Ⅵ. 首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
The book *Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea* is a classic science fiction adventure novel by the French writer Jules Verne. Verne was a son of a lawyer. However, he decided to be a writer 1. i
The story starts in New York City and takes the readers to many 6. d
Why not read the novel during the coming holiday?
根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
The book *Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea* is a classic science fiction adventure novel by the French writer Jules Verne. Verne was a son of a lawyer. However, he decided to be a writer 1. i
nstead
of a lawyer. He liked sailing and the sea. He also liked travelling around the world. He and his wife 2. spent
much time sailing on his ship. They sailed to many places and had adventures. Later, all of these were written 3. into
his books. The book *Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea* is about Captain Nemo and his submarine (潜艇) —a kind of vessel that travels under 4. water
. His submarine is called Nautilus. Submarines are common today, but Verne wrote about this submarine many years 5. before
they appeared! Some of Verne's ideas came true in history.The story starts in New York City and takes the readers to many 6. d
ifferent
places. Verne describes some real places like the Mediterranean Sea, the South Pole and the Antarctic. But the story 7. also
talks about visits to some fictional locations like Atlantis, an underwater city. Many people think the title *Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea* means 8. how
deep the submarine travels under the water. However, the submarine never travels over a few leagues below the water. In fact, the title refers to the distance which Captain Nemo and his submarine travel during the course of the book. The book is 9. full
of mysteries and magic things under water. It has been 10. translated
into many different languages and sells well.Why not read the novel during the coming holiday?
答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了经典科幻小说《海底两万里》。
1. instead 2. spent 3. into 4. water 5. before
6. different 7. also 8. how 9. full 10. translated
1. instead 2. spent 3. into 4. water 5. before
6. different 7. also 8. how 9. full 10. translated
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍经典科幻小说《海底两万里》的说明文，首字母填空需要结合上下文语境、固定短语搭配和语法知识来解题。解题思路如下：
1. 第1空：根据前文“Verne是律师的儿子，却决定当作家”，结合固定短语instead of（而不是），确定填instead。
2. 第2空：根据“spend time doing sth（花费时间做某事）”的固定结构，且文章讲述过去的事，用一般过去时，spend的过去式是spent，确定填spent。
3. 第3空：根据“把航行经历写进书里”的语境，结合write into（写进）的固定表达，确定填into。
4. 第4空：根据潜艇的航行特点，潜艇在水下航行，under water（水下）符合语境，确定填water。
5. 第5空：根据“现在潜艇很常见，但Verne在潜艇出现前就写了相关内容”的逻辑，确定填before。
6. 第6空：根据后文提到的“真实地点和虚构地点”，可知是很多不同的地方，确定填different。
7. 第7空：前文讲真实地点，后文讲虚构地点，用also（也）承接上下文，确定填also。
8. 第8空：人们误解书名是指潜艇下潜的深度，用how deep（多深）引导宾语从句，确定填how。
9. 第9空：结合固定短语be full of（充满），表示书里充满水下的神秘事物，确定填full。
10. 第10空：根据“被翻译成多种语言”的语境，用被动语态，translate的过去分词是translated，确定填translated。
【解析】
1. instead：根据前文“Verne was a son of a lawyer. However, he decided to be a writer”可知，他选择当作家而非律师，固定短语instead of意为“代替，而不是”，故填instead。
