Ⅵ. 任务型阅读
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成相关任务。
(2024·南通期末改编)
Part 1 What is personality (个性)?
Personality is the pattern of
Each person's personality is made up of different personality characters such as kindness or shyness. These characters decide how people behave in different situations. For example, if someone shy is served the wrong meal in a restaurant, he or she probably won't say anything. On the other hand, someone outgoing will probably complain and get the meal he or she ordered.
Part 2
The human brain is like a computer because it controls the human body just as a computer controls a robot.
However, humans aren't robots! We have personalities. The human brain has a special part giving us personality and allowing us to think for ourselves, unlike a computer. This part of the brain is called the mind.
Part 3 Personality types
Clearly scientists cannot study the mind by looking inside someone's brain! All they would see is blood and gray matter. To study the mind, scientists have to study human behaviour. This includes watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests like this one:
1. Do you think you're pretty or good-looking?
2. Would you rather read a book or go to a party?
3. Do you have a large group of friends or just one or two close friends?
4. Do you mind talking in public or does it scare you?
5. Are you messy or neat?
6. Do you plan your work well or do you do things at the last minute?
Scientists believe that answers to these types of questions tell us something about a person's personality characters. After asking thousands of people thousands of questions, they've found that seem, personality, together, some, characters, to, go. This has led scientists to believe that there are certain personality types. For example, shy people are often quiet. They have an introverted (内向的) personality type. The opposite is an extroverted (外向的) personality type—people who are outgoing, talkative and like being around other people.
1. Personality is the pattern of
A. hobbies
B. feelings
C. health
D. habits
2. The topic for the second part is “
A. What's your personality like?
B. Why should we have personalities?
C. Where does your personality come from?
D. How does the human brain control the human body?
3. How do scientists study human behaviour?
4. 请将文中画线部分连词成句。
5. What kind of personality type are you, an introverted person or an extroverted person? Can you tell us your reason?
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成相关任务。
(2024·南通期末改编)
Part 1 What is personality (个性)?
Personality is the pattern of
feelings
, thoughts and behaviour shown through people's lives. It makes them different from others.Each person's personality is made up of different personality characters such as kindness or shyness. These characters decide how people behave in different situations. For example, if someone shy is served the wrong meal in a restaurant, he or she probably won't say anything. On the other hand, someone outgoing will probably complain and get the meal he or she ordered.
Part 2
Where does your personality come from?
The human brain is like a computer because it controls the human body just as a computer controls a robot.
However, humans aren't robots! We have personalities. The human brain has a special part giving us personality and allowing us to think for ourselves, unlike a computer. This part of the brain is called the mind.
Part 3 Personality types
Clearly scientists cannot study the mind by looking inside someone's brain! All they would see is blood and gray matter. To study the mind, scientists have to study human behaviour. This includes watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests like this one:
1. Do you think you're pretty or good-looking?
2. Would you rather read a book or go to a party?
3. Do you have a large group of friends or just one or two close friends?
4. Do you mind talking in public or does it scare you?
5. Are you messy or neat?
6. Do you plan your work well or do you do things at the last minute?
Scientists believe that answers to these types of questions tell us something about a person's personality characters. After asking thousands of people thousands of questions, they've found that seem, personality, together, some, characters, to, go. This has led scientists to believe that there are certain personality types. For example, shy people are often quiet. They have an introverted (内向的) personality type. The opposite is an extroverted (外向的) personality type—people who are outgoing, talkative and like being around other people.
1. Personality is the pattern of
feelings
, thoughts and behaviour shown through people's lives.A. hobbies
B. feelings
C. health
D. habits
2. The topic for the second part is “
Where does your personality come from?
”.A. What's your personality like?
B. Why should we have personalities?
C. Where does your personality come from?
D. How does the human brain control the human body?
3. How do scientists study human behaviour?
By watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests.
4. 请将文中画线部分连词成句。
some personality characters seem to go together
5. What kind of personality type are you, an introverted person or an extroverted person? Can you tell us your reason?
I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.(言之有理即可)
答案：Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了什么是个性,以及个性的类型。
1. B 解析:根据"thoughts and behaviour"可知,此处应是与"思想、行为"并列的人的内在表现,A 选项 hobbies、C 选项 health、D 选项 habits 均不符合;B 选项 feelings 与"思想、行为"并列,符合语境,故选 B。
2. C 解析:第二部分内容主要介绍了 human brain 的作用,以及大脑中 the mind 是赋予人个性的部分,核心是"个性的来源"。A 选项"你的个性是什么样的?"、B 选项"我们为什么应该要有个性?"、D 选项"人类大脑如何控制人体?"均未贴合该部分核心;C 选项"你的个性来自哪里?"符合语境,故选 C。
