一、根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。
1. The first a
2. (宽容包容)We should learn to be kind and friendly instead of fighting with others and treating them as our e
3. (本土文化)Tongzi Opera has a l
4. Our small actions and good manners are like m
5. Just as I sat down to read a book, I heard a soft k
1. The first a
act
of the play is very attractive because it tells how the main character starts his unusual journey.2. (宽容包容)We should learn to be kind and friendly instead of fighting with others and treating them as our e
enemies
.3. (本土文化)Tongzi Opera has a l
lasting
charm. Its classic play Journey to the West has been popular for centuries.4. Our small actions and good manners are like m
mirrors
that show what we are really like.5. Just as I sat down to read a book, I heard a soft k
knock
at the door of my room.答案：1. act 2. enemies 3. lasting 4. mirrors 5. knock
解析：
【分析】
这类题需结合句子语境、首字母提示，匹配合适的单词，同时注意单词的形式变化（如名词复数、形容词形式等）。解题时先理解每句句意，再根据首字母回忆对应词汇，最后验证是否符合语境和语法。
【解析】
1. 句意：这部戏剧的第一幕很吸引人，它讲述了主角如何开启不寻常的旅程。首字母a对应“act”（戏剧的“幕”），符合语境，故填act。
2. 句意：我们应友善待人，而非与人争斗、把他人当作敌人。首字母e对应“enemy”，因前文“others”表复数，故填复数形式enemies。
3. 句意：桐梓戏有持久的魅力，其经典剧目《西游记》已流行数世纪。首字母l对应“lasting”（形容词，意为“持久的”），修饰“charm”，故填lasting。
4. 句意：我们的小行动和良好举止像镜子，展现真实的自己。首字母m对应“mirror”，主语是复数概念，故填复数形式mirrors。
5. 句意：我坐下看书时，听到房间门有轻轻的敲门声。首字母k对应“knock”（意为“敲击声”），符合语境，故填knock。
【答案】
1. act 2. enemies 3. lasting 4. mirrors 5. knock
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词复数、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的语境运用，需结合句意和首字母匹配单词，注意名词单复数变化，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
这类题需结合句子语境、首字母提示，匹配合适的单词，同时注意单词的形式变化（如名词复数、形容词形式等）。解题时先理解每句句意，再根据首字母回忆对应词汇，最后验证是否符合语境和语法。
【解析】
1. 句意：这部戏剧的第一幕很吸引人，它讲述了主角如何开启不寻常的旅程。首字母a对应“act”（戏剧的“幕”），符合语境，故填act。
2. 句意：我们应友善待人，而非与人争斗、把他人当作敌人。首字母e对应“enemy”，因前文“others”表复数，故填复数形式enemies。
3. 句意：桐梓戏有持久的魅力，其经典剧目《西游记》已流行数世纪。首字母l对应“lasting”（形容词，意为“持久的”），修饰“charm”，故填lasting。
4. 句意：我们的小行动和良好举止像镜子，展现真实的自己。首字母m对应“mirror”，主语是复数概念，故填复数形式mirrors。
5. 句意：我坐下看书时，听到房间门有轻轻的敲门声。首字母k对应“knock”（意为“敲击声”），符合语境，故填knock。
【答案】
1. act 2. enemies 3. lasting 4. mirrors 5. knock
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词复数、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的语境运用，需结合句意和首字母匹配单词，注意名词单复数变化，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
1. — Could you tell me which part of a play tells us the time and place of each scene?
— Sure. The
A.setting
B.character
C.dialogue
D.act
— Sure. The
A
usually shows when and where each scene happens.A.setting
B.character
C.dialogue
D.act
答案：1. A
解析：
【分析】这道题考查戏剧语境下的名词词义辨析。解题思路：先明确题干要求是选出能体现戏剧每个场景时间和地点的部分，再逐一分析选项词汇的含义，匹配符合要求的答案。
【解析】根据题干，需选出表示戏剧中每个场景时间和地点的内容。逐一分析选项：A. setting意为“背景”，在戏剧中通常包含场景的时间和地点信息，符合题意；B. character指“角色”，是戏剧中的人物，不涉及时间地点；C. dialogue指“对话”，是人物的交流内容，不符合要求；D. act指“幕”，是戏剧的大段落，不对应单场景的时间地点。因此正确答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析；戏剧相关词汇
【点评】本题结合戏剧常识考查基础名词辨析，难度较低，需掌握各选项词汇的含义及在特定语境中的用法。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】根据题干，需选出表示戏剧中每个场景时间和地点的内容。逐一分析选项：A. setting意为“背景”，在戏剧中通常包含场景的时间和地点信息，符合题意；B. character指“角色”，是戏剧中的人物，不涉及时间地点；C. dialogue指“对话”，是人物的交流内容，不符合要求；D. act指“幕”，是戏剧的大段落，不对应单场景的时间地点。因此正确答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析；戏剧相关词汇
【点评】本题结合戏剧常识考查基础名词辨析，难度较低，需掌握各选项词汇的含义及在特定语境中的用法。
【难度系数】0.7
2. — I waited for you at the school gate for an hour yesterday. Why didn't you
— Sorry. I forgot our appointment completely.
