B
Indonesia aims to increase their use of geothermal(地热的)energy to move away from highly polluting fossil fuels.
Geothermal energy uses heat from underground hot water to produce electricity. Some environmental experts see geothermal energy as a good source of clean energy because it can provide power 24 hours a day. Geothermal power plants also require little to keep them running and can last for many years.
Countries with high geothermal possibilities have areas where volcanic activity naturally carries hot water or steam to the earth’s surface. The hot water or steam can also be reached by digging into the ground.
Marit Brommer is the head of the International Geothermal Association based in the Netherlands. She said，“We’re basically standing on our own Sun，which we can get clean，dependable energy from.”
In Southeast Asia，geothermal energy production is expected to surge tenfold(10 倍)from 2020 to 2050，reaching 276 million megawatt-hours.
Indonesia is the second largest user of geothermal energy in the world. Still，Indonesia uses less than one-tenth of its large reserves of geothermal energy. Six per cent of the country’s power supply comes from geothermal sources. Indonesia plans to expand its production of geothermal energy，aiming to increase geothermal production by at least 8 per cent by 2030.
However，developing new geothermal projects is costly and sometimes risky for companies when they test and look for reservoirs(储藏). That makes it hard to get money for development. In Indonesia，villagers have protested geothermal projects. They say the projects are not safe and can harm the environment. Several geothermal projects in Indonesia have had deadly gas leaks(泄漏)in the past five years.
The World Bank is providing a 150 million loan to increase Indonesian investments in geothermal energy. And the Green Climate Fund and the Clean Technology Fund are providing 127.5 million. The Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources says it is working to shorten the wait time to get permits for new geothermal projects. It is also considering ways to increase the amount of money companies could make from the projects.
5. Why does Marit Brommer compare the earth to the Sun?
A. It’s a source of energy like the Sun.
B. It is as helpful as the Sun.
C. It is as important as the Sun.
D. It can take the place of the Sun.
6. What does the underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Strengthen.
B. Apply.
C. Increase.
D. Maintain.
7. What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?
A. The challenge facing new geothermal projects.
B. The benefit Indonesia got from new geothermal projects.
C. The effort companies made to develop new geothermal projects.
D. Indonesia’s determination to develop new geothermal projects.
8. What does the author want to tell in the last paragraph?
A. Necessity to develop geothermal energy.
B. Ways to help develop geothermal energy.
C. Money needed to develop geothermal energy.
D. The history of geothermal energy development.
Indonesia aims to increase their use of geothermal(地热的)energy to move away from highly polluting fossil fuels.
Geothermal energy uses heat from underground hot water to produce electricity. Some environmental experts see geothermal energy as a good source of clean energy because it can provide power 24 hours a day. Geothermal power plants also require little to keep them running and can last for many years.
Countries with high geothermal possibilities have areas where volcanic activity naturally carries hot water or steam to the earth’s surface. The hot water or steam can also be reached by digging into the ground.
Marit Brommer is the head of the International Geothermal Association based in the Netherlands. She said，“We’re basically standing on our own Sun，which we can get clean，dependable energy from.”
In Southeast Asia，geothermal energy production is expected to surge tenfold(10 倍)from 2020 to 2050，reaching 276 million megawatt-hours.
Indonesia is the second largest user of geothermal energy in the world. Still，Indonesia uses less than one-tenth of its large reserves of geothermal energy. Six per cent of the country’s power supply comes from geothermal sources. Indonesia plans to expand its production of geothermal energy，aiming to increase geothermal production by at least 8 per cent by 2030.
However，developing new geothermal projects is costly and sometimes risky for companies when they test and look for reservoirs(储藏). That makes it hard to get money for development. In Indonesia，villagers have protested geothermal projects. They say the projects are not safe and can harm the environment. Several geothermal projects in Indonesia have had deadly gas leaks(泄漏)in the past five years.
The World Bank is providing a 150 million loan to increase Indonesian investments in geothermal energy. And the Green Climate Fund and the Clean Technology Fund are providing 127.5 million. The Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources says it is working to shorten the wait time to get permits for new geothermal projects. It is also considering ways to increase the amount of money companies could make from the projects.
