A(2025·江苏南京调研)
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal(京杭大运河) is about 1,800 kilometres long. It starts from Hangzhou in the south and 1 (go) to Beijing in the north. It has 2 long history of more than 2,500 years.
In the year AD 605, Emperor Yang Guang 3 (give) an order to build the canal. Building such a long canal was 4 (real) difficult at that time. About 3.6 5 (million) people worked on it and in a short time many of them lost their lives. It took people about six years 6 (build) the canal. The Grand Canal became a bridge 7 the north and the south of China.
The Grand Canal was built in ancient(古代的) China 8 it is still in use today. Every day, ships go up and down the canal. And many people like to walk along it. It is part of many Chinese 9 (people) life. Now, lots of people are living 10 (happy) along the canal.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal(京杭大运河) is about 1,800 kilometres long. It starts from Hangzhou in the south and 1 (go) to Beijing in the north. It has 2 long history of more than 2,500 years.
In the year AD 605, Emperor Yang Guang 3 (give) an order to build the canal. Building such a long canal was 4 (real) difficult at that time. About 3.6 5 (million) people worked on it and in a short time many of them lost their lives. It took people about six years 6 (build) the canal. The Grand Canal became a bridge 7 the north and the south of China.
The Grand Canal was built in ancient(古代的) China 8 it is still in use today. Every day, ships go up and down the canal. And many people like to walk along it. It is part of many Chinese 9 (people) life. Now, lots of people are living 10 (happy) along the canal.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1. goes 2. a 3. gave 4. really 5. million 6. to build
7. between 8. but 9. people's 10. happily
7. between 8. but 9. people's 10. happily
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍京杭大运河的语篇语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确整体时态：介绍运河的客观现状用一般现在时，描述古代发生的事件用一般过去时。之后逐个分析每个空格的考点：先判断空格所需的词性，结合前后文的固定搭配、时态规则、语境逻辑来推导正确形式，同时注意名词所有格、数词用法等细节考点，就能顺利得出答案。
【解析】
1. 此处and连接并列谓语，主语It指代京杭大运河，是第三人称单数，前文的starts为一般现在时的谓语形式，因此go要变为第三人称单数形式goes。
2. 固定搭配have a long history意为“有着悠久的历史”，因此填不定冠词a。
3. 时间状语In the year AD 605是明确的过去时间，谓语动词要使用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。
4. 空格后是形容词difficult，需要用副词修饰形容词，real的副词形式是really。
5. 数词million前有具体数字3.6修饰时，million需用单数形式，无需加s，因此填million。
6. 此处符合固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.（做某事花费某人多长时间），因此要填动词不定式to build。
7. 固定搭配between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指大运河成为连接中国南北的桥梁，因此填between。
8. 前半句说明大运河是古代中国修建的，后半句说明它至今仍在使用，前后语义为转折关系，因此填转折连词but。
9. 此处要表达“许多中国人的生活”，需用名词所有格修饰后面的名词life，people的所有格形式是people's。
10. 空格处修饰动词living，需要用副词形式，happy的副词是happily。
【答案】
1. goes 2. a 3. gave 4. really 5. million 6. to build 7. between 8. but 9. people's 10. happily
【知识点】
动词时态变形，固定短语搭配，词性转换规则
【点评】