2. spent：考查固定结构spend time doing sth（花费时间做某事），文章叙述过去的事件，用一般过去时，spend的过去式为spent，故填spent。
3. into：根据语境“all of these were written...his books”，表示将航行经历写进书中，write into是固定表达，故填into。
4. water：潜艇是在水下航行的交通工具，under water表示“水下”，符合语境，故填water。
5. before：根据“Submarines are common today, but Verne wrote about this submarine many years...they appeared”可知，Verne在潜艇实际出现之前就创作了相关内容，before符合逻辑，故填before。
6. different：后文提到了真实地点和虚构地点，说明故事带读者去了很多不同的地方，different意为“不同的”，故填different。
7. also：前文介绍了书中的真实地点，此处介绍虚构地点，用also（也）来承接上下文，使逻辑连贯，故填also。
8. how：此处是宾语从句，how deep表示“多深”，符合人们对书名的误解，故填how。
9. full：固定短语be full of意为“充满”，此处指这本书里充满了水下的神秘和奇妙事物，故填full。
10. translated：根据“into many different languages”可知，这本书被翻译成多种语言，此处用被动语态，translate的过去分词是translated，故填translated。
【答案】
1. instead 2. spent 3. into 4. water 5. before
6. different 7. also 8. how 9. full 10. translated
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、一般过去时、被动语态
【点评】
本文围绕经典科幻小说《海底两万里》展开介绍，首字母填空既考查了学生对上下文语境的理解能力，又考查了固定短语、时态、语态等语法知识的运用。解题时需紧密结合文章内容和语法规则，逐一分析每个空的语境和语法要求，才能准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍经典科幻小说《海底两万里》的说明文，首字母填空需要结合上下文语境、固定短语搭配和语法知识来解题。解题思路如下：
1. 第1空：根据前文“Verne是律师的儿子，却决定当作家”，结合固定短语instead of（而不是），确定填instead。
2. 第2空：根据“spend time doing sth（花费时间做某事）”的固定结构，且文章讲述过去的事，用一般过去时，spend的过去式是spent，确定填spent。
3. 第3空：根据“把航行经历写进书里”的语境，结合write into（写进）的固定表达，确定填into。
4. 第4空：根据潜艇的航行特点，潜艇在水下航行，under water（水下）符合语境，确定填water。
5. 第5空：根据“现在潜艇很常见，但Verne在潜艇出现前就写了相关内容”的逻辑，确定填before。
6. 第6空：根据后文提到的“真实地点和虚构地点”，可知是很多不同的地方，确定填different。
7. 第7空：前文讲真实地点，后文讲虚构地点，用also（也）承接上下文，确定填also。
8. 第8空：人们误解书名是指潜艇下潜的深度，用how deep（多深）引导宾语从句，确定填how。
9. 第9空：结合固定短语be full of（充满），表示书里充满水下的神秘事物，确定填full。
10. 第10空：根据“被翻译成多种语言”的语境，用被动语态，translate的过去分词是translated，确定填translated。
【解析】
1. instead：根据前文“Verne was a son of a lawyer. However, he decided to be a writer”可知，他选择当作家而非律师，固定短语instead of意为“代替，而不是”，故填instead。
2. spent：考查固定结构spend time doing sth（花费时间做某事），文章叙述过去的事件，用一般过去时，spend的过去式为spent，故填spent。
3. into：根据语境“all of these were written...his books”，表示将航行经历写进书中，write into是固定表达，故填into。
4. water：潜艇是在水下航行的交通工具，under water表示“水下”，符合语境，故填water。
5. before：根据“Submarines are common today, but Verne wrote about this submarine many years...they appeared”可知，Verne在潜艇实际出现之前就创作了相关内容，before符合逻辑，故填before。
6. different：后文提到了真实地点和虚构地点，说明故事带读者去了很多不同的地方，different意为“不同的”，故填different。
7. also：前文介绍了书中的真实地点，此处介绍虚构地点，用also（也）来承接上下文，使逻辑连贯，故填also。
8. how：此处是宾语从句，how deep表示“多深”，符合人们对书名的误解，故填how。
9. full：固定短语be full of意为“充满”，此处指这本书里充满了水下的神秘和奇妙事物，故填full。
10. translated：根据“into many different languages”可知，这本书被翻译成多种语言，此处用被动语态，translate的过去分词是translated，故填translated。
【答案】
1. instead 2. spent 3. into 4. water 5. before
6. different 7. also 8. how 9. full 10. translated
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、一般过去时、被动语态
【点评】
本文围绕经典科幻小说《海底两万里》展开介绍，首字母填空既考查了学生对上下文语境的理解能力，又考查了固定短语、时态、语态等语法知识的运用。解题时需紧密结合文章内容和语法规则，逐一分析每个空的语境和语法要求，才能准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅶ. 任务型阅读
阅读并根据下面的短文,在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Sage of calligraphy
Wang Xizhi was born in Linyi of Shandong Province. He served as a general and officer in the Jin Dynasty, and was a famous calligrapher. Wang is still known as the calligraphy sage (圣人).