5. Why does Marit Brommer compare the earth to the Sun?
A. It’s a source of energy like the Sun.
B. It is as helpful as the Sun.
C. It is as important as the Sun.
D. It can take the place of the Sun.
6. What does the underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Strengthen.
B. Apply.
C. Increase.
D. Maintain.
7. What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?
A. The challenge facing new geothermal projects.
B. The benefit Indonesia got from new geothermal projects.
C. The effort companies made to develop new geothermal projects.
D. Indonesia’s determination to develop new geothermal projects.
8. What does the author want to tell in the last paragraph?
A. Necessity to develop geothermal energy.
B. Ways to help develop geothermal energy.
C. Money needed to develop geothermal energy.
D. The history of geothermal energy development.
答案：5 - 8 ACAB
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了印度尼西亚致力于增加地热能的使用以替代高污染的化石燃料。文章阐述了地热能的优势、印度尼西亚地热能的使用现状,同时也提及开发新地热能项目面临的挑战以及为推动地热能发展所采取的措施。
5. A 解析: 推理判断题。根据上文介绍地热能以及第四段“We're basically standing on our own Sun, which we can get clean, dependable energy from.”可知,Marit Brommer 将地球比作太阳,是因为地球像太阳一样可以带来清洁能源。故选 A。
6. C 解析: 词义猜测题。根据第五段“from 2020 to 2050, reaching 276 million megawatt-hours”可知,地热能产量是增长的,所以“surge”意思是“增加”。故选 C。
7. A 解析: 段落大意题。根据第七段“However, developing new geothermal projects is costly and sometimes risky for companies when they test and look for reservoirs.”可知,该段主要讲述了新地热能项目面临的挑战。故选 A。
8. B 解析: 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The World Bank is providing a 150 million loan... it is working to shorten the wait time to get permits for new geothermal projects... increase the amount of money companies could make from the projects.”可知,作者在最后一段意在说明帮助发展地热能的方法:资金支持和政策支持。故选 B。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了印度尼西亚致力于增加地热能的使用以替代高污染的化石燃料。文章阐述了地热能的优势、印度尼西亚地热能的使用现状,同时也提及开发新地热能项目面临的挑战以及为推动地热能发展所采取的措施。
5. A 解析: 推理判断题。根据上文介绍地热能以及第四段“We're basically standing on our own Sun, which we can get clean, dependable energy from.”可知,Marit Brommer 将地球比作太阳,是因为地球像太阳一样可以带来清洁能源。故选 A。
6. C 解析: 词义猜测题。根据第五段“from 2020 to 2050, reaching 276 million megawatt-hours”可知,地热能产量是增长的,所以“surge”意思是“增加”。故选 C。
7. A 解析: 段落大意题。根据第七段“However, developing new geothermal projects is costly and sometimes risky for companies when they test and look for reservoirs.”可知,该段主要讲述了新地热能项目面临的挑战。故选 A。
8. B 解析: 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The World Bank is providing a 150 million loan... it is working to shorten the wait time to get permits for new geothermal projects... increase the amount of money companies could make from the projects.”可知,作者在最后一段意在说明帮助发展地热能的方法:资金支持和政策支持。故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第5题：这是推理判断题，解题时先定位到原文第四段Marit Brommer的发言，再结合前文对地热能是清洁可靠能源的介绍，理解她将地球比作太阳的核心原因是地球能像太阳一样提供清洁能源，进而排除不符合文意的选项。