本题选取中国世界文化遗产京杭大运河作为语篇载体，考点均为初中英语核心基础语法点，兼顾了语言知识考察和文化常识渗透，整体难度平缓，学生只要掌握基础的语法变形规则、熟记常见固定搭配即可顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍京杭大运河的语篇语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确整体时态：介绍运河的客观现状用一般现在时，描述古代发生的事件用一般过去时。之后逐个分析每个空格的考点：先判断空格所需的词性，结合前后文的固定搭配、时态规则、语境逻辑来推导正确形式，同时注意名词所有格、数词用法等细节考点，就能顺利得出答案。
【解析】
1. 此处and连接并列谓语，主语It指代京杭大运河，是第三人称单数，前文的starts为一般现在时的谓语形式，因此go要变为第三人称单数形式goes。
2. 固定搭配have a long history意为“有着悠久的历史”，因此填不定冠词a。
3. 时间状语In the year AD 605是明确的过去时间，谓语动词要使用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。
4. 空格后是形容词difficult，需要用副词修饰形容词，real的副词形式是really。
5. 数词million前有具体数字3.6修饰时，million需用单数形式，无需加s，因此填million。
6. 此处符合固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.（做某事花费某人多长时间），因此要填动词不定式to build。
7. 固定搭配between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指大运河成为连接中国南北的桥梁，因此填between。
8. 前半句说明大运河是古代中国修建的，后半句说明它至今仍在使用，前后语义为转折关系，因此填转折连词but。
9. 此处要表达“许多中国人的生活”，需用名词所有格修饰后面的名词life，people的所有格形式是people's。
10. 空格处修饰动词living，需要用副词形式，happy的副词是happily。
【答案】
1. goes 2. a 3. gave 4. really 5. million 6. to build 7. between 8. but 9. people's 10. happily
【知识点】
动词时态变形，固定短语搭配，词性转换规则
【点评】
本题选取中国世界文化遗产京杭大运河作为语篇载体，考点均为初中英语核心基础语法点，兼顾了语言知识考察和文化常识渗透，整体难度平缓，学生只要掌握基础的语法变形规则、熟记常见固定搭配即可顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
B
I am Amy. I live in China 1 my family. It is Saturday today. I don't go to school. My family are all at home. It's three o'clock in the afternoon. I am watching a tennis game 2 the computer with my brother Paul. Tennis is our favourite sport. My father David is drinking tea on the sofa and 3 (read) a book. It's really 4 (relax) for him. Listen! My sister Lisa is playing the piano. She is good at it. Music is her favourite subject, and she wants 5 (be) a music teacher one day. Where is my mother? She 6 (cut) fruit. She loves fruit salad and always 7 (make) it for us.
Leo is my e-friend from France. China is seven hours ahead of(早于) France. What are Leo and his family doing now? Leo's parents are running in the park. They usually exercise to keep 8 (health). Leo is cleaning his room. It's one of his family 9 (rule). Leo has a pet. It's a white cat. It's very lazy and it always sleeps for over ten hours 10 day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
I am Amy. I live in China 1 my family. It is Saturday today. I don't go to school. My family are all at home. It's three o'clock in the afternoon. I am watching a tennis game 2 the computer with my brother Paul. Tennis is our favourite sport. My father David is drinking tea on the sofa and 3 (read) a book. It's really 4 (relax) for him. Listen! My sister Lisa is playing the piano. She is good at it. Music is her favourite subject, and she wants 5 (be) a music teacher one day. Where is my mother? She 6 (cut) fruit. She loves fruit salad and always 7 (make) it for us.
Leo is my e-friend from France. China is seven hours ahead of(早于) France. What are Leo and his family doing now? Leo's parents are running in the park. They usually exercise to keep 8 (health). Leo is cleaning his room. It's one of his family 9 (rule). Leo has a pet. It's a white cat. It's very lazy and it always sleeps for over ten hours 10 day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1. with 2. on 3. reading 4. relaxing 5. to be