Wang's uncles and cousins were all famous calligraphers of their time. At seven, Wang began a systematic (系统性的) study of calligraphy under a female calligrapher, Wei Shuo. He kept copying the Wei-style calligraphy for years and learned much from the works of calligraphers.
To practise calligraphy, wherever he went, he would try to find out the styles of previous calligraphers and copy them, through collecting many calligraphic materials. There were writing brushes, ink sticks and ink stones in his study, yard and even outside the toilet. Whenever he thought of a well-structured character, he would write it down right away.
Wang wrote with smoothness and grandness (宏伟). Some people have described his calligraphy as "the dragon jumping over the heavenly gate and the tiger lying in the palace of the phoenix (凤凰)". Wang was good at many types of calligraphy but the *xingshu*-style *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* (《兰亭集序》) is the most popular of his works.
There is a story behind this work. In 353, Wang invited famous people to get together at a party with 41 guests at the Orchid Pavilion, where they drank. The guests were asked to write poems. The poems were collected, and Wang wrote *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* on his own, describing how happy these men were. Wang's talent in calligraphy was brought into full play during it.
The Song Dynasty scholar Mi Fu called *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* the world's best work in *xingshu* style. It's said that Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty treasured the work and had it buried in his tomb. Wang left behind calligraphic works, and *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* is one of them.
|The 1.
• working 3.
• 4.
• copying for years and learning from the works|
||His Calligraphy style|• practising frequently, and recording his 5.
• praising his calligraphy as "the dragon jumping over the heavenly gate and the tiger lying in the palace to the phoenix".|
|*Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection*|The 6.
• It shows the happy scene of these men and Wang's calligraphy 8.
||The influence of the work|• Song Dynasty Mi Fu praised that no works can be 9.
• Tang Dynasty Emperor Taizong thought it was so 10.
阅读并根据下面的短文,在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Sage of calligraphy
Wang Xizhi was born in Linyi of Shandong Province. He served as a general and officer in the Jin Dynasty, and was a famous calligrapher. Wang is still known as the calligraphy sage (圣人).
Wang's uncles and cousins were all famous calligraphers of their time. At seven, Wang began a systematic (系统性的) study of calligraphy under a female calligrapher, Wei Shuo. He kept copying the Wei-style calligraphy for years and learned much from the works of calligraphers.
To practise calligraphy, wherever he went, he would try to find out the styles of previous calligraphers and copy them, through collecting many calligraphic materials. There were writing brushes, ink sticks and ink stones in his study, yard and even outside the toilet. Whenever he thought of a well-structured character, he would write it down right away.
Wang wrote with smoothness and grandness (宏伟). Some people have described his calligraphy as "the dragon jumping over the heavenly gate and the tiger lying in the palace of the phoenix (凤凰)". Wang was good at many types of calligraphy but the *xingshu*-style *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* (《兰亭集序》) is the most popular of his works.
There is a story behind this work. In 353, Wang invited famous people to get together at a party with 41 guests at the Orchid Pavilion, where they drank. The guests were asked to write poems. The poems were collected, and Wang wrote *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* on his own, describing how happy these men were. Wang's talent in calligraphy was brought into full play during it.