A.wake up
B.grow up
C.show up
D.pick up
C
?— Sorry. I forgot our appointment completely.
A.wake up
B.grow up
C.show up
D.pick up
答案：2. C
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：一方昨天在学校门口等了对方一小时，询问对方为什么没有出现，另一方回应完全忘了约定。接着分析各选项短语含义：A选项wake up意为“醒来”，B选项grow up意为“长大”，C选项show up意为“露面、出现”，D选项pick up意为“捡起；接（某人）”。结合语境，此处需表达“出现”的意思，因此锁定对应选项。
【解析】根据对话逻辑，上文询问“为什么没有出现”，需选择表示“露面、出现”的短语。逐一分析选项：A.wake up（醒来）不符合等待后询问未出现的语境；B.grow up（长大）与语义无关；C.show up（露面、出现）契合语境；D.pick up（捡起；接人）不符合此处语义。因此正确答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的语境运用，需准确掌握各短语含义并结合对话场景判断，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】根据对话逻辑，上文询问“为什么没有出现”，需选择表示“露面、出现”的短语。逐一分析选项：A.wake up（醒来）不符合等待后询问未出现的语境；B.grow up（长大）与语义无关；C.show up（露面、出现）契合语境；D.pick up（捡起；接人）不符合此处语义。因此正确答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的语境运用，需准确掌握各短语含义并结合对话场景判断，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
3. — He hurt his left leg badly, so he was
— I'm sorry to hear that. Let's help him more.
A.unable
B.impossible
C.careless
D.uncomfortable
A
to walk by himself these days.— I'm sorry to hear that. Let's help him more.
A.unable
B.impossible
C.careless
D.uncomfortable
答案：3. A
解析：
【分析】首先理解句子语境：前半句提到他左腿严重受伤，后半句需表达“无法自己走路”的结果。接下来分析各选项的含义和用法，需选择能与主语he搭配、表示“不能做某事”的形容词，结合固定搭配和词义差异判断。
【解析】根据语境，句子需表达“他无法自己走路”的意思。逐一分析选项：A. unable，构成固定搭配be unable to do sth.，意为“不能做某事”，主语为人，符合语境；B. impossible，常用结构为It is impossible for sb. to do sth.，主语不能是人，排除；C. careless意为“粗心的”，D. uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”，均不符合语境，因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义及常用固定搭配的运用，需结合语境区分各选项的用法差异，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】根据语境，句子需表达“他无法自己走路”的意思。逐一分析选项：A. unable，构成固定搭配be unable to do sth.，意为“不能做某事”，主语为人，符合语境；B. impossible，常用结构为It is impossible for sb. to do sth.，主语不能是人，排除；C. careless意为“粗心的”，D. uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”，均不符合语境，因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义及常用固定搭配的运用，需结合语境区分各选项的用法差异，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
4. — We have only ten minutes left for the school party.
—
A.Put up
B.Give up
C.Set up
D.Hurry up
—
D
! Let's get ready and walk to the hall right now.A.Put up
B.Give up
C.Set up
D.Hurry up
答案：4. D
解析：
【分析】首先通读对话把握语境：一方提到只剩十分钟到学校派对，另一方回应要马上准备去大厅，需要选择符合催促语境的短语。接下来逐一分析选项含义，结合语境排除不合适的选项，确定正确答案。
【解析】先明确各选项短语含义：A选项Put up意为“张贴、搭建、举起”；B选项Give up意为“放弃”；C选项Set up意为“建立、设立”；D选项Hurry up意为“快点”。结合语境“只剩十分钟，需马上准备出发”，此处需要表达催促的意思，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语辨析、情景交际
【点评】本题考查情景交际中常用动词短语的辨析，属于基础题型，掌握短语含义并结合语境即可轻松选出答案。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】先明确各选项短语含义：A选项Put up意为“张贴、搭建、举起”；B选项Give up意为“放弃”；C选项Set up意为“建立、设立”；D选项Hurry up意为“快点”。结合语境“只剩十分钟，需马上准备出发”，此处需要表达催促的意思，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语辨析、情景交际
【点评】本题考查情景交际中常用动词短语的辨析，属于基础题型，掌握短语含义并结合语境即可轻松选出答案。
【难度系数】0.3
三、句子翻译。
1. 不努力学习终将一事无成。
2. 根据计划，我们明天将去参观博物馆。
3. 成功不是靠运气，而是靠坚持(perseverance)和努力。
4. 快点，否则我们上学会迟到。
5. 你很快就会习惯这里的新生活。
1. 不努力学习终将一事无成。
Nothing will come of not studying hard.
