Ⅵ. 跨学科 历史典故"千金市马骨" (2025·南通通州区期末)信息还原
燕昭王想吸引贤才,谋士郭隗给他讲了个故事:一国王出一千两黄金求千里马无果,三年后,侍臣花五百两黄金带回死马骨架,王虽不满,但那人说这能证明国王求贤诚心,之后真引来许多千里马。郭隗暗示自己就是那"死马",燕昭王于是厚待他,果然吸引来众多人才。同学们从这个故事得到了什么启发呢?
During the Warring States Period(475 BC—221 BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan(燕昭王) wanted to get talented people to work for him. He asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice.
There was once a king who wanted a special kind of horse. This horse could run 1,000 li a day. It was called qianlima. The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him.
One day, someone new volunteered to help. Only three months later, he heard about a qianlima. He hurried to find it, but the horse had already died.
The king was very angry. "What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead(死的) horse!"
The man said calmly, "
That was true. Within a year, many qianlima owners brought their horses to the king.
Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. He said, "
The king built houses for Guo and took him as a respected teacher. Soon, more talented people came to help the king and made the state strong.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
燕昭王想吸引贤才,谋士郭隗给他讲了个故事:一国王出一千两黄金求千里马无果,三年后,侍臣花五百两黄金带回死马骨架,王虽不满,但那人说这能证明国王求贤诚心,之后真引来许多千里马。郭隗暗示自己就是那"死马",燕昭王于是厚待他,果然吸引来众多人才。同学们从这个故事得到了什么启发呢?
During the Warring States Period(475 BC—221 BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan(燕昭王) wanted to get talented people to work for him. He asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice.
C
1There was once a king who wanted a special kind of horse. This horse could run 1,000 li a day. It was called qianlima. The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him.
A
2One day, someone new volunteered to help. Only three months later, he heard about a qianlima. He hurried to find it, but the horse had already died.
B
3The king was very angry. "What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead(死的) horse!"
The man said calmly, "
F
4 This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon."That was true. Within a year, many qianlima owners brought their horses to the king.
Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. He said, "
D
5"The king built houses for Guo and took him as a respected teacher. Soon, more talented people came to help the king and made the state strong.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
答案：Ⅵ. [文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了燕昭王通过"千金买骨"的故事招揽人才,最终让国家强大的典故。
1. C [解析]根据"He asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice."可知,燕昭王向郭隗求教,故空处应是郭隗给出的建议,选项C(郭隗给他讲了一个用五百金买马骨的故事)符合语境。故选C。
→ask sb for sth向某人寻求某物
2. A [解析]根据"The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him."及后文可知,此处描述的是寻找千里马的过程,选项A(三年过去了,没有人找到这样的马)能衔接上下文。故选A。
→buy sth for sb=buy sb sth给某人买某物
3. B [解析]根据"he heard about a qianlima... but the horse had already died"及后文买马骨的情节可知,选项B(但他仍然用五百金买下了这匹马的骨头)是合理的故事发展。故选B。
4. F [解析]根据"This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses."可知,此处是解释买马骨的意义,选项F(想想看,你连死马都愿意高价购买,何况活马呢?)符合说理逻辑。故选F。
→show sb sth向某人展示某事
5. D [解析]根据"he could see himself as the bones of the horse"及后文燕昭王招揽人才的结局可知,选项D(如果您重视我,更多人才会愿意为燕国效力)是郭隗的劝谏核心。故选D。
思路引导 信息还原题解题技巧:
Step 1:看位置,判功能
段首:可能是主题句或承上启下句(看前段尾句)。
段中:过渡句或细节支持句(看前后句逻辑)。
段尾:总结句或铺垫下段(看后段首句)。
Step 2:画线索,找衔接
代词:this、these、it、they、such指代前文内容。
同词复现:原词或同义词重复出现。
逻辑词:however、therefore、for example、also提示转折/因果/举例。
时间/顺序:first、then、later、finally展示时间顺序。
Step 3:排除干扰项
绝对无关:与前后句无逻辑或词汇关联。
局部正确:只匹配部分信息,但与其他句冲突。
过于宽泛:如"People have different opinions."无具体指代。
1. C [解析]根据"He asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice."可知,燕昭王向郭隗求教,故空处应是郭隗给出的建议,选项C(郭隗给他讲了一个用五百金买马骨的故事)符合语境。故选C。
→ask sb for sth向某人寻求某物
2. A [解析]根据"The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him."及后文可知,此处描述的是寻找千里马的过程,选项A(三年过去了,没有人找到这样的马)能衔接上下文。故选A。
→buy sth for sb=buy sb sth给某人买某物
