Ⅰ. 例题
假如你是李华,你的英国笔友 Peter 要来中国做交换生,并寄宿在当地一位同学家中。他给你发来邮件,询问中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪。请你用英语回复一封邮件,介绍一些你认为 Peter 应该了解的社交礼仪,并就他在拜访寄宿家庭前需做哪些准备给出建议。
提示问题:· What social manners in China should Peter know? · What should Peter prepare before visiting the host family?
要求:1. 要点齐全、条理清楚、表达准确、语句通顺、意思连贯;2. 适当发挥,100 词左右,短文开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
I'm excited to learn that you are coming to China.
Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
假如你是李华,你的英国笔友 Peter 要来中国做交换生,并寄宿在当地一位同学家中。他给你发来邮件,询问中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪。请你用英语回复一封邮件,介绍一些你认为 Peter 应该了解的社交礼仪,并就他在拜访寄宿家庭前需做哪些准备给出建议。
提示问题:· What social manners in China should Peter know? · What should Peter prepare before visiting the host family?
要求:1. 要点齐全、条理清楚、表达准确、语句通顺、意思连贯;2. 适当发挥,100 词左右,短文开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
I'm excited to learn that you are coming to China.
Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案:As you'll be staying with a host family, understanding some basic Chinese social manners is important. Here are some tips for you.
Firstly, when you meet someone for the first time, it's polite to shake hands. This is a common greeting in China. Secondly, showing respect is crucial. You can use both hands when you give or receive something. Also, it is highly appreciated that you use respectful language when talking to older people. Before visiting your host family, consider bringing a small gift to show your gratitude. It could be something from your country. What's more, learning a few easy Chinese words and sentences will be really useful. It shows you try to fit in and respect the culture.
Firstly, when you meet someone for the first time, it's polite to shake hands. This is a common greeting in China. Secondly, showing respect is crucial. You can use both hands when you give or receive something. Also, it is highly appreciated that you use respectful language when talking to older people. Before visiting your host family, consider bringing a small gift to show your gratitude. It could be something from your country. What's more, learning a few easy Chinese words and sentences will be really useful. It shows you try to fit in and respect the culture.
解析:
【分析】
首先,这是一篇英语邮件写作题,核心任务是给英国笔友介绍中国日常社交礼仪,并给出拜访寄宿家庭的准备建议。解题思路如下:
1. 承接开头:先呼应Peter要来中国的消息,引出要讲的礼仪和准备事项,自然过渡。
2. 分点阐述社交礼仪:选取中国日常且重要的典型礼仪,比如初次见面握手、双手接递物品、对长辈用敬语,这些内容实用且易理解。
3. 给出拜访准备建议:从文化融入角度出发,建议带本国特色小礼物、学简单中文表达,既体现礼貌又能快速拉近与寄宿家庭的距离。
4. 控制篇幅:严格贴合100词左右的要求,用Firstly、Secondly、What's more等连接词梳理结构,保证条理清晰、表达准确。
【解析】
1. 开篇过渡:用“As you'll be staying with a host family, understanding some basic Chinese social manners is important. Here are some tips for you.”承接题目给出的开头,明确写作目的,自然引出下文。
2. 介绍社交礼仪:
初次见面礼仪:点明握手是中国常见的问候方式,符合初次见面的社交场景。
尊重相关礼仪:从双手接递物品、对长辈使用敬语两个细节,体现中国文化中“尊重”的核心社交原则。
3. 给出拜访准备建议:
礼物准备:建议携带本国特色小礼物,既表达感谢又能传递本国文化。
语言准备:建议学习简单中文表达,展现对中国文化的尊重与融入意愿。
4. 整体内容连贯,逻辑清晰,符合题目对要点、篇幅、语言的要求。
【答案】
As you'll be staying with a host family, understanding some basic Chinese social manners is important. Here are some tips for you.
Firstly, when you meet someone for the first time, it's polite to shake hands. This is a common greeting in China. Secondly, showing respect is crucial. You can use both hands when you give or receive something. Also, it is highly appreciated that you use respectful language when talking to older people. Before visiting your host family, consider bringing a small gift to show your gratitude. It could be something from your country. What's more, learning a few easy Chinese words and sentences will be really useful. It shows you try to fit in and respect the culture.
