十二、完形填空。（10 分）
Great inventions change our lives
Great inventions change the world and our lives a lot. There are 1 great inventions in ancient China. They are paper making, gunpowder, printing and 2.
Let's talk about paper making. Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty 3 paper making many years ago. He tried to use different materials 4 paper. It was cheap, light and thin. Before paper, people wrote on bamboo or silk. Now our lives become very 5 with this great invention. People can 6 a lot from books. We can write, draw and 7 notes on paper. We can also use paper to clean things. These great inventions are really good 8 us. We should remember the great inventors.
Now, the 9 four great inventions in China are very popular. They are online shopping, bike sharing, high-speed railway and QR payment. They make our lives easier. Some people even say they can't live 10 them.
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Great inventions change our lives
Great inventions change the world and our lives a lot. There are 1 great inventions in ancient China. They are paper making, gunpowder, printing and 2.
Let's talk about paper making. Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty 3 paper making many years ago. He tried to use different materials 4 paper. It was cheap, light and thin. Before paper, people wrote on bamboo or silk. Now our lives become very 5 with this great invention. People can 6 a lot from books. We can write, draw and 7 notes on paper. We can also use paper to clean things. These great inventions are really good 8 us. We should remember the great inventors.
Now, the 9 four great inventions in China are very popular. They are online shopping, bike sharing, high-speed railway and QR payment. They make our lives easier. Some people even say they can't live 10 them.
(
C
)1. A. one B. three C. four(
B
)2. A. train B. compass C. plane(
B
)3. A. invent B. invented C. invents(
A
)4. A. to make B. make C. made(
B
)5. A. hard B. wonderful C. tired(
B
)6. A. eat B. learn C. listen(
A
)7. A. take B. made C. do(
B
)8. A. to B. for C. at(
B
)9. A. old B. new C. big(
C
)10. A. with B. to C. without答案：1~5 C B B A B 6~10 B A B B C
解析：
【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨，本文围绕中国古代四大发明与新四大发明展开，结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配逐一分析选项：1. 由后文列举的四个古代发明确定数量词；2. 考查古代四大发明的文化常识；3. 考查一般过去时的动词形式；4. 考查use sth to do sth固定搭配；5. 结合语境选合适形容词；6. 考查learn from固定搭配；7. 考查take notes固定搭配；8. 考查be good for固定搭配；9. 结合后文新四大发明选形容词；10. 结合语境选表“没有”的介词。
【解析】
1. 后文明确提到古代四大发明，故此处选four，答案为C；
2. 古代四大发明为造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针，故选B（compass）；
3. 东汉属于过去时间，动词需用过去式，故选B（invented）；
4. 固定搭配use sth to do sth（用某物做某事），故选A（to make）；
5. 造纸术让生活变得美好，选B（wonderful）；
6. 固定搭配learn from（从……学习），人们从书籍中获取知识，故选B（learn）；
7. 固定搭配take notes（记笔记），故选A（take）；
8. 固定搭配be good for（对……有益），故选B（for）；
9. 后文介绍的是“新四大发明”，故选B（new）；
10. 语境表达“没有它们无法生活”，需用介词without，故选C（without）。
【答案】
1~5 C B B A B；6~10 B A B B C
【知识点】
英语完形填空、固定搭配、一般过去时
【点评】
本题以中国四大发明为主题，考查学生对词汇、语法、固定搭配及文化常识的掌握，题型常规，贴近学生认知，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨，本文围绕中国古代四大发明与新四大发明展开，结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配逐一分析选项：1. 由后文列举的四个古代发明确定数量词；2. 考查古代四大发明的文化常识；3. 考查一般过去时的动词形式；4. 考查use sth to do sth固定搭配；5. 结合语境选合适形容词；6. 考查learn from固定搭配；7. 考查take notes固定搭配；8. 考查be good for固定搭配；9. 结合后文新四大发明选形容词；10. 结合语境选表“没有”的介词。
【解析】
1. 后文明确提到古代四大发明，故此处选four，答案为C；
2. 古代四大发明为造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针，故选B（compass）；
3. 东汉属于过去时间，动词需用过去式，故选B（invented）；
4. 固定搭配use sth to do sth（用某物做某事），故选A（to make）；
5. 造纸术让生活变得美好，选B（wonderful）；
6. 固定搭配learn from（从……学习），人们从书籍中获取知识，故选B（learn）；
7. 固定搭配take notes（记笔记），故选A（take）；
8. 固定搭配be good for（对……有益），故选B（for）；
9. 后文介绍的是“新四大发明”，故选B（new）；
10. 语境表达“没有它们无法生活”，需用介词without，故选C（without）。
【答案】
1~5 C B B A B；6~10 B A B B C
【知识点】
英语完形填空、固定搭配、一般过去时
【点评】
本题以中国四大发明为主题，考查学生对词汇、语法、固定搭配及文化常识的掌握，题型常规，贴近学生认知，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
十三、阅读短文，完成表格。(6分)
Changes in life
• Online Payment(在线支付)
Fifteen years ago, people usually paid in cash. If you wanted to buy a train ticket, you had
to go to the station. Now, with online payment apps, you can buy tickets, order food, and even pay bills on your phone. It saves time.
