五、阅读理解
Manners are very important in our daily lives. There are many different customs(风俗) and habits among different countries. When we are abroad, we must follow the local customs. Here are examples of the things that a person with good manners does or does not do.
A person with good manners is always popular, while someone with bad manners usually fails to win others' respect. If you visit a Chinese family, you should knock at the door first. When the door opens, you shouldn't move before the host says "Come in, please." After you enter the room, you shouldn't sit down until the host asks you to take a seat. When a cup of tea is put on the tea table before you or sent to your hand, you should say "Thank you" and receive (接收) it with two hands, not one hand, or they will think you are ill-mannered. Before entering a house in Japan, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very dirty, this is not done. In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough. In England, a visitor always finishes the drink or the food to show that he has enjoyed it. The host will be pleased with that.
You have to give your present in public in the Middle East to show it is not a bribe (贿赂). But it's good manners to give your present in private in Asia. You mustn't give knives in Latin America because it suggests that you want to cut off the relationship. You mustn't give your food or drink to Arabians because it suggests that you think your host can't offer you enough to eat and drink.
“Come any time” means "I want you to visit me" in India. If you don't suggest a time at once, the Indians will think you are refusing the invitation. But if English people say "Come any time", they will think you are impolite if you start fixing(确定)a date.
( ) 1. It is important to learn that different countries have different manners so that ___.
A. we can eat and drink well
B. we can be taught some good examples
C. we won't be afraid of people in those countries
D. we can know how to behave when we go abroad
( ) 2. In a Malay house, a guest leaves a little food to show that ___.
A. he has enjoyed it B. he can't eat any more
C. he needs some drinks D. he doesn't like the food
( ) 3. What does the underlined phrase "in private" mean?
A. In a quiet place. B. During a meeting.
C. Alone with someone. D. With others around.
( ) 4. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A. It's good manners to give presents in public in China.
B. It's good manners to give knives in Latin America.
C. It's good manners to give some food to Arabians.
D. If English people say “Come any time”，it may be a lip
Exercise 3 of Unit 5 of 8B Reading (Ⅱ)
Manners are very important in our daily lives. There are many different customs(风俗) and habits among different countries. When we are abroad, we must follow the local customs. Here are examples of the things that a person with good manners does or does not do.
A person with good manners is always popular, while someone with bad manners usually fails to win others' respect. If you visit a Chinese family, you should knock at the door first. When the door opens, you shouldn't move before the host says "Come in, please." After you enter the room, you shouldn't sit down until the host asks you to take a seat. When a cup of tea is put on the tea table before you or sent to your hand, you should say "Thank you" and receive (接收) it with two hands, not one hand, or they will think you are ill-mannered. Before entering a house in Japan, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very dirty, this is not done. In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough. In England, a visitor always finishes the drink or the food to show that he has enjoyed it. The host will be pleased with that.
You have to give your present in public in the Middle East to show it is not a bribe (贿赂). But it's good manners to give your present in private in Asia. You mustn't give knives in Latin America because it suggests that you want to cut off the relationship. You mustn't give your food or drink to Arabians because it suggests that you think your host can't offer you enough to eat and drink.
“Come any time” means "I want you to visit me" in India. If you don't suggest a time at once, the Indians will think you are refusing the invitation. But if English people say "Come any time", they will think you are impolite if you start fixing(确定)a date.
( ) 1. It is important to learn that different countries have different manners so that ___.
A. we can eat and drink well
B. we can be taught some good examples
C. we won't be afraid of people in those countries
D. we can know how to behave when we go abroad
( ) 2. In a Malay house, a guest leaves a little food to show that ___.
A. he has enjoyed it B. he can't eat any more
C. he needs some drinks D. he doesn't like the food
( ) 3. What does the underlined phrase "in private" mean?
A. In a quiet place. B. During a meeting.
C. Alone with someone. D. With others around.
( ) 4. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A. It's good manners to give presents in public in China.