6. is cutting 7. makes 8. healthy 9. rules 10. a
6. is cutting 7. makes 8. healthy 9. rules 10. a
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇英语短文语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，把握整体叙事背景：文章主要用现在进行时描述周六下午Amy一家人的活动，同时还介绍了她的法国网友Leo的相关日常。接下来逐个结合语境、固定搭配、时态规则、词性变换的要求推导每个空的答案：首先判断介词类空格的搭配逻辑，再判断谓语动词的时态和形式，之后完成词性转换类空格的变形，最后结合固定表达补全剩余空格即可。
【解析】
1. 句意：我和我的家人住在中国。此处需要表达“和……一起”的伴随含义，用介词with。
2. 句意：我正和弟弟Paul在电脑上看网球比赛。固定搭配on the computer表示“在电脑上”，填介词on。
3. 句意：我的爸爸David正在沙发上喝茶、看书。and连接现在进行时的并列谓语，前面已经出现be动词is，并列的动词要和drinking形式保持一致，因此read变为现在分词reading。
4. 句意：这对他来说真的很放松。此处修饰“喝茶看书”这件事，修饰事物要用以-ing结尾的形容词，relax的形容词形式relaxing表示“令人放松的”，符合要求。
5. 句意：她将来想要成为一名音乐老师。固定搭配want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，因此填to be。
6. 句意：她正在切水果。前文询问妈妈当下正在做什么，要用现在进行时结构be+doing，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词用is，cut的现在分词为cutting，组合得is cutting。
7. 句意：她喜欢水果沙拉，总是给我们做沙拉。and连接一般现在时的并列谓语，主语she是第三人称单数，动词make要变为第三人称单数形式makes。
8. 句意：他们通常锻炼来保持健康。固定搭配keep healthy表示“保持健康”，keep后接形容词作表语，名词health要变为形容词healthy。
9. 句意：这是他家的家规之一。固定结构one of + 可数名词复数表示“……之一”，因此rule要变为复数形式rules。
10. 句意：它非常懒，一天总是睡超过十小时。固定表达a day表示“一天”，填冠词a。
【答案】
1. with 2. on 3. reading 4. relaxing 5. to be
6. is cutting 7. makes 8. healthy 9. rules 10. a
【知识点】
介词搭配，词性转换，时态应用
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空，核心考察现在进行时的场景应用，同时覆盖了初中低年级常见的固定短语、并列谓语规则、one of的固定结构等考点，只要学生能准确区分一般现在时和现在进行时的使用场景，牢记课内基础搭配，就可以顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇英语短文语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，把握整体叙事背景：文章主要用现在进行时描述周六下午Amy一家人的活动，同时还介绍了她的法国网友Leo的相关日常。接下来逐个结合语境、固定搭配、时态规则、词性变换的要求推导每个空的答案：首先判断介词类空格的搭配逻辑，再判断谓语动词的时态和形式，之后完成词性转换类空格的变形，最后结合固定表达补全剩余空格即可。
【解析】
1. 句意：我和我的家人住在中国。此处需要表达“和……一起”的伴随含义，用介词with。
2. 句意：我正和弟弟Paul在电脑上看网球比赛。固定搭配on the computer表示“在电脑上”，填介词on。
3. 句意：我的爸爸David正在沙发上喝茶、看书。and连接现在进行时的并列谓语，前面已经出现be动词is，并列的动词要和drinking形式保持一致，因此read变为现在分词reading。
4. 句意：这对他来说真的很放松。此处修饰“喝茶看书”这件事，修饰事物要用以-ing结尾的形容词，relax的形容词形式relaxing表示“令人放松的”，符合要求。
5. 句意：她将来想要成为一名音乐老师。固定搭配want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，因此填to be。
6. 句意：她正在切水果。前文询问妈妈当下正在做什么，要用现在进行时结构be+doing，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词用is，cut的现在分词为cutting，组合得is cutting。
7. 句意：她喜欢水果沙拉，总是给我们做沙拉。and连接一般现在时的并列谓语，主语she是第三人称单数，动词make要变为第三人称单数形式makes。
8. 句意：他们通常锻炼来保持健康。固定搭配keep healthy表示“保持健康”，keep后接形容词作表语，名词health要变为形容词healthy。
9. 句意：这是他家的家规之一。固定结构one of + 可数名词复数表示“……之一”，因此rule要变为复数形式rules。
10. 句意：它非常懒，一天总是睡超过十小时。固定表达a day表示“一天”，填冠词a。
【答案】
1. with 2. on 3. reading 4. relaxing 5. to be
6. is cutting 7. makes 8. healthy 9. rules 10. a
【知识点】
介词搭配，词性转换，时态应用
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空，核心考察现在进行时的场景应用，同时覆盖了初中低年级常见的固定短语、并列谓语规则、one of的固定结构等考点，只要学生能准确区分一般现在时和现在进行时的使用场景，牢记课内基础搭配，就可以顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
C(2025·江苏南京秦淮区期末)
Dogs are cute as well as hamsters. As humans' best friends, dogs are more than pets. They play an important role in everyday life.