2. 根据计划，我们明天将去参观博物馆。
According to the plan, we are going to visit the museum tomorrow.
3. 成功不是靠运气，而是靠坚持(perseverance)和努力。
Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work.
4. 快点，否则我们上学会迟到。
Hurry up, or we will be late for school.
5. 你很快就会习惯这里的新生活。
You will get used to the new life here soon.
答案：1. Nothing will come of not studying hard. 2. According to the plan, we are going to visit the museum tomorrow.
3. Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work. 4. Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 5. You will get used to the new life here soon.
3. Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work. 4. Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 5. You will get used to the new life here soon.
解析：
【分析】本题为英语汉译英题型，需掌握常用英语短语、固定句式及时态用法，翻译时要准确匹配汉语含义对应的英语表达，注意介词、连词的正确使用，如“根据”对应according to，“习惯”对应get used to，“不是...而是...”对应not...but...，“否则”对应or等，确保译文符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】1. “不努力学习终将一事无成”中，“一事无成”常用表达为“Nothing will come of...”，“不努力学习”译为“not studying hard”，组合得Nothing will come of not studying hard；2. “根据计划”译为“According to the plan”，“明天将去参观”用be going to表计划，译为“we are going to visit the museum tomorrow”，组合得According to the plan, we are going to visit the museum tomorrow；3. “不是...而是...”用固定句式“not...but...”，“靠”用介词from，“坚持”对应perseverance，译为Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work；4. “快点”译为Hurry up，“否则”对应连词or，“上学迟到”译为be late for school，组合得Hurry up, or we will be late for school；5. “习惯”对应固定短语get used to，“很快”译为soon，组合得You will get used to the new life here soon。
【答案】1. Nothing will come of not studying hard. 2. According to the plan, we are going to visit the museum tomorrow. 3. Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work. 4. Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 5. You will get used to the new life here soon.
【知识点】汉译英常用表达、固定句式运用、常用短语搭配
【点评】本题为基础汉译英练习题，考查核心词汇、常用句式及时态的正确运用，属于英语基础题型，需准确掌握对应英语表达。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. “不努力学习终将一事无成”中，“一事无成”常用表达为“Nothing will come of...”，“不努力学习”译为“not studying hard”，组合得Nothing will come of not studying hard；2. “根据计划”译为“According to the plan”，“明天将去参观”用be going to表计划，译为“we are going to visit the museum tomorrow”，组合得According to the plan, we are going to visit the museum tomorrow；3. “不是...而是...”用固定句式“not...but...”，“靠”用介词from，“坚持”对应perseverance，译为Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work；4. “快点”译为Hurry up，“否则”对应连词or，“上学迟到”译为be late for school，组合得Hurry up, or we will be late for school；5. “习惯”对应固定短语get used to，“很快”译为soon，组合得You will get used to the new life here soon。
【答案】1. Nothing will come of not studying hard. 2. According to the plan, we are going to visit the museum tomorrow. 3. Success comes not from luck but from perseverance and hard work. 4. Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 5. You will get used to the new life here soon.
【知识点】汉译英常用表达、固定句式运用、常用短语搭配
【点评】本题为基础汉译英练习题，考查核心词汇、常用句式及时态的正确运用，属于英语基础题型，需准确掌握对应英语表达。
【难度系数】0.6
四、阅读理解。
主题群:文学、艺术与体育 子主题:戏剧 语篇类型:剧本 难度:★★
[2025 南京市鼓楼区期末]
Characters
Nasrettin: a wise man Berna: the servant(仆人) Ahmet: a guest
Serkan: the host Narrator: a person who tells a story
Narrator: One day, Nasrettin saw a goat making a mess in a kitchen. He helped the owner catch it and then hurried to a dinner. He arrived at the home of his rich friend in his worn-out coat. He was also dirty, smelling of goat.
Serkan: (quite surprised by his friend's shabby appearance) Nasrettin, come in. My servant will seat you.
Berna: (sniffing the smelly coat) Follow me to the far end of the table, sir.