【知识点】
1. 跨文化社交礼仪
2. 英语邮件写作
3. 应用文写作
【点评】
这篇邮件紧扣题目要求,要点齐全,既清晰介绍了中国核心社交礼仪,又给出了贴合文化背景的拜访准备建议。文章用连接词构建清晰的逻辑结构,语言简洁地道,符合英语邮件的写作规范,能有效帮助Peter快速了解中国社交文化,达到写作目的。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先,这是一篇英语邮件写作题,核心任务是给英国笔友介绍中国日常社交礼仪,并给出拜访寄宿家庭的准备建议。解题思路如下:
1. 承接开头:先呼应Peter要来中国的消息,引出要讲的礼仪和准备事项,自然过渡。
2. 分点阐述社交礼仪:选取中国日常且重要的典型礼仪,比如初次见面握手、双手接递物品、对长辈用敬语,这些内容实用且易理解。
3. 给出拜访准备建议:从文化融入角度出发,建议带本国特色小礼物、学简单中文表达,既体现礼貌又能快速拉近与寄宿家庭的距离。
4. 控制篇幅:严格贴合100词左右的要求,用Firstly、Secondly、What's more等连接词梳理结构,保证条理清晰、表达准确。
【解析】
1. 开篇过渡:用“As you'll be staying with a host family, understanding some basic Chinese social manners is important. Here are some tips for you.”承接题目给出的开头,明确写作目的,自然引出下文。
2. 介绍社交礼仪:
初次见面礼仪:点明握手是中国常见的问候方式,符合初次见面的社交场景。
尊重相关礼仪:从双手接递物品、对长辈使用敬语两个细节,体现中国文化中“尊重”的核心社交原则。
3. 给出拜访准备建议:
礼物准备:建议携带本国特色小礼物,既表达感谢又能传递本国文化。
语言准备:建议学习简单中文表达,展现对中国文化的尊重与融入意愿。
4. 整体内容连贯,逻辑清晰,符合题目对要点、篇幅、语言的要求。
【答案】
As you'll be staying with a host family, understanding some basic Chinese social manners is important. Here are some tips for you.
Firstly, when you meet someone for the first time, it's polite to shake hands. This is a common greeting in China. Secondly, showing respect is crucial. You can use both hands when you give or receive something. Also, it is highly appreciated that you use respectful language when talking to older people. Before visiting your host family, consider bringing a small gift to show your gratitude. It could be something from your country. What's more, learning a few easy Chinese words and sentences will be really useful. It shows you try to fit in and respect the culture.
【知识点】
1. 跨文化社交礼仪
2. 英语邮件写作
3. 应用文写作
【点评】
这篇邮件紧扣题目要求,要点齐全,既清晰介绍了中国核心社交礼仪,又给出了贴合文化背景的拜访准备建议。文章用连接词构建清晰的逻辑结构,语言简洁地道,符合英语邮件的写作规范,能有效帮助Peter快速了解中国社交文化,达到写作目的。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. 对……表示尊重
2. 舒服自在,不拘束
3. 好客的(adj.)
4. 信守诺言
1. 对……表示尊重
show respect for
2. 舒服自在,不拘束
feel at home
3. 好客的(adj.)
hospitable
4. 信守诺言
keep one's word
答案:1. show respect for 2. feel at home 3. hospitable 4. keep one's word
解析:
【分析】
这是一道话题词汇识记题,解题时需根据中文提示,区分要填写的是短语还是单词,回忆对应的英语固定表达或词汇:
1. 对于“对……表示尊重”,要想到表示“尊重”的名词respect,搭配动词show和介词for,构成固定短语;
2. “舒服自在,不拘束”是常用的交际类短语,需回忆日常积累的对应表达;
3. “好客的(adj.)”需要写出对应的形容词形式,注意词性要求;
4. “信守诺言”是约定俗成的固定短语,要准确记忆短语结构。
【解析】
1. “对……表示尊重”对应的英语固定短语为show respect for,其中show意为“表达,展示”,respect作为名词表示“尊重”,for引出对象;
2. “舒服自在,不拘束”的常用英语表达是feel at home,该短语常用于描述在某个环境中放松的状态;
3. “好客的”形容词形式是hospitable,该词由名词hospitality(好客)派生而来;
4. “信守诺言”的固定英语短语是keep one's word,one's需根据主语的人称和数进行相应变化,如keep my word、keep their words等。
【答案】
1. show respect for 2. feel at home 3. hospitable 4. keep one's word
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、形容词词汇积累、话题词汇识记
【点评】
本题考查常见话题词汇及短语的识记,这些表达在日常交际、英语写作中应用广泛,学生需注重日常积累,准确掌握短语结构和词汇词性,避免混淆相似表达。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一道话题词汇识记题,解题时需根据中文提示,区分要填写的是短语还是单词,回忆对应的英语固定表达或词汇:
1. 对于“对……表示尊重”,要想到表示“尊重”的名词respect,搭配动词show和介词for,构成固定短语;
2. “舒服自在,不拘束”是常用的交际类短语,需回忆日常积累的对应表达;
3. “好客的(adj.)”需要写出对应的形容词形式,注意词性要求;
4. “信守诺言”是约定俗成的固定短语,要准确记忆短语结构。
【解析】
1. “对……表示尊重”对应的英语固定短语为show respect for,其中show意为“表达,展示”,respect作为名词表示“尊重”,for引出对象;
2. “舒服自在,不拘束”的常用英语表达是feel at home,该短语常用于描述在某个环境中放松的状态;
3. “好客的”形容词形式是hospitable,该词由名词hospitality(好客)派生而来;
4. “信守诺言”的固定英语短语是keep one's word,one's需根据主语的人称和数进行相应变化,如keep my word、keep their words等。
【答案】
1. show respect for 2. feel at home 3. hospitable 4. keep one's word
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、形容词词汇积累、话题词汇识记
【点评】
本题考查常见话题词汇及短语的识记,这些表达在日常交际、英语写作中应用广泛,学生需注重日常积累,准确掌握短语结构和词汇词性,避免混淆相似表达。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. 佳句翻译
1. 在对待赞扬的问题上,中国人和英国人的做法有所不同。
2. 我的建议是:入乡随俗。
3. 如果朋友邀请你去家里吃饭,除非你确实得赶紧离开,否则不要匆忙用餐。
1. 在对待赞扬的问题上,中国人和英国人的做法有所不同。
The Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise.