Dogs have a close relationship with people for thousands of years. They were one of the 1 (one) animals to help people with tasks. Today, most dogs are pets. But there 2 (be) still important jobs for them to do.
Truffle(松露) dogs
In Italy, people use dogs 3 (search) for truffles. Truffles look 4 underground mushrooms. Pigs can find truffles, but they often eat them. Dogs find truffles too, but they leave 5 (they) alone.
Service dogs
Some dogs can help people with health 6 (problem). They do simple tasks for people who need help. Service dogs often wear special clothes. 7 you see one of these dogs, do not touch it. It is working hard!
Fire dogs
Dalmatians(斑点狗) are famous for 8 (work) at fire stations. In the past, they emptied 9 way for firemen and also kept their eyes on fire-fighting tools. Some stations still keep them.
Herding(放牧) dogs
For thousands of years, dogs helped people with herding. They keep farm animals together and guide them to the right place 10 (safe). Dogs can herd all kinds of animals, from sheep to cows.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Dogs are cute as well as hamsters. As humans' best friends, dogs are more than pets. They play an important role in everyday life.
Dogs have a close relationship with people for thousands of years. They were one of the 1 (one) animals to help people with tasks. Today, most dogs are pets. But there 2 (be) still important jobs for them to do.
Truffle(松露) dogs
In Italy, people use dogs 3 (search) for truffles. Truffles look 4 underground mushrooms. Pigs can find truffles, but they often eat them. Dogs find truffles too, but they leave 5 (they) alone.
Service dogs
Some dogs can help people with health 6 (problem). They do simple tasks for people who need help. Service dogs often wear special clothes. 7 you see one of these dogs, do not touch it. It is working hard!
Fire dogs
Dalmatians(斑点狗) are famous for 8 (work) at fire stations. In the past, they emptied 9 way for firemen and also kept their eyes on fire-fighting tools. Some stations still keep them.
Herding(放牧) dogs
For thousands of years, dogs helped people with herding. They keep farm animals together and guide them to the right place 10 (safe). Dogs can herd all kinds of animals, from sheep to cows.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1. first 2. are 3. to search 4. like 5. them 6. problems
7. When/If 8. working 9. the 10. safely
7. When/If 8. working 9. the 10. safely
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇语境类语法填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍狗狗除作为宠物之外承担的各类重要工作，整体以一般现在时为主，部分涉及过去的内容用一般过去时。第二步逐个分析空格：
1. 遇到one of the的结构，要对应“one of + the + 序数词+可数名词复数”的固定规则，把基数词one转换为序数词；
2. 遇到there be句型，看后面的主语是单数还是复数，结合主时态判断be动词形式；
3. 遇到提示词是动词的情况，先判断是否符合use sth to do的固定搭配，确定非谓语形式；