3. B [解析]根据"he heard about a qianlima... but the horse had already died"及后文买马骨的情节可知,选项B(但他仍然用五百金买下了这匹马的骨头)是合理的故事发展。故选B。
4. F [解析]根据"This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses."可知,此处是解释买马骨的意义,选项F(想想看,你连死马都愿意高价购买,何况活马呢?)符合说理逻辑。故选F。
→show sb sth向某人展示某事
5. D [解析]根据"he could see himself as the bones of the horse"及后文燕昭王招揽人才的结局可知,选项D(如果您重视我,更多人才会愿意为燕国效力)是郭隗的劝谏核心。故选D。
思路引导 信息还原题解题技巧:
Step 1:看位置,判功能
段首:可能是主题句或承上启下句(看前段尾句)。
段中:过渡句或细节支持句(看前后句逻辑)。
段尾:总结句或铺垫下段(看后段首句)。
Step 2:画线索,找衔接
代词:this、these、it、they、such指代前文内容。
同词复现:原词或同义词重复出现。
逻辑词:however、therefore、for example、also提示转折/因果/举例。
时间/顺序:first、then、later、finally展示时间顺序。
Step 3:排除干扰项
绝对无关:与前后句无逻辑或词汇关联。
局部正确:只匹配部分信息,但与其他句冲突。
过于宽泛:如"People have different opinions."无具体指代。
解析：
【分析】
这是一道记叙文类的信息还原题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，了解“千金市马骨”的故事脉络，明确文章围绕燕昭王求贤，郭隗通过买马骨的典故劝谏展开。
2. 逐个分析空格前后的语境，寻找逻辑衔接线索：
第1空：前文提到燕昭王向郭隗寻求建议，需找对应故事引入的选项，衔接后续内容。
第2空：前文讲国王派人寻找千里马，后文提到有人自愿帮忙，此处需体现寻找千里马的无果状态，推进故事发展。
第3空：前文说明找到的千里马已经死了，后文国王因死马骨生气，此处需体现买马骨的行为，衔接前后情节。
第4空：前文国王生气，后文侍臣解释买马骨的意义，此处需是侍臣解释的内容，引出后文的理由。
第5空：前文郭隗把自己比作马骨，后文燕昭王厚待他引来人才，此处需是郭隗点明自己的作用，呼应求贤的核心主题。
3. 结合选项内容匹配每个空格的逻辑需求，最后验证整体语篇的连贯性。
【解析】
1. 第1空：根据前文“He asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice.”，燕昭王向郭隗寻求建议，选项C“Guo told him the story of buying horse bones with 500 pieces of gold(金).”是郭隗给出的回应，自然引出买马骨的故事，符合语境，故选C。
2. 第2空：根据前文“The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him.”，国王派人寻找千里马，选项A“After three years，nobody found such a horse.”说明寻找多年无果，衔接后文有人自愿帮忙的情节，符合逻辑，故选A。
3. 第3空：根据前文“he heard about a qianlima. He hurried to find it, but the horse had already died.”，千里马已经死了，选项B“Still，he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold.”承接此内容，体现买马骨的行为，衔接后文国王生气的情节，故选B。
4. 第4空：根据后文“This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses.”，这是对买马骨意义的解释，选项F“Think about it. You're willing to pay a high price for a dead horse，let alone a live one.”是侍臣对买马骨行为的解释，能引出后文的理由，符合逻辑，故选F。
5. 第5空：根据前文“Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse.”，郭隗自比马骨，选项D“If you value me，more talented people will be willing to serve(服务) the state.”点明此举的目的，即通过重视自己吸引更多人才，呼应燕昭王求贤的主题，故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. F
5. D
【知识点】
信息还原解题技巧、记叙文语境衔接
【点评】
本题结合历史典故“千金市马骨”，考查学生的语篇衔接能力和逻辑推理能力。解题时需结合故事发展脉络，通过上下文的语义关联、情节衔接来匹配选项，既帮助学生掌握信息还原题的解题方法，也能让学生了解传统文化典故，提升文化素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道记叙文类的信息还原题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，了解“千金市马骨”的故事脉络，明确文章围绕燕昭王求贤，郭隗通过买马骨的典故劝谏展开。
2. 逐个分析空格前后的语境，寻找逻辑衔接线索：
第1空：前文提到燕昭王向郭隗寻求建议，需找对应故事引入的选项，衔接后续内容。
第2空：前文讲国王派人寻找千里马，后文提到有人自愿帮忙，此处需体现寻找千里马的无果状态，推进故事发展。
第3空：前文说明找到的千里马已经死了，后文国王因死马骨生气，此处需体现买马骨的行为，衔接前后情节。
第4空：前文国王生气，后文侍臣解释买马骨的意义，此处需是侍臣解释的内容，引出后文的理由。
第5空：前文郭隗把自己比作马骨，后文燕昭王厚待他引来人才，此处需是郭隗点明自己的作用，呼应求贤的核心主题。
3. 结合选项内容匹配每个空格的逻辑需求，最后验证整体语篇的连贯性。
【解析】
1. 第1空：根据前文“He asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice.”，燕昭王向郭隗寻求建议，选项C“Guo told him the story of buying horse bones with 500 pieces of gold(金).”是郭隗给出的回应，自然引出买马骨的故事，符合语境，故选C。
2. 第2空：根据前文“The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him.”，国王派人寻找千里马，选项A“After three years，nobody found such a horse.”说明寻找多年无果，衔接后文有人自愿帮忙的情节，符合逻辑，故选A。
3. 第3空：根据前文“he heard about a qianlima. He hurried to find it, but the horse had already died.”，千里马已经死了，选项B“Still，he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold.”承接此内容，体现买马骨的行为，衔接后文国王生气的情节，故选B。
4. 第4空：根据后文“This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses.”，这是对买马骨意义的解释，选项F“Think about it. You're willing to pay a high price for a dead horse，let alone a live one.”是侍臣对买马骨行为的解释，能引出后文的理由，符合逻辑，故选F。
5. 第5空：根据前文“Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse.”，郭隗自比马骨，选项D“If you value me，more talented people will be willing to serve(服务) the state.”点明此举的目的，即通过重视自己吸引更多人才，呼应燕昭王求贤的主题，故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. F
5. D
【知识点】
信息还原解题技巧、记叙文语境衔接
【点评】
本题结合历史典故“千金市马骨”，考查学生的语篇衔接能力和逻辑推理能力。解题时需结合故事发展脉络，通过上下文的语义关联、情节衔接来匹配选项，既帮助学生掌握信息还原题的解题方法，也能让学生了解传统文化典故，提升文化素养。
【难度系数】
0.6