四、综合填空
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy 1. ___ (look) after and protected by the poor. He moved between different families and lived 2. ___ difficult life. But people's kindness influenced him 3. ___ (great) at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later with the help of the Communist Party of China(中国共产党)，he went to study in Yan'an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he 4. ___(complete)his studies, he got an excellent grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, "Are you willing to change your research field?" "Of course, as long as(只要)the motherland has a need!"
With the strong belief(信念)，Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power(核能)at once. In the early 1960s，China's 5. ___(develop)of nuclear submarines(核潜艇)was almost a "blank". Peng Shilu and other scientists kept working on it. In 1970，China's first nuclear submarine 6. ___(build). In 1974，China became the 7. ___(five)country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life 8._______(study) nuclear power. "I have aimed 9.___(do) two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations," said Peng Shilu.
Peng died on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered 10. ___ the people and the country.
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy 1. ___ (look) after and protected by the poor. He moved between different families and lived 2. ___ difficult life. But people's kindness influenced him 3. ___ (great) at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later with the help of the Communist Party of China(中国共产党)，he went to study in Yan'an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he 4. ___(complete)his studies, he got an excellent grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, "Are you willing to change your research field?" "Of course, as long as(只要)the motherland has a need!"
With the strong belief(信念)，Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power(核能)at once. In the early 1960s，China's 5. ___(develop)of nuclear submarines(核潜艇)was almost a "blank". Peng Shilu and other scientists kept working on it. In 1970，China's first nuclear submarine 6. ___(build). In 1974，China became the 7. ___(five)country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life 8._______(study) nuclear power. "I have aimed 9.___(do) two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations," said Peng Shilu.
Peng died on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered 10. ___ the people and the country.
答案：四、1. was looked 2. a 3. greatly 4. completed 5. development
6. was built 7. fifth 8. studying 9. to do 10. by
6. was built 7. fifth 8. studying 9. to do 10. by
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍彭士禄院士生平的记叙文，解题时需结合语境、语法规则和固定搭配逐一确定答案：
1. 第1空：主语“The young boy”和“look after”是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语为单数，故填was looked。
2. 第2空：考查固定搭配“live a difficult life”，表示“过着艰难的生活”，需填不定冠词a。
3. 第3空：修饰动词“influenced”要用副词，great的副词形式是greatly。
4. 第4空：when引导的时间状语从句描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，complete的过去式是completed。
5. 第5空：China's是名词所有格，后面需接名词，develop的名词形式是development。
6. 第6空：主语“China's first nuclear submarine”和“build”是被动关系，事件发生在1970年，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填was built。
7. 第7空：表示“第五个国家”要用序数词，five的序数词是fifth。
8. 第8空：考查固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth”，表示“花费时间做某事”，故填studying。
9. 第9空：考查固定搭配“aim to do sth”，表示“旨在做某事；目标是做某事”，故填to do。
10. 第10空：考查被动语态用法，“be remembered by...”表示“被……记住”，故填by。
【解析】
1. 第1空：主语the young boy与look after为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，故填was looked。
2. 第2空：固定短语live a difficult life，故填a。
3. 第3空：修饰动词influenced需用副词，great的副词形式为greatly，故填greatly。
4. 第4空：描述过去完成学业的动作，用一般过去时，complete的过去式为completed，故填completed。
5. 第5空：China's后接名词，develop的名词形式是development，故填development。
6. 第6空：主语nuclear submarine与build为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，故填was built。
7. 第7空：表示“第五个”用序数词fifth，故填fifth。
8. 第8空：固定搭配spend...(in) doing sth，故填studying。
9. 第9空：固定搭配aim to do sth，故填to do。
10. 第10空：被动语态中by引出动作执行者，故填by。
【答案】
1. was looked 2. a 3. greatly 4. completed 5. development
6. was built 7. fifth 8. studying 9. to do 10. by
【知识点】
1. 被动语态用法
2. 固定短语搭配
3. 词性转换
【点评】