4. 看到look后面接名词，联想固定短语look like表示“看起来像”，填入对应介词；
5. 动词后面接人称代词时，要使用宾格形式作宾语；
6. 可数名词problem表示泛指多个健康问题时，要变为复数形式；
7. 前后两个完整句子，逻辑上可以是时间状语也可以是条件状语，对应填入合适的引导词；
8. 介词for后面接动词，必须变为动名词形式；
9. 特指某条道路的固定搭配中，要填入定冠词the；
10. 修饰动词时，要把形容词转换为对应的副词形式。
【解析】
1. 考查序数词。结构one of the + 序数词+名词复数表示“最早的…之一”，符合句意“它们是最早帮助人类完成任务的动物之一”，故填first。
2. 考查there be句型主谓一致。后面的主语important jobs是可数名词复数，全文主时态为一般现在时，故be动词用are。
3. 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配use sb./sth. to do sth. 意为“用…做某事”，此处表示人们用狗狗搜寻松露，故填to search。
4. 考查介词。固定短语look like意为“看起来像”，符合句意“松露看起来像地下蘑菇”，故填like。
5. 考查人称代词宾格。动词leave后要接人称代词宾格作宾语，指代前文提到的松露，主格they转换为宾格them。
6. 考查名词复数。problem是可数名词，此处泛指各类健康问题，要用复数形式health problems，故填problems。
7. 考查状语从句引导词。既可以引导时间状语从句表“当…的时候”，也可以引导条件状语从句表“如果”，符合句意“当/如果你看到这类工作犬，不要碰它”，故填When/If。
8. 考查动名词。介词for后面接动词时，动词要变为动名词形式，故work变为working。
9. 考查定冠词。固定搭配empty the way意为“清出道路、让路”，特指给消防员留出的通行通道，故填the。
10. 考查副词。此处修饰动词guide，要用副词形式作状语，形容词safe转换为副词safely，意为“安全地”，故填safely。
【答案】
1. first 2. are 3. to search 4. like 5. them 6. problems 7. When/If 8. working 9. the 10. safely
【知识点】
词形转换；固定搭配；连词用法
【点评】
本题以介绍不同功能的工作犬为趣味语境，覆盖了初中英语语法填空的绝大多数高频考点，难度梯度平缓，既考察学生对基础语法规则的掌握，也要求学生结合上下文语义判断空格内容，能够有效检测学生的词形变换、固定短语积累和语境理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇语境类语法填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍狗狗除作为宠物之外承担的各类重要工作，整体以一般现在时为主，部分涉及过去的内容用一般过去时。第二步逐个分析空格：
1. 遇到one of the的结构，要对应“one of + the + 序数词+可数名词复数”的固定规则，把基数词one转换为序数词；
2. 遇到there be句型，看后面的主语是单数还是复数，结合主时态判断be动词形式；
3. 遇到提示词是动词的情况，先判断是否符合use sth to do的固定搭配，确定非谓语形式；
4. 看到look后面接名词，联想固定短语look like表示“看起来像”，填入对应介词；
5. 动词后面接人称代词时，要使用宾格形式作宾语；
6. 可数名词problem表示泛指多个健康问题时，要变为复数形式；
7. 前后两个完整句子，逻辑上可以是时间状语也可以是条件状语，对应填入合适的引导词；
8. 介词for后面接动词，必须变为动名词形式；
9. 特指某条道路的固定搭配中，要填入定冠词the；
10. 修饰动词时，要把形容词转换为对应的副词形式。
【解析】
1. 考查序数词。结构one of the + 序数词+名词复数表示“最早的…之一”，符合句意“它们是最早帮助人类完成任务的动物之一”，故填first。
2. 考查there be句型主谓一致。后面的主语important jobs是可数名词复数，全文主时态为一般现在时，故be动词用are。
3. 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配use sb./sth. to do sth. 意为“用…做某事”，此处表示人们用狗狗搜寻松露，故填to search。
4. 考查介词。固定短语look like意为“看起来像”，符合句意“松露看起来像地下蘑菇”，故填like。
5. 考查人称代词宾格。动词leave后要接人称代词宾格作宾语，指代前文提到的松露，主格they转换为宾格them。
6. 考查名词复数。problem是可数名词，此处泛指各类健康问题，要用复数形式health problems，故填problems。
7. 考查状语从句引导词。既可以引导时间状语从句表“当…的时候”，也可以引导条件状语从句表“如果”，符合句意“当/如果你看到这类工作犬，不要碰它”，故填When/If。
8. 考查动名词。介词for后面接动词时，动词要变为动名词形式，故work变为working。
9. 考查定冠词。固定搭配empty the way意为“清出道路、让路”，特指给消防员留出的通行通道，故填the。
10. 考查副词。此处修饰动词guide，要用副词形式作状语，形容词safe转换为副词safely，意为“安全地”，故填safely。
【答案】
1. first 2. are 3. to search 4. like 5. them 6. problems 7. When/If 8. working 9. the 10. safely
【知识点】
词形转换；固定搭配；连词用法
【点评】
本题以介绍不同功能的工作犬为趣味语境，覆盖了初中英语语法填空的绝大多数高频考点，难度梯度平缓，既考察学生对基础语法规则的掌握，也要求学生结合上下文语义判断空格内容，能够有效检测学生的词形变换、固定短语积累和语境理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7