2. 我的建议是:入乡随俗。
My advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
3. 如果朋友邀请你去家里吃饭,除非你确实得赶紧离开,否则不要匆忙用餐。
If a friend invites you to have dinner at his/her home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
答案:1. The Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise. 2. My advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do. 3. If a friend invites you to have dinner at his/her home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
解析:
【分析】
对于这三句翻译题,我们可以逐句拆解思路:
1. 第一句中,“在对待赞扬的问题上”是常见的语境表达,英语中常用固定短语"when it comes to"来对应;“做法有所不同”可译为"behave differently from",主语用"The Chinese"和"the British"分别指代两国人群体,符合英语指代习惯。
2. 第二句的“入乡随俗”是经典英语谚语,直接使用固定表达"when in Rome, do as the Romans do"即可,前面的“我的建议是”译为"My advice is",简洁明了。
3. 第三句是包含条件状语从句和让步状语从句的复合句,先确定主从句逻辑:“如果朋友邀请你去家里吃饭”用If引导条件状语从句,“邀请某人做某事”用"invite sb. to do sth."结构;“除非你确实得赶紧离开”用unless引导让步状语从句,“匆忙用餐”译为"rush your meal",整体要保证从句时态和主句祈使句的搭配合理。
【解析】
1. 第一句:
核心短语:"when it comes to"(当谈到/涉及到……),"behave differently from"(与……做法不同)
翻译:The Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise.
2. 第二句:
核心谚语:"when in Rome, do as the Romans do"(入乡随俗)
翻译:My advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
3. 第三句:
核心结构:If引导条件状语从句,unless引导让步状语从句;"invite sb. to have dinner"(邀请某人吃饭),"leave in a hurry"(赶紧离开),"rush one's meal"(匆忙用餐)
翻译:If a friend invites you to have dinner at his/her home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
【答案】
1. The Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise.
2. My advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
3. If a friend invites you to have dinner at his/her home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
【知识点】
1. 常用短语运用
2. 英语谚语表达
3. 状语从句翻译
【点评】
本题考查日常交际场景的汉译英能力,涵盖固定短语、经典谚语以及复合句的翻译技巧,需要学生掌握中英表达差异,熟练运用常用英语表达和从句结构,注重翻译的准确性和地道性。
【难度系数】
0.7
对于这三句翻译题,我们可以逐句拆解思路:
1. 第一句中,“在对待赞扬的问题上”是常见的语境表达,英语中常用固定短语"when it comes to"来对应;“做法有所不同”可译为"behave differently from",主语用"The Chinese"和"the British"分别指代两国人群体,符合英语指代习惯。
2. 第二句的“入乡随俗”是经典英语谚语,直接使用固定表达"when in Rome, do as the Romans do"即可,前面的“我的建议是”译为"My advice is",简洁明了。
3. 第三句是包含条件状语从句和让步状语从句的复合句,先确定主从句逻辑:“如果朋友邀请你去家里吃饭”用If引导条件状语从句,“邀请某人做某事”用"invite sb. to do sth."结构;“除非你确实得赶紧离开”用unless引导让步状语从句,“匆忙用餐”译为"rush your meal",整体要保证从句时态和主句祈使句的搭配合理。
【解析】
1. 第一句:
核心短语:"when it comes to"(当谈到/涉及到……),"behave differently from"(与……做法不同)
翻译:The Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise.
2. 第二句:
核心谚语:"when in Rome, do as the Romans do"(入乡随俗)
翻译:My advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
3. 第三句:
核心结构:If引导条件状语从句,unless引导让步状语从句;"invite sb. to have dinner"(邀请某人吃饭),"leave in a hurry"(赶紧离开),"rush one's meal"(匆忙用餐)
翻译:If a friend invites you to have dinner at his/her home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
【答案】
1. The Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise.
2. My advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
3. If a friend invites you to have dinner at his/her home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
【知识点】
1. 常用短语运用
2. 英语谚语表达
3. 状语从句翻译
【点评】
本题考查日常交际场景的汉译英能力,涵盖固定短语、经典谚语以及复合句的翻译技巧,需要学生掌握中英表达差异,熟练运用常用英语表达和从句结构,注重翻译的准确性和地道性。
【难度系数】
0.7