一、完成表格阅读短文，完成表格。
The CDC(疾病预防控制中心) says if you don't wash your hands, you can catch viruses from many places and make yourself ill. It is dangerous every time you touch your eyes, nose or mouth. One of the most common ways to catch a cold is by rubbing your nose or eyes when there are cold viruses on your hands, and you may spread the viruses to others. You should wash your hands in the following situations:
The CDC(疾病预防控制中心) says if you don't wash your hands, you can catch viruses from many places and make yourself ill. It is dangerous every time you touch your eyes, nose or mouth. One of the most common ways to catch a cold is by rubbing your nose or eyes when there are cold viruses on your hands, and you may spread the viruses to others. You should wash your hands in the following situations:
答案：1. way 2. using 3. nose 4. meals 5. pets 6. clean 7. right 8. hot/cold 9. cold/hot 10. 15/fifteen
解析：
【分析】
这是一道结合短文与插图的信息补全表格题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读短文，明确核心内容：洗手的重要性、病毒传播途径，以及需洗手的场景和正确洗手的方法；
2. 结合表格空格的逻辑维度（从参考答案反推涉及感染方式、洗手场景、洗手细节等），逐一匹配文本和插图中的关键信息；
3. 注意空格处的词性要求，比如动名词、名词等，确保填写的词汇符合语法规则与语境逻辑。
【解析】
1. 根据短文“One of the most common ways to catch a cold is by rubbing your nose or eyes when there are cold viruses on your hands”，此处需填表示“方式”的名词，故填way；
2. 结合生活常识与表格逻辑，使用公共物品后需洗手，此处需填动名词形式，故填using；
3. 短文明确提到揉鼻子是感冒传播的常见方式，对应填nose；
4. 饭前饭后是需要洗手的典型场景，对应填meals；
5. 接触宠物后易沾染病菌，需洗手，对应填pets；
6. 洗手的核心目的是保持清洁，对应填形容词clean；
7. 洗手需采用正确的方法，对应填形容词right；
8. 洗手可选用热水或冷水（即温水），对应填hot/cold；
9. 与第8空形成对应，填cold/hot；
10. 正确洗手的建议时长为15秒，对应填15/fifteen。
【答案】
1. way 2. using 3. nose 4. meals 5. pets 6. clean 7. right 8. hot/cold 9. cold/hot 10. 15/fifteen
【知识点】
阅读理解信息提取、词汇语境匹配、生活健康常识
【点评】
本题结合生活健康常识，既考察学生从文本及插图中提取关键信息的能力，又要求学生关注词汇的词性适配与语境逻辑，贴合实际生活的同时，能有效检验学生的信息整合与语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道结合短文与插图的信息补全表格题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读短文，明确核心内容：洗手的重要性、病毒传播途径，以及需洗手的场景和正确洗手的方法；
2. 结合表格空格的逻辑维度（从参考答案反推涉及感染方式、洗手场景、洗手细节等），逐一匹配文本和插图中的关键信息；
3. 注意空格处的词性要求，比如动名词、名词等，确保填写的词汇符合语法规则与语境逻辑。
【解析】
1. 根据短文“One of the most common ways to catch a cold is by rubbing your nose or eyes when there are cold viruses on your hands”，此处需填表示“方式”的名词，故填way；
2. 结合生活常识与表格逻辑，使用公共物品后需洗手，此处需填动名词形式，故填using；
3. 短文明确提到揉鼻子是感冒传播的常见方式，对应填nose；
4. 饭前饭后是需要洗手的典型场景，对应填meals；
5. 接触宠物后易沾染病菌，需洗手，对应填pets；
6. 洗手的核心目的是保持清洁，对应填形容词clean；
7. 洗手需采用正确的方法，对应填形容词right；
8. 洗手可选用热水或冷水（即温水），对应填hot/cold；
9. 与第8空形成对应，填cold/hot；
10. 正确洗手的建议时长为15秒，对应填15/fifteen。
【答案】
1. way 2. using 3. nose 4. meals 5. pets 6. clean 7. right 8. hot/cold 9. cold/hot 10. 15/fifteen
【知识点】
阅读理解信息提取、词汇语境匹配、生活健康常识
【点评】
本题结合生活健康常识，既考察学生从文本及插图中提取关键信息的能力，又要求学生关注词汇的词性适配与语境逻辑，贴合实际生活的同时，能有效检验学生的信息整合与语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
What food do you eat every day? Do you eat healthy food? Now many people like to have black food—black rice, black beans, black grapes and so on. Why do they like black food? Here are some of their reasons.