The Song Dynasty scholar Mi Fu called *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* the world's best work in *xingshu* style. It's said that Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty treasured the work and had it buried in his tomb. Wang left behind calligraphic works, and *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* is one of them.
|The 1.
introduction
to Wang Xizhi|His life 2. experience(s)
and family background|• being born into a family of calligraphers• working 3.
as
a general and officer• 4.
studying
calligraphy at 7 under Wei Shuo• copying for years and learning from the works|
||His Calligraphy style|• practising frequently, and recording his 5.
inspirations/thoughts/ideas
at any time and place.• praising his calligraphy as "the dragon jumping over the heavenly gate and the tiger lying in the palace to the phoenix".|
|*Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection*|The 6.
birth
of the work|• In 353, Wang hosted a party at the Orchid Pavilion. His guests drank and wrote poems before Wang 7. himself/independently
wrote preface to the collection.• It shows the happy scene of these men and Wang's calligraphy 8.
talent
.|||The influence of the work|• Song Dynasty Mi Fu praised that no works can be 9.
compared
with *Preface to Orchid Pavilion* collection.• Tang Dynasty Emperor Taizong thought it was so 10.
valuable
to him that he had it buried with him.|答案：【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了书法家王羲之，包括他的生平背景、书法风格、《兰亭集序》的诞生及影响等内容。
1. introduction 解析：表格此栏为“对王羲之的介绍”，introduction意为“介绍”，符合语境，故填introduction。
2. experience(s) 解析：表格此栏为“他的生活经历和家庭背景”，experience意为“经历”，可作可数或不可数名词，故填experience(s)。
3. as 解析：work as为固定搭配，意为“担任；从事……工作”，此处指“担任将军和官员”，故填as。
4. studying 解析：根据原文“began a systematic study of calligraphy”（开始系统学习书法），此处指“7岁时跟着卫铄学习书法”，study用 - ing形式作伴随状语，故填studying。
易错提醒 易误填“study”，需注意“7岁时跟着卫铄学习书法”为伴随状语，用“studying”（与前文“working”并列）。
5. inspirations/thoughts/ideas 解析：根据原文“Whenever he thought of a well - structured character, he would write it down right away.”（每当想到结构好的字，他就立刻写下来），此处指“记录他的灵感/想法”，故填inspirations/thoughts/ideas。
6. birth 解析：表格此栏为“作品的诞生”，根据原文“In 353, Wang invited famous people to get together... Wang wrote Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection（353年王羲之聚会并写《兰亭集序》）”，可知是“作品的诞生”，birth意为“诞生”，故填birth。
易错提醒 易误填“story”，需区分“作品的诞生”与“作品的故事”，原文讲“353年聚会写序”是作品的诞生背景，故填“birth”
7. himself/independently 解析：根据原文“Wang wrote Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection on his own（王羲之独自写了《兰亭集序》）”，on his own相当于（by）himself或independently，故填himself/independently。
8. talent 解析：根据原文“Wang's talent in calligraphy was brought into full play during it.（王羲之的书法天赋在其中得到充分发挥）”，此处指“展示他的书法天赋”，talent意为“天赋”，故填talent。