本题以彭士禄院士的生平为载体，考查了被动语态、固定搭配、词性转换等核心英语语法知识点，既考查语言运用能力，又传递正能量。解题时需结合语境判断时态、语态，熟练掌握固定短语和词性变化规则是得分关键。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍彭士禄院士生平的记叙文，解题时需结合语境、语法规则和固定搭配逐一确定答案：
1. 第1空：主语“The young boy”和“look after”是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语为单数，故填was looked。
2. 第2空：考查固定搭配“live a difficult life”，表示“过着艰难的生活”，需填不定冠词a。
3. 第3空：修饰动词“influenced”要用副词，great的副词形式是greatly。
4. 第4空：when引导的时间状语从句描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，complete的过去式是completed。
5. 第5空：China's是名词所有格，后面需接名词，develop的名词形式是development。
6. 第6空：主语“China's first nuclear submarine”和“build”是被动关系，事件发生在1970年，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填was built。
7. 第7空：表示“第五个国家”要用序数词，five的序数词是fifth。
8. 第8空：考查固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth”，表示“花费时间做某事”，故填studying。
9. 第9空：考查固定搭配“aim to do sth”，表示“旨在做某事；目标是做某事”，故填to do。
10. 第10空：考查被动语态用法，“be remembered by...”表示“被……记住”，故填by。
【解析】
1. 第1空：主语the young boy与look after为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，故填was looked。
2. 第2空：固定短语live a difficult life，故填a。
3. 第3空：修饰动词influenced需用副词，great的副词形式为greatly，故填greatly。
4. 第4空：描述过去完成学业的动作，用一般过去时，complete的过去式为completed，故填completed。
5. 第5空：China's后接名词，develop的名词形式是development，故填development。
6. 第6空：主语nuclear submarine与build为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，故填was built。
7. 第7空：表示“第五个”用序数词fifth，故填fifth。
8. 第8空：固定搭配spend...(in) doing sth，故填studying。
9. 第9空：固定搭配aim to do sth，故填to do。
10. 第10空：被动语态中by引出动作执行者，故填by。
【答案】
1. was looked 2. a 3. greatly 4. completed 5. development
6. was built 7. fifth 8. studying 9. to do 10. by
【知识点】
1. 被动语态用法
2. 固定短语搭配
3. 词性转换
【点评】
本题以彭士禄院士的生平为载体，考查了被动语态、固定搭配、词性转换等核心英语语法知识点，既考查语言运用能力，又传递正能量。解题时需结合语境判断时态、语态，熟练掌握固定短语和词性变化规则是得分关键。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、完形填空
My dad works for an aid(救助)organization. He and his workmates give 1 aid to the hungry people in poor areas. Last weekend, I joined him in his daily work. I was there simply to 2 leaflets. The job was 3 and I wasn't having fun.
Then I saw a girl doing the same work as I did, but she was smiling all the time. She walked to people and asked them 4 they needed help, instead of waiting for people to find her. Just then, a toothless man came over, head down and shoulders bowed. His clothes were old, dirty and broken. I saw the girl talking 5 to the man, "Morning, sir! Is there anything I can help with?" SIR? SIR! She spoke to the old man like he was 6. Was I hearing her correctly? Why would she treat a poor man from the street 7 a captain(上校) in the army?
She showed love. She cared about the old man and wanted him to feel loved. And she showed respect. When she called him "Sir", he raised his head and I saw the surprised look on his face.
After seeing what she did, I knew I could do my job 8. A little boy walked over to me and I smiled at him, asking if he'd like some food with the same respect the girl showed. It gave me the 9 that can only be felt when you do something right.
Taking time to show care and love has 10 me a lot. Holding the key, I open every room to let the sunshine flow in.
( ) 1. A. food B. safety C. medical D. education
( ) 2. A. push for B. look through C. give up D. hand out
( ) 3. A. boring B. exciting C. relaxing D. surprising
( ) 4. A. why B. whether C. how D. when
( ) 5. A. proudly B. seriously C. politely D. carelessly
( ) 6. A. funny B. lonely C. interesting D. important
( ) 7. A. as B. for C. with D. about
( ) 8. A. louder B. better C. sooner D. quicker
( ) 9. A. confidence B. surprise C. courage D. joy
( )10. A. achieved B. influenced C. held D. treated
Exercise 5 of Unit 7 of 8B Integration ( I )
My dad works for an aid(救助)organization. He and his workmates give 1 aid to the hungry people in poor areas. Last weekend, I joined him in his daily work. I was there simply to 2 leaflets. The job was 3 and I wasn't having fun.
Then I saw a girl doing the same work as I did, but she was smiling all the time. She walked to people and asked them 4 they needed help, instead of waiting for people to find her. Just then, a toothless man came over, head down and shoulders bowed. His clothes were old, dirty and broken. I saw the girl talking 5 to the man, "Morning, sir! Is there anything I can help with?" SIR? SIR! She spoke to the old man like he was 6. Was I hearing her correctly? Why would she treat a poor man from the street 7 a captain(上校) in the army?
