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五、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。(5 分)
express, graduate, be diagnosed with, overcome, disappoint
1. If you don't make up your mind
to overcome
your bad habits, you won't be able to achieve your goal.
2. To their
disappointment
, the couple went through the house but couldn't find the missing ring, which was to bring them into great trouble.
3. (2025·淮安市开明中学期末)Tom has difficulty
expressing
himself clearly, which may lead to misunderstanding.
4. With rising work pressure in big cities, my brother decided to return to our hometown. Before that, he has been working at a media company since his university
graduation
.
5. According to a recent study, people who lack slow-wave sleep in their youth may be more likely
to be diagnosed with
Alzheimer's disease, in which their thinking ability and memory gradually decline as they age.
答案:1. to overcome 2. disappointment 3. expressing 4. graduation 5. to be diagnosed with
解析:
【分析】
这类选词填空题的解题思路非常清晰:第一步先梳理方框内所有备选词的词义和基础词性,明确每个词的用法属性;第二步逐句通读题干,先理解句子大意,判断空格处需要的词性,再结合平时积累的固定搭配、时态语态规则,筛选出匹配句意的单词并做正确变形,最后代入句子验证逻辑是否通顺。我们可以逐个对应:先找每句的固定搭配提示,再匹配词义,最后调整词形就能得到正确结果。
【解析】
1. 句意:如果你不下定决心克服坏习惯,你就无法实现目标。固定搭配`make up one's mind to do sth.`表示“下定决心做某事”,结合后文的"bad habits(坏习惯)",对应动词overcome,因此填to overcome。
2. 句意:令他们失望的是,这对夫妇搜遍了整栋房子也没找到丢失的戒指,这会给他们带来很大的麻烦。固定结构`to one's + 名词`表示“令某人……的是”,需要把动词disappoint变为名词形式disappointment,构成短语to their disappointment。
3. 句意:Tom很难清晰地表达自己,这可能会引发误解。固定搭配`have difficulty (in) doing sth.`表示“做某事有困难”,结合后文的himself,对应动词express,因此变为动名词形式expressing。
4. 句意:随着大城市工作压力上升,我哥哥决定回到家乡。在此之前,他从大学毕业之后一直在一家传媒公司工作。空格前的形容词性物主代词his和名词university后需要接名词,把动词graduate变为名词graduation,构成短语university graduation表示“大学毕业”。
5. 句意:根据近期的一项研究,年轻时缺乏慢波睡眠的人更有可能被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病,这类患者的思维能力和记忆力会随着年龄增长逐渐衰退。固定搭配`be likely to do sth.`表示“有可能做某事”,主语people和“诊断”是被动关系,因此填to be diagnosed with。
【答案】
1. to overcome 2. disappointment 3. expressing 4. graduation 5. to be diagnosed with
【知识点】
固定搭配辨析,词性转换,非谓语动词
【点评】
本题侧重考察初中核心词汇的变形和高频固定搭配,考点覆盖不定式、动名词、名词转换、被动非谓语,整体贴合日常考试的考察方向,学生需要熟练掌握单词不同词性的变形规则,同时准确判断主被动逻辑,避免出现搭配误用的错误。
【难度系数】
0.6
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