Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每题2分,满分16分)
A
新素材 对AI礼貌有什么影响 Sam Altman，CEO of ChatGPT，replied to a user who asked，"How much money has OpenAI lost in electricity costs from people saying 'please' and 'thank you' to their models?": "Tens of millions of dollars spent—you never know." Therefore，politeness costs nothing，except when you're using an AI chatbot.
Large language models like ChatGPT require huge processing(处理)power to be developed or trained and large，power-hungry data centres to operate them. All this takes energy and other resources like water. A single query(提问)to ChatGPT uses between 0.6 and 1.5 watt hours of electricity(the same as keeping an LED light on for 4 to 13 minutes). This compares with a single search using 0.2 watt hours of electricity in some web search engines. Using the chatbot for between 10 and 50 queries requires about two litres of water，according to experts from University of California，Riverside. There are officially 500 million regular users of the chatbot，and Altman recently suggested the real figure could be closer to a billion people.
Politeness can，however，give you better results from AI chatbots，a recent paper from Waseda University concluded. It is also found that being rude increased the chances of incorrect answers，or refusal to answer. A post on the Microsoft website described the AI models as "a giant prediction machine". So when it clocks politeness，it's probably polite back.
Henry Shevlin，associate director of the Leverhulme Centre，said it was important to have some perspectives(视角)on the environmental issue. "AI training runs do have a significant environmental input(投入)，but individual queries are completely insignificant，" he said. A forthcoming article he coauthored found that a single fast food restaurant had a water footprint four times that of the training for an AI model.
1. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer introduce the topic?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving an example.
C. By making a comparison.
D. By quoting someone's words.
2. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. LED lights are environmentally friendly.
B. Searching websites need more energy than ChatGPT.
C. Heavy use of ChatGPT requires a large amount of water.
D. Water is used to measure(衡量)the processing power of AI chatbot.
3. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The disadvantages of AI chatbots.
B. The working principle of AI chatbots.
C. The results of talking with AI chatbots.
D. The influence of politeness on AI chatbots.
4. 语言能力 分析能力 What is Henry Shevlin's attitude towards the environmental influence of AI?
A. Worried.
B. Fair.
C. Uninterested.
D. Doubtful.
A
新素材 对AI礼貌有什么影响 Sam Altman，CEO of ChatGPT，replied to a user who asked，"How much money has OpenAI lost in electricity costs from people saying 'please' and 'thank you' to their models?": "Tens of millions of dollars spent—you never know." Therefore，politeness costs nothing，except when you're using an AI chatbot.
Large language models like ChatGPT require huge processing(处理)power to be developed or trained and large，power-hungry data centres to operate them. All this takes energy and other resources like water. A single query(提问)to ChatGPT uses between 0.6 and 1.5 watt hours of electricity(the same as keeping an LED light on for 4 to 13 minutes). This compares with a single search using 0.2 watt hours of electricity in some web search engines. Using the chatbot for between 10 and 50 queries requires about two litres of water，according to experts from University of California，Riverside. There are officially 500 million regular users of the chatbot，and Altman recently suggested the real figure could be closer to a billion people.
Politeness can，however，give you better results from AI chatbots，a recent paper from Waseda University concluded. It is also found that being rude increased the chances of incorrect answers，or refusal to answer. A post on the Microsoft website described the AI models as "a giant prediction machine". So when it clocks politeness，it's probably polite back.
Henry Shevlin，associate director of the Leverhulme Centre，said it was important to have some perspectives(视角)on the environmental issue. "AI training runs do have a significant environmental input(投入)，but individual queries are completely insignificant，" he said. A forthcoming article he coauthored found that a single fast food restaurant had a water footprint four times that of the training for an AI model.
1. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer introduce the topic?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving an example.
C. By making a comparison.
D. By quoting someone's words.
2. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. LED lights are environmentally friendly.
