C(2025·江苏宿迁宿城区期末)
I was now in my twenty-seventh year on the island. One evening, Friday went out to look for food. But soon he was back, and he looked very afraid.
"Master! Master!" he cried. "There's a great ship near the island, and men are coming to the shore in a boat!"
I jumped up and ran with him down to the shore. I saw that it was an English ship! But why was it here? English ships never came this way. Perhaps they were pirates(海盗)! "Don't let them see you, Friday!" I called. "We'll hide in the trees and watch."
There were eleven men in the boat, but three of them were prisoners(囚犯). Their arms were tied with rope, but their legs were free and they could walk. The other sailors pushed the three prisoners up the beach, laughing and shouting and hitting them. The three prisoners walked slowly along the beach and sat down under a tree, not far from us. They looked very unhappy.
Very quietly, I came up behind them through the trees, and called out to them in English.
"Don't be afraid," I said. "I'm an Englishman. Perhaps I can help you."
The three men turned and looked at me. They did not answer at once. They were too surprised.
Perhaps they thought I was a wild man myself, in my strange clothes made of animals' skins, and with my long hair and beard.
Then the oldest man spoke, "I am the captain of that ship, and these two men are my first and second officers. Last night, there was a mutiny(叛乱), and the seamen took the ship from me. Now they're going to leave the three of us here, to die on this island."
"Do these mutineers(反叛者) have guns?"
"Only two," he answered. "And they've left those on the boat."
"All right," I said. "We'll fight them. But if we get your ship back for you, you must take me back to England."
Friday ran back to my house to get all the guns, and the captain and I made a plan.
—Adapted from *Robinson Crusoe*
(
A. Relaxed.
B. Excited.
C. Angry.
D. Afraid.
(
a. The three prisoners sat under a tree on the beach.
b. Robinson and Friday saw a ship coming to their island.
c. Robinson managed to talk with the three prisoners.
d. The mutineers took the ship from the three prisoners.
A. b-a-c-d
B. b-c-a-d
C. d-b-a-c
D. d-a-b-c
(
A. They had expected to meet someone on the island.
B. They believed the writer was helpful at once.
C. They were too shocked to believe what they heard and saw.
D. They thought the writer was one of the mutineers in disguise.
(
A. Because he was caught by the mutineers.
B. Because the ship was taken by the mutineers.
C. Because a mutiny happened on the ship.
D. Because maybe it was a chance for him to leave the island.
I was now in my twenty-seventh year on the island. One evening, Friday went out to look for food. But soon he was back, and he looked very afraid.
"Master! Master!" he cried. "There's a great ship near the island, and men are coming to the shore in a boat!"
I jumped up and ran with him down to the shore. I saw that it was an English ship! But why was it here? English ships never came this way. Perhaps they were pirates(海盗)! "Don't let them see you, Friday!" I called. "We'll hide in the trees and watch."
There were eleven men in the boat, but three of them were prisoners(囚犯). Their arms were tied with rope, but their legs were free and they could walk. The other sailors pushed the three prisoners up the beach, laughing and shouting and hitting them. The three prisoners walked slowly along the beach and sat down under a tree, not far from us. They looked very unhappy.
Very quietly, I came up behind them through the trees, and called out to them in English.
"Don't be afraid," I said. "I'm an Englishman. Perhaps I can help you."
The three men turned and looked at me. They did not answer at once. They were too surprised.
Perhaps they thought I was a wild man myself, in my strange clothes made of animals' skins, and with my long hair and beard.
Then the oldest man spoke, "I am the captain of that ship, and these two men are my first and second officers. Last night, there was a mutiny(叛乱), and the seamen took the ship from me. Now they're going to leave the three of us here, to die on this island."
"Do these mutineers(反叛者) have guns?"
"Only two," he answered. "And they've left those on the boat."
"All right," I said. "We'll fight them. But if we get your ship back for you, you must take me back to England."
Friday ran back to my house to get all the guns, and the captain and I made a plan.