Ahmet: It is Nasrettin, at the end of the table. He keeps trying to start a conversation, but who wants to talk to such a shabby man?
Nasrettin: (saying to himself) Each of my friends wears his best coat, while I sit here, alone and hungry, in my worn-out coat—dirty and smelling of goat. I'd rather go home.
Narrator: So, Nasrettin left quickly on his grey donkey. At home, he bathed in hot water, washed himself clean, and dressed himself in a shining silk coat. Everyone nodded respectfully to Nasrettin as he headed back to his rich friend's home.
Serkan: (smiling) Welcome, my friend. Servant, seat Nasrettin at the best place and serve him our finest food and drink at once!
Ahmet: (smiling to Nasrettin) What a fine coat you are wearing!
Berna: Some nice lamb chops, sir?
Nasrettin: Thank you (putting the lamb chop inside his coat). Eat. Eat, coat!
Berna: May I interest you in delicious fried fish, sir?
Nasrettin: Yes. Thank you (opening his coat to put in food). Eat. Eat, coat!
Serkan: Old friend, tell me, why are you feeding your coat?
Nasrettin: You surely wanted my coat to eat. When I first got here, with my worn-out coat, there was no food for me. Yet when I returned in this new coat, there was every kind of food. This means it was the coat, and not me, that you invited to your dinner.
Serkan: How foolish I am!
Nasrettin: Remember, my friend, a fine coat does not make a man. Many a good man may be found in a shabby coat.
Serkan: Let us celebrate your wisdom.
1. Why did Nasrettin leave the dinner at first?
A. He felt sick from the smell of the goat.
B. He didn't like the taste of the food there.
C. He wasn't welcome because of his clothes.
D. He needed to care for his little grey donkey.
2. What is the correct order of the play?
a. Serkan realized his foolish behaviour.
b. The servant seated Nasrettin far away.
c. Serkan asked Nasrettin why he fed his coat.
d. Nasrettin went back to the dinner in new clothes.
A. bdca B. cbad C. cdba D. dabc
3.（创新考法·图片理解）How did Serkan's moods change in the play?
4. What does the play tell us?
A. It is better late than never.
B. Don't judge a book by its cover.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
主题群:文学、艺术与体育 子主题:戏剧 语篇类型:剧本 难度:★★
[2025 南京市鼓楼区期末]
Characters
Nasrettin: a wise man Berna: the servant(仆人) Ahmet: a guest
Serkan: the host Narrator: a person who tells a story
Narrator: One day, Nasrettin saw a goat making a mess in a kitchen. He helped the owner catch it and then hurried to a dinner. He arrived at the home of his rich friend in his worn-out coat. He was also dirty, smelling of goat.
Serkan: (quite surprised by his friend's shabby appearance) Nasrettin, come in. My servant will seat you.
Berna: (sniffing the smelly coat) Follow me to the far end of the table, sir.
Ahmet: It is Nasrettin, at the end of the table. He keeps trying to start a conversation, but who wants to talk to such a shabby man?
Nasrettin: (saying to himself) Each of my friends wears his best coat, while I sit here, alone and hungry, in my worn-out coat—dirty and smelling of goat. I'd rather go home.
Narrator: So, Nasrettin left quickly on his grey donkey. At home, he bathed in hot water, washed himself clean, and dressed himself in a shining silk coat. Everyone nodded respectfully to Nasrettin as he headed back to his rich friend's home.
Serkan: (smiling) Welcome, my friend. Servant, seat Nasrettin at the best place and serve him our finest food and drink at once!
Ahmet: (smiling to Nasrettin) What a fine coat you are wearing!
Berna: Some nice lamb chops, sir?
Nasrettin: Thank you (putting the lamb chop inside his coat). Eat. Eat, coat!
Berna: May I interest you in delicious fried fish, sir?
Nasrettin: Yes. Thank you (opening his coat to put in food). Eat. Eat, coat!
Serkan: Old friend, tell me, why are you feeding your coat?
Nasrettin: You surely wanted my coat to eat. When I first got here, with my worn-out coat, there was no food for me. Yet when I returned in this new coat, there was every kind of food. This means it was the coat, and not me, that you invited to your dinner.
Serkan: How foolish I am!
Nasrettin: Remember, my friend, a fine coat does not make a man. Many a good man may be found in a shabby coat.
Serkan: Let us celebrate your wisdom.