9. compared 解析：根据原文“Mi Fu called Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection the world's best work in xingshu style（米芾称《兰亭集序》为天下第一行书）”，可知“没有作品能与之相比”，be compared with为固定搭配，意为“与……相比”，故填compared。
10. valuable 解析：根据原文“Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty treasured the work and had it buried in his tomb（唐太宗珍视这幅作品并将其陪葬）”，可知唐太宗认为它很“珍贵”，valuable意为“珍贵的”，故填valuable。
1. introduction 解析：表格此栏为“对王羲之的介绍”，introduction意为“介绍”，符合语境，故填introduction。
2. experience(s) 解析：表格此栏为“他的生活经历和家庭背景”，experience意为“经历”，可作可数或不可数名词，故填experience(s)。
3. as 解析：work as为固定搭配，意为“担任；从事……工作”，此处指“担任将军和官员”，故填as。
4. studying 解析：根据原文“began a systematic study of calligraphy”（开始系统学习书法），此处指“7岁时跟着卫铄学习书法”，study用 - ing形式作伴随状语，故填studying。
易错提醒 易误填“study”，需注意“7岁时跟着卫铄学习书法”为伴随状语，用“studying”（与前文“working”并列）。
5. inspirations/thoughts/ideas 解析：根据原文“Whenever he thought of a well - structured character, he would write it down right away.”（每当想到结构好的字，他就立刻写下来），此处指“记录他的灵感/想法”，故填inspirations/thoughts/ideas。
6. birth 解析：表格此栏为“作品的诞生”，根据原文“In 353, Wang invited famous people to get together... Wang wrote Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection（353年王羲之聚会并写《兰亭集序》）”，可知是“作品的诞生”，birth意为“诞生”，故填birth。
易错提醒 易误填“story”，需区分“作品的诞生”与“作品的故事”，原文讲“353年聚会写序”是作品的诞生背景，故填“birth”
7. himself/independently 解析：根据原文“Wang wrote Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection on his own（王羲之独自写了《兰亭集序》）”，on his own相当于（by）himself或independently，故填himself/independently。
8. talent 解析：根据原文“Wang's talent in calligraphy was brought into full play during it.（王羲之的书法天赋在其中得到充分发挥）”，此处指“展示他的书法天赋”，talent意为“天赋”，故填talent。
9. compared 解析：根据原文“Mi Fu called Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection the world's best work in xingshu style（米芾称《兰亭集序》为天下第一行书）”，可知“没有作品能与之相比”，be compared with为固定搭配，意为“与……相比”，故填compared。
10. valuable 解析：根据原文“Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty treasured the work and had it buried in his tomb（唐太宗珍视这幅作品并将其陪葬）”，可知唐太宗认为它很“珍贵”，valuable意为“珍贵的”，故填valuable。
解析：
【分析】
这是一道任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心内容：介绍“书圣”王羲之的生平背景、书法学习经历、书法风格，以及代表作《兰亭集序》的诞生背景和影响力。
2. 梳理表格结构，表格分为三大板块：对王羲之的介绍（含生平经历与家庭背景、书法风格）、《兰亭集序》的诞生、《兰亭集序》的影响，明确每个板块对应的文章段落。
3. 逐个分析空格，回到原文定位对应语句：
对于名词类空格，需结合语境判断词义，如第1、2、5、6、8、10空，要从原文中提取核心名词或形容词；
对于固定搭配类空格，如第3空的“work as”、第9空的“be compared with”，需牢记短语搭配；
对于动词形式类空格，如第4空，要注意与前文“working”并列，使用动名词形式；
对于副词/反身代词类空格，如第7空，要结合原文“on his own”转换为对应的词汇。
4. 填完后检查词性、拼写和语境是否匹配，确保答案准确。
【解析】
1. 第1空：表格此栏为对王羲之的整体介绍，结合文章内容，introduction意为“介绍”，符合语境，故填introduction。
2. 第2空：表格此栏对应王羲之的生活经历和家庭背景，experience表示“经历”，可作可数或不可数名词，故填experience(s)。
3. 第3空：固定搭配“work as”意为“担任；从事……工作”，原文提到王羲之“served as a general and officer”，此处填as符合搭配要求。
4. 第4空：原文提到“At seven, Wang began a systematic study of calligraphy under a female calligrapher, Wei Shuo”，此处与前文“working”并列作伴随状语，需用study的动名词形式studying。