—Adapted from *Robinson Crusoe*
(
D
)8. How did Friday feel when he saw an English ship coming towards the island?A. Relaxed.
B. Excited.
C. Angry.
D. Afraid.
(
C
)9. What is the correct order of the following events?a. The three prisoners sat under a tree on the beach.
b. Robinson and Friday saw a ship coming to their island.
c. Robinson managed to talk with the three prisoners.
d. The mutineers took the ship from the three prisoners.
A. b-a-c-d
B. b-c-a-d
C. d-b-a-c
D. d-a-b-c
(
C
)10. What can we learn from the prisoners' reaction to the writer's words?A. They had expected to meet someone on the island.
B. They believed the writer was helpful at once.
C. They were too shocked to believe what they heard and saw.
D. They thought the writer was one of the mutineers in disguise.
(
D
)11. Why did the writer help the captain?A. Because he was caught by the mutineers.
B. Because the ship was taken by the mutineers.
C. Because a mutiny happened on the ship.
D. Because maybe it was a chance for him to leave the island.
答案：8.D 【点拨】根据第一段中“But soon he was back, and he looked very afraid.”可知，星期五看到这艘船时感到害怕。故选D。
9.C 【点拨】根据全文内容可知，事情发生的正确顺序是d-b-a-c。故选C。
10.C 【点拨】根据第七段中“They did not answer at once. They were too surprised.”以及第八段对作者衣着和外貌的描述可知，囚犯们看到像“野人”一样的作者突然出现并说能帮助他们时，是极度震惊的，他们一时无法相信作者这个人和他所说的话。故选C。
11.D 【点拨】根据倒数第二段中“But if we get your ship back for you, you must take me back to England.”可知，作者帮助船长是为了有机会离开这个小岛。故选D。
9.C 【点拨】根据全文内容可知，事情发生的正确顺序是d-b-a-c。故选C。
10.C 【点拨】根据第七段中“They did not answer at once. They were too surprised.”以及第八段对作者衣着和外貌的描述可知，囚犯们看到像“野人”一样的作者突然出现并说能帮助他们时，是极度震惊的，他们一时无法相信作者这个人和他所说的话。故选C。
11.D 【点拨】根据倒数第二段中“But if we get your ship back for you, you must take me back to England.”可知，作者帮助船长是为了有机会离开这个小岛。故选D。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇选取自《鲁滨逊漂流记》节选的阅读理解题，解题时可按照先读题干、再回文定位的思路推进：1. 第8题直接定位描述Friday情绪的原文语句即可快速得出答案；2. 第9题属于事件排序题，需要逐个找到四个事件在原文中出现的先后时间点，梳理出正确的先后逻辑；3. 第10题定位囚犯听到作者话语后的反应相关描述，结合上下文排除不符合原文的选项即可；4. 第11题定位作者和船长约定的相关内容，就能明确作者帮助船长的核心动机。
【解析】
8. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"But soon he was back, and he looked very afraid."，明确Friday看到驶向岛屿的大船后返回时神情十分害怕，对应选项D，排除A放松、B兴奋、C生气三个错误选项。
9. 事件排序题：梳理全文事件先后顺序：①首先船上发生叛乱，反叛者夺走了船长的船（对应事件d，出自船长的自述"Last night, there was a mutiny, and the seamen took the ship from me"）；②之后Friday跑回报信，鲁滨逊和Friday看到有船驶向小岛（对应事件b）；③随后三名囚犯被反叛者押到海滩，坐在了树下（对应事件a）；④最后鲁滨逊悄悄穿过树丛走到三名囚犯身后和他们搭话（对应事件c）。因此正确顺序为d-b-a-c，对应选项C。