B. Searching websites need more energy than ChatGPT.
C. Heavy use of ChatGPT requires a large amount of water.
D. Water is used to measure(衡量)the processing power of AI chatbot.
3. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The disadvantages of AI chatbots.
B. The working principle of AI chatbots.
C. The results of talking with AI chatbots.
D. The influence of politeness on AI chatbots.
4. 语言能力 分析能力 What is Henry Shevlin's attitude towards the environmental influence of AI?
A. Worried.
B. Fair.
C. Uninterested.
D. Doubtful.
答案：1 - 4 DCDB
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了使用 AI 聊天机器人（如 ChatGPT）时礼貌用语对电力消耗和环境的影响，同时指出礼貌用语可能带来更好的交互结果，并强调了相对于其他人类活动，AI 查询对环境的影响微不足道。
1. D 解析：写作手法题。根据第一段“Tens of millions of dollars spent—you never know.”可知，Sam Altman 回应用户的疑问，引出了下文讨论的话题：使用 AI 聊天机器人（如 ChatGPT）时礼貌用语会有影响。故选 D。
2. C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Using the chatbot for between 10 and 50 queries requires about two litres of water”可知，大量使用 ChatGPT 需要大量的水。故选 C。
3. D 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段，特别是“Politeness can, however, give you better results from AI chatbots”可知，第三段主要讲礼貌对 AI 聊天机器人的影响，对 AI 礼貌时，回复结果更好。故选 D。
4. B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“AI training runs do have a significant environmental input, but individual queries are completely insignificant”可知，Henry Shevlin 认为 AI 训练确实对环境有重大影响，但单个查询的影响完全可以忽略不计，这表明他对 AI 对环境的影响持公平的态度。故选 B。
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了使用 AI 聊天机器人（如 ChatGPT）时礼貌用语对电力消耗和环境的影响，同时指出礼貌用语可能带来更好的交互结果，并强调了相对于其他人类活动，AI 查询对环境的影响微不足道。
1. D 解析：写作手法题。根据第一段“Tens of millions of dollars spent—you never know.”可知，Sam Altman 回应用户的疑问，引出了下文讨论的话题：使用 AI 聊天机器人（如 ChatGPT）时礼貌用语会有影响。故选 D。
2. C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Using the chatbot for between 10 and 50 queries requires about two litres of water”可知，大量使用 ChatGPT 需要大量的水。故选 C。
3. D 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段，特别是“Politeness can, however, give you better results from AI chatbots”可知，第三段主要讲礼貌对 AI 聊天机器人的影响，对 AI 礼貌时，回复结果更好。故选 D。
4. B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“AI training runs do have a significant environmental input, but individual queries are completely insignificant”可知，Henry Shevlin 认为 AI 训练确实对环境有重大影响，但单个查询的影响完全可以忽略不计，这表明他对 AI 对环境的影响持公平的态度。故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题：判断作者引入话题的手法，需聚焦文章开篇内容。文章第一段引用ChatGPT的CEO Sam Altman回应用户的话语，以此引出“对AI礼貌的影响”这一核心话题，需从选项中匹配对应写作手法。
2. 第2题：属于细节理解题，需回归第二段逐一验证选项。先定位原文中AI查询的水电消耗相关数据，再对比选项内容，排除与原文不符的表述，锁定正确选项。