5. 第5空：根据原文“Whenever he thought of a well-structured character, he would write it down right away”，可知他随时记录灵感/想法，inspirations/thoughts/ideas均符合语境。
6. 第6空：表格此栏介绍《兰亭集序》的诞生背景，原文讲述了353年王羲之聚会创作该作品的过程，birth意为“诞生”，符合板块主题。
7. 第7空：原文提到“Wang wrote *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* on his own”，on his own等同于himself或independently，故填himself/independently。
8. 第8空：原文指出“Wang's talent in calligraphy was brought into full play during it”，此处指作品展现了他的书法天赋，talent符合语境。
9. 第9空：原文提到米芾称《兰亭集序》为“天下第一行书”，即没有作品能与之相比，固定搭配“be compared with”意为“与……相比”，此处用被动形式compared。
10. 第10空：原文提到唐太宗“treasured the work and had it buried in his tomb”，说明他认为作品很珍贵，valuable意为“珍贵的”，符合语境。
【答案】
1. introduction
2. experience(s)
3. as
4. studying
5. inspirations/thoughts/ideas
6. birth
7. himself/independently
8. talent
9. compared
10. valuable
【知识点】
1. 任务型阅读信息提取
2. 固定搭配运用
3. 词汇语境辨析
【点评】
本题围绕书法家王羲之展开，考查学生对文章信息的提取、归纳能力，以及对固定搭配、词汇词性转换的掌握。解题时需精准定位原文语句，结合表格语境判断词汇形式，部分空格需注意词性变化和词义辨析，对学生的细心程度和语言综合运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心内容：介绍“书圣”王羲之的生平背景、书法学习经历、书法风格，以及代表作《兰亭集序》的诞生背景和影响力。
2. 梳理表格结构，表格分为三大板块：对王羲之的介绍（含生平经历与家庭背景、书法风格）、《兰亭集序》的诞生、《兰亭集序》的影响，明确每个板块对应的文章段落。
3. 逐个分析空格，回到原文定位对应语句：
对于名词类空格，需结合语境判断词义，如第1、2、5、6、8、10空，要从原文中提取核心名词或形容词；
对于固定搭配类空格，如第3空的“work as”、第9空的“be compared with”，需牢记短语搭配；
对于动词形式类空格，如第4空，要注意与前文“working”并列，使用动名词形式；
对于副词/反身代词类空格，如第7空，要结合原文“on his own”转换为对应的词汇。
4. 填完后检查词性、拼写和语境是否匹配，确保答案准确。
【解析】
1. 第1空：表格此栏为对王羲之的整体介绍，结合文章内容，introduction意为“介绍”，符合语境，故填introduction。
2. 第2空：表格此栏对应王羲之的生活经历和家庭背景，experience表示“经历”，可作可数或不可数名词，故填experience(s)。
3. 第3空：固定搭配“work as”意为“担任；从事……工作”，原文提到王羲之“served as a general and officer”，此处填as符合搭配要求。
4. 第4空：原文提到“At seven, Wang began a systematic study of calligraphy under a female calligrapher, Wei Shuo”，此处与前文“working”并列作伴随状语，需用study的动名词形式studying。
5. 第5空：根据原文“Whenever he thought of a well-structured character, he would write it down right away”，可知他随时记录灵感/想法，inspirations/thoughts/ideas均符合语境。
6. 第6空：表格此栏介绍《兰亭集序》的诞生背景，原文讲述了353年王羲之聚会创作该作品的过程，birth意为“诞生”，符合板块主题。
7. 第7空：原文提到“Wang wrote *Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection* on his own”，on his own等同于himself或independently，故填himself/independently。
8. 第8空：原文指出“Wang's talent in calligraphy was brought into full play during it”，此处指作品展现了他的书法天赋，talent符合语境。
9. 第9空：原文提到米芾称《兰亭集序》为“天下第一行书”，即没有作品能与之相比，固定搭配“be compared with”意为“与……相比”，此处用被动形式compared。
10. 第10空：原文提到唐太宗“treasured the work and had it buried in his tomb”，说明他认为作品很珍贵，valuable意为“珍贵的”，符合语境。
【答案】
1. introduction
2. experience(s)
3. as
4. studying
5. inspirations/thoughts/ideas
6. birth
7. himself/independently
8. talent
9. compared
10. valuable
【知识点】
1. 任务型阅读信息提取
2. 固定搭配运用
3. 词汇语境辨析
【点评】
本题围绕书法家王羲之展开，考查学生对文章信息的提取、归纳能力，以及对固定搭配、词汇词性转换的掌握。解题时需精准定位原文语句，结合表格语境判断词汇形式，部分空格需注意词性变化和词义辨析，对学生的细心程度和语言综合运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6