She showed love. She cared about the old man and wanted him to feel loved. And she showed respect. When she called him "Sir", he raised his head and I saw the surprised look on his face.
After seeing what she did, I knew I could do my job 8. A little boy walked over to me and I smiled at him, asking if he'd like some food with the same respect the girl showed. It gave me the 9 that can only be felt when you do something right.
Taking time to show care and love has 10 me a lot. Holding the key, I open every room to let the sunshine flow in.
( ) 1. A. food B. safety C. medical D. education
( ) 2. A. push for B. look through C. give up D. hand out
( ) 3. A. boring B. exciting C. relaxing D. surprising
( ) 4. A. why B. whether C. how D. when
( ) 5. A. proudly B. seriously C. politely D. carelessly
( ) 6. A. funny B. lonely C. interesting D. important
( ) 7. A. as B. for C. with D. about
( ) 8. A. louder B. better C. sooner D. quicker
( ) 9. A. confidence B. surprise C. courage D. joy
( )10. A. achieved B. influenced C. held D. treated
Exercise 5 of Unit 7 of 8B Integration ( I )
答案：五、1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题：根据后文“the hungry people in poor areas”（贫困地区饥饿的人们），饥饿的人群最需要的是食物救助，因此要选择对应“食物”的选项。
2. 第2题：leaflets意为“传单”，结合语境作者是协助父亲的救助工作，工作内容应为分发传单，需选表示“分发”的短语。
3. 第3题：根据后文“I wasn't having fun”（我觉得没意思），说明这份工作是无趣的，应选择对应“无聊”的形容词。
4. 第4题：女孩主动走向人群，目的是询问他们是否需要帮助，此处需要表示“是否”的连词来引导宾语从句。
5. 第5题：从女孩对老人说的“Morning, sir! Is there anything I can help with?”以及称呼老人为“Sir”的细节，能看出她说话很有礼貌，要选表示“礼貌地”的副词。
6. 第6题：女孩称呼贫困老人为“Sir”，这种称呼方式是把老人当作重要的人对待，因此选表示“重要的”形容词。
7. 第7题：此处考查固定搭配“treat...as...”，意为“把……当作……”，符合文中“把街上的穷人当作军队上校”的语境。
8. 第8题：看到女孩的暖心做法后，作者意识到自己可以改进工作方式，把工作做得更好，需选表示“更好地”的副词比较级。
9. 第9题：作者效仿女孩的方式对待小男孩，做了正确的事，这种行为带来的是内心的愉悦感，应选表示“快乐”的名词。
10. 第10题：花时间向他人展示关爱这件事，对作者的思想和行为产生了很大影响，需选表示“影响”的动词。
【解析】
1. 第1空：A. food（食物）；B. safety（安全）；C. medical（医疗的）；D. education（教育）。结合“hungry people”的语境，饥饿人群需要食物救助，故选A。
2. 第2空：A. push for（努力争取）；B. look through（浏览）；C. give up（放弃）；D. hand out（分发）。leaflets是“传单”，语境为分发传单，故选D。
3. 第3空：A. boring（无聊的）；B. exciting（令人兴奋的）；C. relaxing（放松的）；D. surprising（令人惊讶的）。根据“I wasn't having fun”可知工作无趣，故选A。
4. 第4空：A. why（为什么）；B. whether（是否）；C. how（如何）；D. when（何时）。此处是询问人们是否需要帮助，whether符合语境，故选B。
5. 第5空：A. proudly（骄傲地）；B. seriously（严肃地）；C. politely（礼貌地）；D. carelessly（粗心地）。从女孩的话语和称呼细节能看出她礼貌地和老人交流，故选C。
6. 第6空：A. funny（滑稽的）；B. lonely（孤独的）；C. interesting（有趣的）；D. important（重要的）。女孩称呼老人为“Sir”，是将其当作重要的人对待，故选D。