2. 第6题：这是词义猜测题，解题关键是结合画线词所在句的语境，根据“tenfold(10倍)”和产量数据“reaching 276 million megawatt-hours”，推断出“surge”表示产量增长的含义，再匹配选项得出答案。
3. 第7题：这是段落大意题，解题时关注段落开头的转折词“However”，它引出与前文地热能优势相反的内容，再结合该段提到的开发成本高、有风险、村民抗议、气体泄漏等内容，归纳出本段主旨是新地热项目面临的挑战。
4. 第8题：这是推理判断题，解题时梳理最后一段的内容，世界银行提供贷款、相关基金给予资金支持、印尼政府缩短审批时间并考虑提升企业收益，这些都是帮助发展地热能的具体措施，由此判断作者想要传达的内容。
【解析】
5. 推理判断题。根据前文对地热能的介绍以及第四段Marit Brommer所说的“We're basically standing on our own Sun, which we can get clean, dependable energy from.”可知，她将地球比作太阳是因为地球像太阳一样，是清洁、可靠的能源来源。故选A。
6. 词义猜测题。根据第五段“from 2020 to 2050，reaching 276 million megawatt-hours”以及“tenfold(10倍)”的提示，可知东南亚地热能产量会大幅增长，因此“surge”的意思是“增加”。故选C。
7. 段落大意题。根据第七段开头的“However”以及该段内容“developing new geothermal projects is costly and sometimes risky... villagers have protested... deadly gas leaks”可知，本段主要讲述了开发新地热项目面临的诸多挑战。故选A。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容：世界银行提供1.5亿美元贷款、相关基金提供1.275亿美元支持，印尼政府缩短新项目审批时间并考虑提升企业收益，这些都是帮助发展地热能的具体方法。故选B。
【答案】
5-8 ACAB
【知识点】
推理判断题解法、词义猜测技巧、段落大意归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇说明文，围绕印尼开发地热能展开，题目从不同角度考查学生对文本细节的理解、词义的推断以及段落主旨的归纳能力。解题时需注重结合上下文语境，抓住关键信息，比如转折词、数据、核心观点等，才能准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第5题：这是推理判断题，解题时先定位到原文第四段Marit Brommer的发言，再结合前文对地热能是清洁可靠能源的介绍，理解她将地球比作太阳的核心原因是地球能像太阳一样提供清洁能源，进而排除不符合文意的选项。
2. 第6题：这是词义猜测题，解题关键是结合画线词所在句的语境，根据“tenfold(10倍)”和产量数据“reaching 276 million megawatt-hours”，推断出“surge”表示产量增长的含义，再匹配选项得出答案。
3. 第7题：这是段落大意题，解题时关注段落开头的转折词“However”，它引出与前文地热能优势相反的内容，再结合该段提到的开发成本高、有风险、村民抗议、气体泄漏等内容，归纳出本段主旨是新地热项目面临的挑战。
4. 第8题：这是推理判断题，解题时梳理最后一段的内容，世界银行提供贷款、相关基金给予资金支持、印尼政府缩短审批时间并考虑提升企业收益，这些都是帮助发展地热能的具体措施，由此判断作者想要传达的内容。
【解析】
5. 推理判断题。根据前文对地热能的介绍以及第四段Marit Brommer所说的“We're basically standing on our own Sun, which we can get clean, dependable energy from.”可知，她将地球比作太阳是因为地球像太阳一样，是清洁、可靠的能源来源。故选A。
6. 词义猜测题。根据第五段“from 2020 to 2050，reaching 276 million megawatt-hours”以及“tenfold(10倍)”的提示，可知东南亚地热能产量会大幅增长，因此“surge”的意思是“增加”。故选C。
7. 段落大意题。根据第七段开头的“However”以及该段内容“developing new geothermal projects is costly and sometimes risky... villagers have protested... deadly gas leaks”可知，本段主要讲述了开发新地热项目面临的诸多挑战。故选A。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容：世界银行提供1.5亿美元贷款、相关基金提供1.275亿美元支持，印尼政府缩短新项目审批时间并考虑提升企业收益，这些都是帮助发展地热能的具体方法。故选B。
【答案】
5-8 ACAB
【知识点】
推理判断题解法、词义猜测技巧、段落大意归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇说明文，围绕印尼开发地热能展开，题目从不同角度考查学生对文本细节的理解、词义的推断以及段落主旨的归纳能力。解题时需注重结合上下文语境，抓住关键信息，比如转折词、数据、核心观点等，才能准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6