10. 推理判断题：根据原文第七段"The three men turned and looked at me. They did not answer at once. They were too surprised."，结合后文描述作者穿着兽皮缝制的怪异衣服、留着长发长胡子，看起来像野人，可知三名囚犯太过震惊，完全不敢相信自己会在荒岛上遇到自称英国人的陌生人、还说可以帮助他们，对应选项C。A选项“他们早就预期岛上会遇到人”原文无依据，B选项“他们立刻就相信作者能帮忙”和原文“没有立刻回答”矛盾，D选项“他们以为作者是伪装的反叛者”原文没有相关表述，均排除。
11. 细节理解题：根据原文倒数第二段鲁滨逊提出的条件"But if we get your ship back for you, you must take me back to England."，可知作者帮助船长的核心原因是这是他获得返回英国、离开孤岛的机会，对应选项D。A选项“作者被反叛者抓住”不符合原文内容，B选项“船被反叛者夺走”、C选项“船上发生叛乱”都是事件背景，不是作者主动帮助船长的动机，均排除。
【答案】
8.D 9.C 10.C 11.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，事件逻辑排序，文本推理判断
【点评】
本题选取经典外国文学名著《鲁滨逊漂流记》的片段作为阅读素材，贴合初中英语名著拓展阅读的课标要求，考点设置以基础细节定位为主，搭配少量逻辑推理题，难度梯度平缓，能够有效考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息、梳理事件先后脉络的阅读理解能力，同时能引导学生对经典外文文学作品产生兴趣。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇选取自《鲁滨逊漂流记》节选的阅读理解题，解题时可按照先读题干、再回文定位的思路推进：1. 第8题直接定位描述Friday情绪的原文语句即可快速得出答案；2. 第9题属于事件排序题，需要逐个找到四个事件在原文中出现的先后时间点，梳理出正确的先后逻辑；3. 第10题定位囚犯听到作者话语后的反应相关描述，结合上下文排除不符合原文的选项即可；4. 第11题定位作者和船长约定的相关内容，就能明确作者帮助船长的核心动机。
【解析】
8. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"But soon he was back, and he looked very afraid."，明确Friday看到驶向岛屿的大船后返回时神情十分害怕，对应选项D，排除A放松、B兴奋、C生气三个错误选项。
9. 事件排序题：梳理全文事件先后顺序：①首先船上发生叛乱，反叛者夺走了船长的船（对应事件d，出自船长的自述"Last night, there was a mutiny, and the seamen took the ship from me"）；②之后Friday跑回报信，鲁滨逊和Friday看到有船驶向小岛（对应事件b）；③随后三名囚犯被反叛者押到海滩，坐在了树下（对应事件a）；④最后鲁滨逊悄悄穿过树丛走到三名囚犯身后和他们搭话（对应事件c）。因此正确顺序为d-b-a-c，对应选项C。
10. 推理判断题：根据原文第七段"The three men turned and looked at me. They did not answer at once. They were too surprised."，结合后文描述作者穿着兽皮缝制的怪异衣服、留着长发长胡子，看起来像野人，可知三名囚犯太过震惊，完全不敢相信自己会在荒岛上遇到自称英国人的陌生人、还说可以帮助他们，对应选项C。A选项“他们早就预期岛上会遇到人”原文无依据，B选项“他们立刻就相信作者能帮忙”和原文“没有立刻回答”矛盾，D选项“他们以为作者是伪装的反叛者”原文没有相关表述，均排除。
11. 细节理解题：根据原文倒数第二段鲁滨逊提出的条件"But if we get your ship back for you, you must take me back to England."，可知作者帮助船长的核心原因是这是他获得返回英国、离开孤岛的机会，对应选项D。A选项“作者被反叛者抓住”不符合原文内容，B选项“船被反叛者夺走”、C选项“船上发生叛乱”都是事件背景，不是作者主动帮助船长的动机，均排除。
【答案】
8.D 9.C 10.C 11.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，事件逻辑排序，文本推理判断
【点评】
本题选取经典外国文学名著《鲁滨逊漂流记》的片段作为阅读素材，贴合初中英语名著拓展阅读的课标要求，考点设置以基础细节定位为主，搭配少量逻辑推理题，难度梯度平缓，能够有效考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息、梳理事件先后脉络的阅读理解能力，同时能引导学生对经典外文文学作品产生兴趣。
【难度系数】
0.8