• Electric Cars(电车)
Before 2015, most cars in cities used petrol(汽油). The air was dirty. Now, more and more people drive electric cars. They are quiet and make no smoke. For example, driving from Wuxi to Hangzhou by electric car takes about 2 hours, and it costs less than using petrol cars.
• Smart Homes(全屋智能)
Five years ago, people had to turn on lights or air conditioners(空调) with their hands. Today, smart homes help you turn on lights, TVs, and even washing machines with your phone or voice. For example, you can say, “Turn off the lights” and the system will do it by itself.
• Community Parks(社区公园)
In the past, there were not many parks in small towns. People could only play in small gardens or at home. Now, many community parks have been built.
Changes in life
• Online Payment(在线支付)
Fifteen years ago, people usually paid in cash. If you wanted to buy a train ticket, you had
to go to the station. Now, with online payment apps, you can buy tickets, order food, and even pay bills on your phone. It saves time.
• Electric Cars(电车)
Before 2015, most cars in cities used petrol(汽油). The air was dirty. Now, more and more people drive electric cars. They are quiet and make no smoke. For example, driving from Wuxi to Hangzhou by electric car takes about 2 hours, and it costs less than using petrol cars.
• Smart Homes(全屋智能)
Five years ago, people had to turn on lights or air conditioners(空调) with their hands. Today, smart homes help you turn on lights, TVs, and even washing machines with your phone or voice. For example, you can say, “Turn off the lights” and the system will do it by itself.
• Community Parks(社区公园)
In the past, there were not many parks in small towns. People could only play in small gardens or at home. Now, many community parks have been built.
答案：1. Now 2. phone 3. petrol cars 4. electric 5. hands 6. gardens
解析：
【分析】
本题是信息匹配类阅读题，解题思路为：先明确表格中“Then（过去）”与右侧对应内容为“现在”的对比关系，再根据表格的类别（支付、交通、家居、场所），快速定位短文对应段落，提取每个空的关键信息，完成填空。
【解析】
1. 表格中“Then”对应右侧为现在的情况，故填Now；
2. 短文介绍在线支付时提到“pay on your phone”，对应支付类现在的方式，故填phone；
3. 短文讲过去交通时提到“most cars in cities used petrol”，对应过去驾驶的车辆，故填petrol cars；
4. 短文讲现在交通时提到“drive electric cars”，对应现在驾驶的车辆类型，故填electric；
5. 短文讲过去家居时提到“turned on lights with their hands”，对应过去开灯的方式，故填hands；
6. 短文讲过去场所时提到“played in small gardens or at home”，对应过去玩耍的场所，故填gardens。
【答案】
1. Now 2. phone 3. petrol cars 4. electric 5. hands 6. gardens
【知识点】
阅读理解（信息定位）、名词辨析、时间对应
【点评】
本题为基础信息匹配题，通过对比“过去与现在的生活变化”考查学生快速定位短文信息的能力，难度较低，适合初中基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题是信息匹配类阅读题，解题思路为：先明确表格中“Then（过去）”与右侧对应内容为“现在”的对比关系，再根据表格的类别（支付、交通、家居、场所），快速定位短文对应段落，提取每个空的关键信息，完成填空。
【解析】
1. 表格中“Then”对应右侧为现在的情况，故填Now；
2. 短文介绍在线支付时提到“pay on your phone”，对应支付类现在的方式，故填phone；
3. 短文讲过去交通时提到“most cars in cities used petrol”，对应过去驾驶的车辆，故填petrol cars；
4. 短文讲现在交通时提到“drive electric cars”，对应现在驾驶的车辆类型，故填electric；
5. 短文讲过去家居时提到“turned on lights with their hands”，对应过去开灯的方式，故填hands；
6. 短文讲过去场所时提到“played in small gardens or at home”，对应过去玩耍的场所，故填gardens。
【答案】
1. Now 2. phone 3. petrol cars 4. electric 5. hands 6. gardens
【知识点】
阅读理解（信息定位）、名词辨析、时间对应
【点评】
本题为基础信息匹配题，通过对比“过去与现在的生活变化”考查学生快速定位短文信息的能力，难度较低，适合初中基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7