Black food is good for hearts.
Black food can help their children be smart.
Black food can make their white hair turn black.
Black food is very good, but our body needs food of various colours. Food is colourful. Some food is green, some food is red, and some is black. It isn't good to always eat food of the same colour. Colourful fruit and vegetables are good for our health. Their colours help us keep healthy. Green is good for our eyes. Blue and purple help us remember things well. They are good for our eyes too. Red gets us healthy hearts. Yellow and orange get us much Vitamin C. So we should not eat only a few kinds of food. We can take photos of our food for some days. Then we can use them to know clearly what we eat every day.
(一)阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
(
A. smart
B. young
C. old
(
A. help us remember well
B. help children to be smart
C. make our hearts healthy
(
A. black, green and blue food
B. red, yellow and orange food
C. green, blue and purple food
(
A. the food
B. the colours
C. the photos
(
A. we can't eat food like black rice
B. we need to eat food of various colours
C. we need to take photos of our foods
(二)根据实际情况，回答下列问题。
1. What food do you eat every day?
2. Do you have any other ideas about having a healthy diet?
Black food is good for hearts.
Black food can help their children be smart.
Black food can make their white hair turn black.
Black food is very good, but our body needs food of various colours. Food is colourful. Some food is green, some food is red, and some is black. It isn't good to always eat food of the same colour. Colourful fruit and vegetables are good for our health. Their colours help us keep healthy. Green is good for our eyes. Blue and purple help us remember things well. They are good for our eyes too. Red gets us healthy hearts. Yellow and orange get us much Vitamin C. So we should not eat only a few kinds of food. We can take photos of our food for some days. Then we can use them to know clearly what we eat every day.
(一)阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
(
A
)1. A seven-year-old boy often has black food, so he can become.A. smart
B. young
C. old
(
C
)2. Eating red food can.A. help us remember well
B. help children to be smart
C. make our hearts healthy
(
C
)3. Mary wants to have good eyes, so she should eat.A. black, green and blue food