7. 第7空：固定搭配“treat...as...”意为“把……当作……”，符合文中语境，故选A。
8. 第8空：A. louder（更大声地）；B. better（更好地）；C. sooner（更快地）；D. quicker（更快的）。作者受女孩启发，想把工作做得更好，故选B。
9. 第9空：A. confidence（自信）；B. surprise（惊讶）；C. courage（勇气）；D. joy（快乐）。做正确的事带来的是内心的快乐，故选D。
10. 第10空：A. achieved（实现）；B. influenced（影响）；C. held（握住）；D. treated（对待）。展示关爱这件事对作者影响深远，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
1. 语境理解
2. 固定短语搭配
3. 词义辨析
【点评】
这篇完形填空通过作者参与救助工作的经历，传递了关爱与尊重他人的重要性。解题时需紧密结合上下文语境，准确理解句意，同时熟练掌握固定搭配和词汇的词义辨析，才能做出正确选择。文章兼具教育意义，能引导学生学会尊重他人、传递善意。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：根据后文“the hungry people in poor areas”（贫困地区饥饿的人们），饥饿的人群最需要的是食物救助，因此要选择对应“食物”的选项。
2. 第2题：leaflets意为“传单”，结合语境作者是协助父亲的救助工作，工作内容应为分发传单，需选表示“分发”的短语。
3. 第3题：根据后文“I wasn't having fun”（我觉得没意思），说明这份工作是无趣的，应选择对应“无聊”的形容词。
4. 第4题：女孩主动走向人群，目的是询问他们是否需要帮助，此处需要表示“是否”的连词来引导宾语从句。
5. 第5题：从女孩对老人说的“Morning, sir! Is there anything I can help with?”以及称呼老人为“Sir”的细节，能看出她说话很有礼貌，要选表示“礼貌地”的副词。
6. 第6题：女孩称呼贫困老人为“Sir”，这种称呼方式是把老人当作重要的人对待，因此选表示“重要的”形容词。
7. 第7题：此处考查固定搭配“treat...as...”，意为“把……当作……”，符合文中“把街上的穷人当作军队上校”的语境。
8. 第8题：看到女孩的暖心做法后，作者意识到自己可以改进工作方式，把工作做得更好，需选表示“更好地”的副词比较级。
9. 第9题：作者效仿女孩的方式对待小男孩，做了正确的事，这种行为带来的是内心的愉悦感，应选表示“快乐”的名词。
10. 第10题：花时间向他人展示关爱这件事，对作者的思想和行为产生了很大影响，需选表示“影响”的动词。
【解析】
1. 第1空：A. food（食物）；B. safety（安全）；C. medical（医疗的）；D. education（教育）。结合“hungry people”的语境，饥饿人群需要食物救助，故选A。
2. 第2空：A. push for（努力争取）；B. look through（浏览）；C. give up（放弃）；D. hand out（分发）。leaflets是“传单”，语境为分发传单，故选D。
3. 第3空：A. boring（无聊的）；B. exciting（令人兴奋的）；C. relaxing（放松的）；D. surprising（令人惊讶的）。根据“I wasn't having fun”可知工作无趣，故选A。
4. 第4空：A. why（为什么）；B. whether（是否）；C. how（如何）；D. when（何时）。此处是询问人们是否需要帮助，whether符合语境，故选B。
5. 第5空：A. proudly（骄傲地）；B. seriously（严肃地）；C. politely（礼貌地）；D. carelessly（粗心地）。从女孩的话语和称呼细节能看出她礼貌地和老人交流，故选C。
6. 第6空：A. funny（滑稽的）；B. lonely（孤独的）；C. interesting（有趣的）；D. important（重要的）。女孩称呼老人为“Sir”，是将其当作重要的人对待，故选D。
7. 第7空：固定搭配“treat...as...”意为“把……当作……”，符合文中语境，故选A。
8. 第8空：A. louder（更大声地）；B. better（更好地）；C. sooner（更快地）；D. quicker（更快的）。作者受女孩启发，想把工作做得更好，故选B。
9. 第9空：A. confidence（自信）；B. surprise（惊讶）；C. courage（勇气）；D. joy（快乐）。做正确的事带来的是内心的快乐，故选D。
10. 第10空：A. achieved（实现）；B. influenced（影响）；C. held（握住）；D. treated（对待）。展示关爱这件事对作者影响深远，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
1. 语境理解
2. 固定短语搭配
3. 词义辨析
【点评】
这篇完形填空通过作者参与救助工作的经历，传递了关爱与尊重他人的重要性。解题时需紧密结合上下文语境，准确理解句意，同时熟练掌握固定搭配和词汇的词义辨析，才能做出正确选择。文章兼具教育意义，能引导学生学会尊重他人、传递善意。
【难度系数】
0.6