?A. Enjoy natural beauty.
B. Teach other people.
C. Learn about Futian area.
D. Rest after flying.
(
B
)5. Where can you find this passage?A. In a travel plan.
B. In a nature magazine.
C. In a personal diary.
D. In a geography book.
答案：1. B 【点拨】根据第一段中“the world's first mangrove (红树林) centre was set up in Shenzhen”可知，深圳建立了世界上第一个红树林中心。故选 B。
2. D 【点拨】根据“they keep the soil together... global warming”可知，第二段主要介绍了红树林在环境保护中的重要作用。故选 D。
3. C 【点拨】根据“China's mangrove lands have risen from 22,000 hectares(公顷) in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today”可知，“increase”指的是增长。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据第四段中“the park shows the beauty of nature”可知，人们可以在福田红树林公园欣赏自然美景。故选 A。
5. B 【点拨】根据“the world's first mangrove(红树林) centre was set up in Shenzhen”可知，文章主要介绍了红树林的生态价值和保护措施，适合出现在自然杂志中。故选 B。
2. D 【点拨】根据“they keep the soil together... global warming”可知，第二段主要介绍了红树林在环境保护中的重要作用。故选 D。
3. C 【点拨】根据“China's mangrove lands have risen from 22,000 hectares(公顷) in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today”可知，“increase”指的是增长。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据第四段中“the park shows the beauty of nature”可知，人们可以在福田红树林公园欣赏自然美景。故选 A。
5. B 【点拨】根据“the world's first mangrove(红树林) centre was set up in Shenzhen”可知，文章主要介绍了红树林的生态价值和保护措施，适合出现在自然杂志中。故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文，梳理清楚文章核心内容：本文围绕2023年深圳成立全球首个红树林中心展开，介绍了红树林的生态价值、中国红树林面积的增长现状、福田红树林公园的功能等内容。之后针对每一道题目，回到原文对应段落精准定位相关语句，逐一比对选项，排除和原文描述不符的干扰项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段第一句“the world's first mangrove centre was set up in Shenzhen”，可知B选项表述正确。A选项原文明确给出时间是2023年9月6日，并非泛指去年，表述错误；C选项原文说明中心的目标是帮助中国和其他国家保护全球红树林，并非只保护中国的红树林，表述错误；D选项中心的作用是监管和保护红树林，不是帮助人们观赏红树林，表述错误。
2. 第2题：第二段先后介绍了红树林可以固定土壤、防止海岸荒漠化、吸收二氧化碳减缓全球变暖的作用，核心主旨是红树林对改善环境有重要意义。A选项文中没有提到红树林是动物的家园，无中生有；B选项“被称为海岸卫士”只是段落的部分细节，不是主旨；C选项“红树林生长在河口和湿地”只是段落开头的背景介绍，不是核心内容，因此选D。
3. 第3题：定位第三段划线词后文“China's mangrove lands have risen from 22,000 hectares in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today”，说明中国的红树林面积是上涨的，因此increase的含义是增长，对应C选项Growth。A选项Change（改变）表述太模糊，B选项Solution（解决方案）、D选项Success（成功）均不符合语境。
4. 第4题：定位第四段“the park shows the beauty of nature and teaches people how to protect the environment”，可知人们可以在福田红树林公园欣赏自然美景，A选项正确。B选项文中没有提到人们可以在公园教其他人，表述错误；C选项文中没有提到了解福田区域的相关内容，无中生有；D选项是鸟类长途飞行后可以在此休息，不是人类，表述错误。
5. 第5题：本文主题是红树林生态保护相关的科普内容，还提到了2023年新成立的红树林中心的相关新闻，A选项旅行计划不符合文章属性，C选项个人日记文体不符，D选项地理书籍一般不会收录时效性这么强的最新事件，因此最可能出现在自然杂志中，选B。
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意判断，词义猜测
【点评】
这是一篇生态环保主题的阅读理解，整体难度适中，大部分题目都可以通过原文直接定位细节得出答案，同时兼顾了词义推测、文章出处判断的题型，既考察学生快速检索文本信息的能力，也能引导学生了解红树林的生态价值，建立生态保护的意识。
【难度系数】
0.75
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文，梳理清楚文章核心内容：本文围绕2023年深圳成立全球首个红树林中心展开，介绍了红树林的生态价值、中国红树林面积的增长现状、福田红树林公园的功能等内容。之后针对每一道题目，回到原文对应段落精准定位相关语句，逐一比对选项，排除和原文描述不符的干扰项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段第一句“the world's first mangrove centre was set up in Shenzhen”，可知B选项表述正确。A选项原文明确给出时间是2023年9月6日，并非泛指去年，表述错误；C选项原文说明中心的目标是帮助中国和其他国家保护全球红树林，并非只保护中国的红树林，表述错误；D选项中心的作用是监管和保护红树林，不是帮助人们观赏红树林，表述错误。
2. 第2题：第二段先后介绍了红树林可以固定土壤、防止海岸荒漠化、吸收二氧化碳减缓全球变暖的作用，核心主旨是红树林对改善环境有重要意义。A选项文中没有提到红树林是动物的家园，无中生有；B选项“被称为海岸卫士”只是段落的部分细节，不是主旨；C选项“红树林生长在河口和湿地”只是段落开头的背景介绍，不是核心内容，因此选D。
3. 第3题：定位第三段划线词后文“China's mangrove lands have risen from 22,000 hectares in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today”，说明中国的红树林面积是上涨的，因此increase的含义是增长，对应C选项Growth。A选项Change（改变）表述太模糊，B选项Solution（解决方案）、D选项Success（成功）均不符合语境。
4. 第4题：定位第四段“the park shows the beauty of nature and teaches people how to protect the environment”，可知人们可以在福田红树林公园欣赏自然美景，A选项正确。B选项文中没有提到人们可以在公园教其他人，表述错误；C选项文中没有提到了解福田区域的相关内容，无中生有；D选项是鸟类长途飞行后可以在此休息，不是人类，表述错误。
5. 第5题：本文主题是红树林生态保护相关的科普内容，还提到了2023年新成立的红树林中心的相关新闻，A选项旅行计划不符合文章属性，C选项个人日记文体不符，D选项地理书籍一般不会收录时效性这么强的最新事件，因此最可能出现在自然杂志中，选B。
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意判断，词义猜测
【点评】
这是一篇生态环保主题的阅读理解，整体难度适中，大部分题目都可以通过原文直接定位细节得出答案，同时兼顾了词义推测、文章出处判断的题型，既考察学生快速检索文本信息的能力，也能引导学生了解红树林的生态价值，建立生态保护的意识。
【难度系数】
0.75