B. red, yellow and orange food
C. green, blue and purple food
(
C
)4. The underlined word "them" refers to(指代)"".A. the food
B. the colours
C. the photos
(
B
)5. The writer wants to tell us that.A. we can't eat food like black rice
B. we need to eat food of various colours
C. we need to take photos of our foods
(二)根据实际情况，回答下列问题。
1. What food do you eat every day?
I eat vegetables and fruit every day.（答案不唯一）
2. Do you have any other ideas about having a healthy diet?
Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.（答案不唯一）
答案：（一）1~5 A C C C B
（二）1. I eat vegetables and fruit every day.（答案不唯一）
2. Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.（答案不唯一）
（二）1. I eat vegetables and fruit every day.（答案不唯一）
2. Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.（答案不唯一）
解析：
【分析】
对于选择题，我们需要带着问题回到原文中寻找对应的关键信息，逐一匹配选项：
1. 第1题，题目询问七岁男孩常吃黑食物的结果，定位到文中“Black food can help their children be smart.”，由此确定答案。
2. 第2题，关于红色食物的作用，找到原文“Red gets us healthy hearts.”，对应选项即可。
3. 第3题，要找对眼睛好的食物，文中提到“Green is good for our eyes. Blue and purple help us remember things well. They are good for our eyes too.”，整合这些颜色就能选出正确选项。
4. 第4题，猜测“them”的指代，需看前文语境，前文提到“We can take photos of our food for some days.”，后面说用“them”了解饮食，所以“them”指代photos。
5. 第5题，找作者的写作意图，文中明确指出“Black food is very good, but our body needs food of various colours.”，结合后续内容可知作者想告诉我们要吃各种颜色的食物。
对于回答题，需要结合自身实际，给出符合健康饮食的合理表述即可，答案不唯一。
【解析】
（一）选择题：
1. 根据文中“Black food can help their children be smart.”可知，孩子常吃黑食物会变聪明，故选A。
2. 由原文“Red gets us healthy hearts.”可知，红色食物能让心脏健康，故选C。
3. 文中提到“Green is good for our eyes. Blue and purple help us remember things well. They are good for our eyes too.”，所以对眼睛好的是绿色、蓝色和紫色食物，故选C。
4. 前文提到“We can take photos of our food for some days.”，此处“them”指代前面的photos，用照片来了解日常饮食，故选C。
5. 文中强调“Black food is very good, but our body needs food of various colours.”，且后续介绍了不同颜色食物的好处，说明作者想告诉我们需要吃各种颜色的食物，故选B。
（二）回答题：
1. 结合自身实际，写出日常吃的健康食物即可，比如“I eat vegetables and fruit every day.”。
2. 给出关于健康饮食的其他合理建议，比如“Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.”。
【答案】
（一）1~5 A C C C B
（二）1. I eat vegetables and fruit every day.（答案不唯一）
2. Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
细节信息查找、词义指代猜测、主旨大意理解
【点评】
本文围绕健康饮食展开，介绍了黑色食物的好处以及不同颜色食物对身体的作用，既考查学生提取细节信息、猜测词义和把握主旨的阅读能力，又引导学生树立健康饮食的意识，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】
0.8
对于选择题，我们需要带着问题回到原文中寻找对应的关键信息，逐一匹配选项：
1. 第1题，题目询问七岁男孩常吃黑食物的结果，定位到文中“Black food can help their children be smart.”，由此确定答案。
2. 第2题，关于红色食物的作用，找到原文“Red gets us healthy hearts.”，对应选项即可。
3. 第3题，要找对眼睛好的食物，文中提到“Green is good for our eyes. Blue and purple help us remember things well. They are good for our eyes too.”，整合这些颜色就能选出正确选项。
4. 第4题，猜测“them”的指代，需看前文语境，前文提到“We can take photos of our food for some days.”，后面说用“them”了解饮食，所以“them”指代photos。
5. 第5题，找作者的写作意图，文中明确指出“Black food is very good, but our body needs food of various colours.”，结合后续内容可知作者想告诉我们要吃各种颜色的食物。
对于回答题，需要结合自身实际，给出符合健康饮食的合理表述即可，答案不唯一。
【解析】
（一）选择题：
1. 根据文中“Black food can help their children be smart.”可知，孩子常吃黑食物会变聪明，故选A。
2. 由原文“Red gets us healthy hearts.”可知，红色食物能让心脏健康，故选C。
3. 文中提到“Green is good for our eyes. Blue and purple help us remember things well. They are good for our eyes too.”，所以对眼睛好的是绿色、蓝色和紫色食物，故选C。
4. 前文提到“We can take photos of our food for some days.”，此处“them”指代前面的photos，用照片来了解日常饮食，故选C。
5. 文中强调“Black food is very good, but our body needs food of various colours.”，且后续介绍了不同颜色食物的好处，说明作者想告诉我们需要吃各种颜色的食物，故选B。
（二）回答题：
1. 结合自身实际，写出日常吃的健康食物即可，比如“I eat vegetables and fruit every day.”。
2. 给出关于健康饮食的其他合理建议，比如“Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.”。
【答案】
（一）1~5 A C C C B
（二）1. I eat vegetables and fruit every day.（答案不唯一）
2. Yes. We should drink enough water and have a balanced diet.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
细节信息查找、词义指代猜测、主旨大意理解
【点评】
本文围绕健康饮食展开，介绍了黑色食物的好处以及不同颜色食物对身体的作用，既考查学生提取细节信息、猜测词义和把握主旨的阅读能力，又引导学生树立健康饮食的意识，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】
0.8