1. Why did Nasrettin leave the dinner at first?
A. He felt sick from the smell of the goat.
B. He didn't like the taste of the food there.
C. He wasn't welcome because of his clothes.
D. He needed to care for his little grey donkey.
2. What is the correct order of the play?
a. Serkan realized his foolish behaviour.
b. The servant seated Nasrettin far away.
c. Serkan asked Nasrettin why he fed his coat.
d. Nasrettin went back to the dinner in new clothes.
A. bdca B. cbad C. cdba D. dabc
3.（创新考法·图片理解）How did Serkan's moods change in the play?
4. What does the play tell us?
A. It is better late than never.
B. Don't judge a book by its cover.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
答案：1. C 2. A
3. A 图片理解题。根据“(quite surprised by his friend's shabby appearance)”可知，他先是对朋友衣衫褴褛的样子感到很惊讶；根据“(smiling) Welcome, my friend.”可知，然后他微笑着欢迎朋友；根据“Serkan: Old friend, tell me, why are you feeding your coat?”可知，接着他感到好奇或震惊；根据“How foolish I am!”可知，最后他意识到了自己很愚蠢。结合选项可知，A项显示了Serkan的情绪变化。
4. B
3. A 图片理解题。根据“(quite surprised by his friend's shabby appearance)”可知，他先是对朋友衣衫褴褛的样子感到很惊讶；根据“(smiling) Welcome, my friend.”可知，然后他微笑着欢迎朋友；根据“Serkan: Old friend, tell me, why are you feeding your coat?”可知，接着他感到好奇或震惊；根据“How foolish I am!”可知，最后他意识到了自己很愚蠢。结合选项可知，A项显示了Serkan的情绪变化。
4. B
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、事件排序、图片理解及主旨大意类题目。解题时需：1. 定位原文中人物的言行，判断事件原因；2. 梳理剧本中各事件的先后顺序；3. 提取Serkan的情绪变化，匹配对应表情图；4. 理解剧本主旨，对应选项谚语含义。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文，Nasrettin第一次赴宴时穿破旧衣服，Serkan惊讶于他的寒酸，仆人让他坐远，无人愿意与他交谈，因此他因不受欢迎而离开，故选C。
2. 第2题：梳理剧本事件顺序：b. 仆人将Nasrettin安排在远座（第一次赴宴时）；d. Nasrettin回家换丝绸外套后返回；c. Serkan询问Nasrettin喂外套的原因；a. Serkan意识到自己的愚蠢，故顺序为bdca，选A。
3. 第3题：Serkan的情绪变化：①初见穿破衣的Nasrettin时是惊讶；②Nasrettin穿新衣返回时是微笑欢迎（开心）；③Nasrettin喂外套时Serkan好奇询问（惊讶）；④最后意识到自己愚蠢（平静），对应选项A的表情变化，故选A。
4. 第4题：剧本中Nasrettin通过“喂外套”的行为讽刺Serkan以貌取人，主旨是不要以貌取人，对应选项B“Don't judge a book by its cover.”，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、剧本阅读、主旨大意
【点评】
本题以戏剧剧本为语篇，考查多种阅读技能，需精准定位原文信息，理清人物情绪与事件逻辑，理解剧本的讽刺寓意，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、事件排序、图片理解及主旨大意类题目。解题时需：1. 定位原文中人物的言行，判断事件原因；2. 梳理剧本中各事件的先后顺序；3. 提取Serkan的情绪变化，匹配对应表情图；4. 理解剧本主旨，对应选项谚语含义。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文，Nasrettin第一次赴宴时穿破旧衣服，Serkan惊讶于他的寒酸，仆人让他坐远，无人愿意与他交谈，因此他因不受欢迎而离开，故选C。
2. 第2题：梳理剧本事件顺序：b. 仆人将Nasrettin安排在远座（第一次赴宴时）；d. Nasrettin回家换丝绸外套后返回；c. Serkan询问Nasrettin喂外套的原因；a. Serkan意识到自己的愚蠢，故顺序为bdca，选A。
3. 第3题：Serkan的情绪变化：①初见穿破衣的Nasrettin时是惊讶；②Nasrettin穿新衣返回时是微笑欢迎（开心）；③Nasrettin喂外套时Serkan好奇询问（惊讶）；④最后意识到自己愚蠢（平静），对应选项A的表情变化，故选A。
4. 第4题：剧本中Nasrettin通过“喂外套”的行为讽刺Serkan以貌取人，主旨是不要以貌取人，对应选项B“Don't judge a book by its cover.”，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、剧本阅读、主旨大意
【点评】
本题以戏剧剧本为语篇，考查多种阅读技能，需精准定位原文信息，理清人物情绪与事件逻辑，理解剧本的讽刺寓意，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5