3. By watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests.
4. some personality characters seem to go together
5. I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.(言之有理即可)
1. B 解析:根据"thoughts and behaviour"可知,此处应是与"思想、行为"并列的人的内在表现,A 选项 hobbies、C 选项 health、D 选项 habits 均不符合;B 选项 feelings 与"思想、行为"并列,符合语境,故选 B。
2. C 解析:第二部分内容主要介绍了 human brain 的作用,以及大脑中 the mind 是赋予人个性的部分,核心是"个性的来源"。A 选项"你的个性是什么样的?"、B 选项"我们为什么应该要有个性?"、D 选项"人类大脑如何控制人体?"均未贴合该部分核心;C 选项"你的个性来自哪里?"符合语境,故选 C。
3. By watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests.
4. some personality characters seem to go together
5. I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.(言之有理即可)
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节匹配题，解题思路是找到与“thoughts（思想）”“behaviour（行为）”并列的人的内在特质，对比选项筛选出符合语境的答案；
2. 第2题是主旨归纳题，需通读第二部分内容，抓住其核心是介绍个性的产生来源，再匹配对应的主题选项；
3. 第3题是细节查找题，直接在原文中定位科学家研究人类行为的具体方式即可；
4. 第4题是连词成句题，先确定主语“some personality characters”，再找到谓语“seem to go together”，组合成符合语法和语义的句子；
5. 第5题是开放性题目，只需结合自身实际，说明自己的个性类型并给出合理理由即可。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文中“thoughts and behaviour”可知，此处需填与思想、行为并列的人的内在表现。A选项hobbies（爱好）、C选项health（健康）、D选项habits（习惯）均不符合语境；B选项feelings（情感）与思想、行为并列，符合要求，故选B。
2. 第2题：第二部分主要介绍了人类大脑的作用，以及大脑中名为mind的部分是赋予人类个性的关键，核心是讲解个性的来源。A选项询问个性类型、B选项询问拥有个性的原因、D选项询问大脑控制身体的方式，均未贴合该部分核心；C选项“你的个性来自哪里？”符合语境，故选C。
3. 第3题：根据原文“To study the mind, scientists have to study human behaviour. This includes watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests like this one”可知，科学家研究人类行为的方式是仔细观察人们并开展个性测试，故得出答案。
4. 第4题：先确定主语为“some personality characters”，谓语部分为“seem to go together”，组合后形成通顺的句子：some personality characters seem to go together。
5. 第5题：这是开放性题目，只需结合自身实际给出合理表述即可，示例答案为I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.
【答案】
1. B
2. C
3. By watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests.
4. some personality characters seem to go together
5. I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
细节理解题、主旨大意题、连词成句
【点评】
本文是一篇说明文，围绕“个性”展开，涵盖了个性的定义、来源及类型等内容。题型丰富，既考查学生的细节查找、主旨概括能力，又考查语言组织与运用能力，开放性题目还能引导学生结合自身实际思考，有助于提升学生的综合语用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是细节匹配题，解题思路是找到与“thoughts（思想）”“behaviour（行为）”并列的人的内在特质，对比选项筛选出符合语境的答案；
2. 第2题是主旨归纳题，需通读第二部分内容，抓住其核心是介绍个性的产生来源，再匹配对应的主题选项；
3. 第3题是细节查找题，直接在原文中定位科学家研究人类行为的具体方式即可；
4. 第4题是连词成句题，先确定主语“some personality characters”，再找到谓语“seem to go together”，组合成符合语法和语义的句子；
5. 第5题是开放性题目，只需结合自身实际，说明自己的个性类型并给出合理理由即可。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文中“thoughts and behaviour”可知，此处需填与思想、行为并列的人的内在表现。A选项hobbies（爱好）、C选项health（健康）、D选项habits（习惯）均不符合语境；B选项feelings（情感）与思想、行为并列，符合要求，故选B。
2. 第2题：第二部分主要介绍了人类大脑的作用，以及大脑中名为mind的部分是赋予人类个性的关键，核心是讲解个性的来源。A选项询问个性类型、B选项询问拥有个性的原因、D选项询问大脑控制身体的方式，均未贴合该部分核心；C选项“你的个性来自哪里？”符合语境，故选C。
3. 第3题：根据原文“To study the mind, scientists have to study human behaviour. This includes watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests like this one”可知，科学家研究人类行为的方式是仔细观察人们并开展个性测试，故得出答案。
4. 第4题：先确定主语为“some personality characters”，谓语部分为“seem to go together”，组合后形成通顺的句子：some personality characters seem to go together。
5. 第5题：这是开放性题目，只需结合自身实际给出合理表述即可，示例答案为I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.
【答案】
1. B
2. C
3. By watching people carefully and carrying out personality tests.
4. some personality characters seem to go together
5. I am an extroverted person. Because I like being around others.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
细节理解题、主旨大意题、连词成句
【点评】
本文是一篇说明文，围绕“个性”展开，涵盖了个性的定义、来源及类型等内容。题型丰富，既考查学生的细节查找、主旨概括能力，又考查语言组织与运用能力，开放性题目还能引导学生结合自身实际思考，有助于提升学生的综合语用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6