3. 第3题：段落大意题，需抓住段落中心句。第三段首句明确指出“礼貌能让AI聊天机器人给出更好的结果”，后续补充了粗鲁态度带来的负面影响，核心围绕礼貌对AI聊天机器人的影响展开。
4. 第4题：观点态度题，需分析人物的表述逻辑。Henry Shevlin既认可AI训练对环境有重大投入，又强调单个查询的影响微不足道，从正反两方面客观评价，据此判断其态度。
【解析】
1. 写作手法题：根据第一段中Sam Altman回应用户的话“Tens of millions of dollars spent—you never know.”，作者通过引用他人话语引出“使用AI聊天机器人时礼貌用语的影响”这一话题，故选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Using the chatbot for between 10 and 50 queries requires about two litres of water”可知，大量使用ChatGPT需要消耗大量水。A选项LED灯并非段落讨论重点；B选项与原文“a single query to ChatGPT uses between 0.6 and 1.5 watt hours...a single search using 0.2 watt hours”表述相反；D选项水并非用来衡量AI的处理能力，故排除A、B、D，选C。
3. 段落大意题：通读第三段，首句“Politeness can, however, give you better results from AI chatbots”点明核心，后续又提到“being rude increased the chances of incorrect answers，or refusal to answer”，说明该段主要讲述礼貌对AI聊天机器人的影响，故选D。
4. 观点态度题：根据最后一段Henry Shevlin的表述“AI training runs do have a significant environmental input(投入)，but individual queries are completely insignificant”，他既承认AI训练对环境有影响，又指出单个查询的影响可以忽略，是客观公平的评价，故选B。
【答案】
1-4 DCDB
【知识点】
细节理解、段落大意归纳、观点态度分析
【点评】
本文以“对AI礼貌的影响”为话题，结合当下热门AI素材，考查了写作手法判断、细节抓取、段落主旨归纳及观点态度分析等多种阅读能力。题目设置贴合新考法，需要学生精准定位原文信息，同时具备一定的归纳分析能力，有助于提升学生的综合阅读素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：判断作者引入话题的手法，需聚焦文章开篇内容。文章第一段引用ChatGPT的CEO Sam Altman回应用户的话语，以此引出“对AI礼貌的影响”这一核心话题，需从选项中匹配对应写作手法。
2. 第2题：属于细节理解题，需回归第二段逐一验证选项。先定位原文中AI查询的水电消耗相关数据，再对比选项内容，排除与原文不符的表述，锁定正确选项。
3. 第3题：段落大意题，需抓住段落中心句。第三段首句明确指出“礼貌能让AI聊天机器人给出更好的结果”，后续补充了粗鲁态度带来的负面影响，核心围绕礼貌对AI聊天机器人的影响展开。
4. 第4题：观点态度题，需分析人物的表述逻辑。Henry Shevlin既认可AI训练对环境有重大投入，又强调单个查询的影响微不足道，从正反两方面客观评价，据此判断其态度。
【解析】
1. 写作手法题：根据第一段中Sam Altman回应用户的话“Tens of millions of dollars spent—you never know.”，作者通过引用他人话语引出“使用AI聊天机器人时礼貌用语的影响”这一话题，故选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Using the chatbot for between 10 and 50 queries requires about two litres of water”可知，大量使用ChatGPT需要消耗大量水。A选项LED灯并非段落讨论重点；B选项与原文“a single query to ChatGPT uses between 0.6 and 1.5 watt hours...a single search using 0.2 watt hours”表述相反；D选项水并非用来衡量AI的处理能力，故排除A、B、D，选C。
3. 段落大意题：通读第三段，首句“Politeness can, however, give you better results from AI chatbots”点明核心，后续又提到“being rude increased the chances of incorrect answers，or refusal to answer”，说明该段主要讲述礼貌对AI聊天机器人的影响，故选D。
4. 观点态度题：根据最后一段Henry Shevlin的表述“AI training runs do have a significant environmental input(投入)，but individual queries are completely insignificant”，他既承认AI训练对环境有影响，又指出单个查询的影响可以忽略，是客观公平的评价，故选B。
【答案】
1-4 DCDB
【知识点】
细节理解、段落大意归纳、观点态度分析
【点评】
本文以“对AI礼貌的影响”为话题，结合当下热门AI素材，考查了写作手法判断、细节抓取、段落主旨归纳及观点态度分析等多种阅读能力。题目设置贴合新考法，需要学生精准定位原文信息，同时具备一定的归纳分析能力，有助于提升学生的综合阅读素养。
【难度系数】
0.6