B. It's good manners to give knives in Latin America.
C. It's good manners to give some food to Arabians.
D. If English people say “Come any time”，it may be a lip
Exercise 3 of Unit 5 of 8B Reading (Ⅱ)
答案：1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题：首先定位文章第一段，文中明确提到“When we are abroad, we must follow the local customs.”，说明了解不同国家的礼仪核心目的是在国外时能知晓正确的行为方式，结合选项即可锁定答案。
2. 第2题：找到文中关于马来家庭的描述，第二段指出“In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough.”，“has had enough”对应“不能再吃了”，据此可得出答案。
3. 第3题：根据上下文语境，前文提到中东地区要公开送礼物，而亚洲地区是“in private”，与“in public（公开，有他人在场）”形成鲜明对比，可推断“in private”是私下、单独和某人相处的意思，匹配对应选项。
4. 第4题：逐一分析选项：A选项，中国属于亚洲，文中明确说亚洲私下送礼物是礼貌的，所以A错误；B选项，拉丁美洲禁止送刀，B错误；C选项，不能给阿拉伯人食物饮料，C错误；D选项，英国人说“Come any time”时，确定日期会被认为不礼貌，说明这可能只是客气话，符合原文表述，故D正确。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段关键句“When we are abroad, we must follow the local customs.”可知，学习不同国家的礼仪是为了出国时能规范自身行为，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：由第二段“In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough.”可知，留一点食物是表示自己已经吃饱了，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：“in public”表示公开场合（有他人在场），与之对比的“in private”意为私下、单独和某人在一起，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：
A项：亚洲（包括中国）私下送礼物是礼貌的，该项表述错误；
B项：拉丁美洲禁止送刀，该项表述错误；
C项：不能给阿拉伯人食物或饮料，该项表述错误；
D项：根据最后一段内容，英国人说“Come any time”时，若立刻确定日期会被视为不礼貌，说明这可能只是随口的客气话，该项表述正确。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找、词义语境猜测、推理判断
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕不同国家的礼仪习俗展开，题目侧重考查对文章细节的精准把握和词义的语境推断能力。解题时需快速定位原文相关内容，结合上下文分析选项，同时要注意区分不同国家礼仪的差异，避免混淆。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：首先定位文章第一段，文中明确提到“When we are abroad, we must follow the local customs.”，说明了解不同国家的礼仪核心目的是在国外时能知晓正确的行为方式，结合选项即可锁定答案。
2. 第2题：找到文中关于马来家庭的描述，第二段指出“In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough.”，“has had enough”对应“不能再吃了”，据此可得出答案。
3. 第3题：根据上下文语境，前文提到中东地区要公开送礼物，而亚洲地区是“in private”，与“in public（公开，有他人在场）”形成鲜明对比，可推断“in private”是私下、单独和某人相处的意思，匹配对应选项。
4. 第4题：逐一分析选项：A选项，中国属于亚洲，文中明确说亚洲私下送礼物是礼貌的，所以A错误；B选项，拉丁美洲禁止送刀，B错误；C选项，不能给阿拉伯人食物饮料，C错误；D选项，英国人说“Come any time”时，确定日期会被认为不礼貌，说明这可能只是客气话，符合原文表述，故D正确。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段关键句“When we are abroad, we must follow the local customs.”可知，学习不同国家的礼仪是为了出国时能规范自身行为，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：由第二段“In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table. He leaves a little to show that he has had enough.”可知，留一点食物是表示自己已经吃饱了，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：“in public”表示公开场合（有他人在场），与之对比的“in private”意为私下、单独和某人在一起，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：
A项：亚洲（包括中国）私下送礼物是礼貌的，该项表述错误；
B项：拉丁美洲禁止送刀，该项表述错误；
C项：不能给阿拉伯人食物或饮料，该项表述错误；
D项：根据最后一段内容，英国人说“Come any time”时，若立刻确定日期会被视为不礼貌，说明这可能只是随口的客气话，该项表述正确。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找、词义语境猜测、推理判断
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕不同国家的礼仪习俗展开，题目侧重考查对文章细节的精准把握和词义的语境推断能力。解题时需快速定位原文相关内容，结合上下文分析选项，同时要注意区分不同国家礼仪的差异，避免混淆。
【难度系数】
0.6